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ReferˆenciasBibliogr´aficas

[1]Defe nseSystemsInc.,ElementsofC2Theor y,Mc Lean,1985.1,2.1 [2]Ince, A.N.,Evrendilek,C.,Wilhe lmsen, D.,Gezer,F.,PlanningandArchi- tecturalDesignofModer nCommandControlCommunications andInfor - mationSystem,Klu wer,1997.1 [3]Pierr e,GustavoMoreira,AmbienteIntegrado paraPosicionamentoem Opera¸c˜oesMilitares,Dis serta¸c˜aodeMestrado,PUC-Rio,2002.1.3 [4]Seega rJr.,WilliamD.,DeployableCommandandContr olSystemfor Over theHor izonSmallBoatOperations ,Ma ster'sThesis,NavalPostgr aduate

School,Monterey,CA,USA,2006.1.3

[5]Dispo n´ıvelem:www.aero.jor.br2.1 [6]Penha, OsmarC,FlashDoutrin´ar io,CI ASC,2010.2.1 [7]Marinha doBrasil,Corpode Fuzile irosNavais,CGCFN-60Manualde ComandoeContr oledosG rupamentosOper ativosdeF uzileirosNavais,Rio deJane iro,2008.2.1,2.1 [8]Dispo n´ıvelem:http://tecnologia.uol.com.br/especiais/ultnot/

2005/08/18/ult2888u81.jhtm2.2.1

[9]Dispo n´ıvelem:http://www.sqlmagazine.com.br/Artigos/Postgre/01

Caracteristicas.asp2.2.1

[10]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://www.tecgraf.puc-rio.br/iup/2.2.1 [11]Silva,C.A.;Se ixas,R.B.,Integra¸c˜aodeAgentesAutˆonomoseSIGemuma ArquiteturaparaSimula¸c˜aodeConfr ontos,Te chnicalReport01/2003. [12]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://www.tecgraf.puc-rio.br/cd/2.2.1 [13]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://www.tecgraf.puc-rio.br/im/2.2.1 [14]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lua(linguagemde ao)2.2.1

ReferˆenciasBibliogr´aficas75

[15]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://www.mundogeo.com.br/revistas-interna.php? idnoticia=79262.2.3 [16]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://aprs.gids.nl/nmea/2.2.3 [17]Seixas,R .B.,BancodeDadosdoSistemade Jogos Did´aticos-SJD,Ma nual

2006.2.2.4

[18]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://global.mobileaction.com/product/product i-gotUGT-600.jsp(document),A.1 [19]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://www.fit-pc.com/web/fit-pc2/ [20]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://www.tekkeon.com/products-mypall-specs. html(document),A.4 [21]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://www.mimomonitors.com/products/mimo-720-s (document),A.5 [22]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/GoogleEarth2 [23]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://pt.wikilingue.com/es/Isobata3.1 [24]Dispon´ ıvelem:http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curvadenivel3.1 [25]Seixas,R .B.;Mediano,M.;Gatta ss,M.;E!cientLine-of-Sight Algorithms forRe alTerrainData,II ISimp´osiodePe squisaOperaciona leI VSimp´osio deLo g´ısticadaMarinha-SPOLM'99,1999 .3.1 [26]Seixas,R .B.,EnginedoSistemadeJ ogosD id´aticos-SJ D,Ma nual2006.

3.2,3.2

[27]Ierusalims chy,Roberto,ProgramminginLua,20 06,Lua.org,SecondE di- tion. [28]Campos, D.V.;Seixas,R.B;CommandandContr ol:A lowcostframework toremotely monitormilitarytraining,Spring Simulation Multiconference, 2011.
A

TabelascomasEspecifi ca¸c˜oe sdos Hardwares

3.2

Weight37g

Dimension46x41.5 x14 mm

GPSSiRFStarI IILowPow erchipset

HotStart :<1sec

WarmStart:<35sec

ColdStart:<35sec

WASS&EGNO Ssupp ort

AntenaGPSBuilt-inGPSpatch antenna

Autoreco rd(MotionDetector) YES

InterfaceUSB1.1

WaterResistantYes

BatteryBuilt-in750mAhrecha rgeableLi-ionbat tery

Build-inmemory64Mb

Waypoints262,000

LEDindicatorBlue&Red

Temperaturerange-10+50Cels ius

ApˆendiceA.TabelascomasEs pec ifica¸c˜oesdosHardwar es77

CPUIntelAtomZ5101.1 GHz

ChipsetIntelUS15WSCH

Memory1GBDDR2-5 33on-board

StorageInternalbayfor2.5inchesSATA HDD

miniSDso cket

Display&GraphicsIntelGMA500graphic sacceleration

Fullhardwa revideoaccelerationof H.264,

MPEG2,VC1,andWMV9

DVIDigita loutputupto1920x12 00

throughHDMIconnecto r

AudioLine-out,line-in,mic

5.1Channels S/PDIF

Networking1000BaseTEt hernet

802.11gWLAN

USB6USB2 .0High Speedpo rts

IRProgrammableconsumerIRreceiver

BIOSPhoenixBIOS

BootablefromHDD,USBthum bdrive,

USBCD ROM,USBharddisk,

overnetwork

OperatingSystemsWindows7Prof ess ional

UbuntuLinux9.10

Otheroperatings ystemscanbeinstalledbyuser

Case100%aluminum

Diecast body

Dimensions101x115x2 7mm

Weight370grams/1 3ounces-includingharddis k

OperatingTemperature0-4 5deg Cwithhar ddisk

0-7 0deg CwithSSD

Power12Vsinglesupply

8-15Vtolerant

PowerConsumption6Watlow CPUload

<7Wat10 80pH.26 4playback

8Watfull CPUloa d

0.5Watstandb y

Caracter´ısticasHSPDA/UMTS-Tri-Band(850 /19 00/2100Mhz)

EDGE/GPRS/GSM-Quadri-Band

(850/900/1800/1900Mhz)

Tr´afegodedadossobreHSDPA/UMTS/E DGE /GPRS,

comvelocidade deat´e7.2MbpssobreoHSDPA ApˆendiceA.TabelascomasEs pec ifica¸c˜oesdosHardwar es78 TabelaA.4:Especifica¸c˜oesdabateriaTekkeonMP3450R2 (20)

Weight15.3oz/430 g

Size6.85"(L)x3.32"(W)x.89"(D )

17.4cm(L)x8.4cm(W)x2.3cm( D)

BatteryCellRechargeableLithiumPolymer

VoltageSupported5V,6V,7.5 V,9V,12 V,14V,

16V,19V

TotalEnergyCapac ity50Wh

OutputCurrent Upto 4.0A

ChargingTime4hrs

InputCharg ingVoltage12-20VD C

IncludedTravelCha rgerInput100-240V AC

ChargingVoltage

IncludedTravelC hargerOutput19VDC/3.16A

Voltage/OutputCurrent

AdapterTips9(includingminiUSB)

USBOut putPortBuilt-in

StorageTemperature-20+35Cels ius

Charge0+4 0Celsius

Discharge-20-60Cels ius

ExtraPo wer3.5/7hrs(Laptop computers)

DimensionsWhenfolded: 7"x5.25"x1"( thickness),

Whenopen: 7"x4.5"(tall)x 5.25"(base)

Displaysize7"

Displayresolution 800x480

Brightness350cd/m2

Contrastratio400:1

ConnectionsUSB2.0

FeaturesResistiveTouchscreen

MonitorPivots90degr ees

IntegratedStandandCover

DriversforWindowsXP,Vista, Vista64-bitinc luded

B Artigopublicadona SpringSimulationMulticonfe rence2011

CommandandContr ol:

Alow costframeworktoremotely

monitormilitarytraining

DANIELDEVASCONCELOSCAMPOS

1

ROBERTODEBEAUCLAIRSEIXAS

1,2 1

PUC-Rio-PontificalCatholicUni versity

TECGRAF-ComputerGraphicsT echnologyGroup

RuaMarquˆesdeS ˜aoVicente 225,22453-900RiodeJaneiro, RJ,Brazil 2 IMPA-NationalInstituteforPureand AppliedMathematics EstradaDonaCastorina 110,22460-320Rio deJaneiro, RJ,Brazil danielaer@ig.com.br rbs@impa.br Abstract.TheCommandand Controltheoryof JohnBoyd, a20 th centurymilitarystrate gist,allow ustointro- ducecomputingtechniques thatare abletospeed uptheOOD Aloop(Observ e-Orient-Decide-Act),especially onobservingand orienteeringsteps.This paperintroducesa lowcost framew orkcapableof monitoringpeople, vehicles,boats,orany otherelements ofinterest,almost inrealtime.Thegoalof thisdesignis togather and presentthebest possibleinformationfor decisionmakers inaTheater ofOperations. Keywords:CommandandControl, OODALoop, MilitaryTraining ,ComputerGraphics

1INTRODUCTION

Thesuccessof anymilitary operationis relatedtotheabil- itytoobserv ethebattlefield state,decideandactin amini- mumtime,guided bythecurrent situation.This essentially meanshaving anOODAloopfaster thantheenemy force.

Basedonthe Boyd's theory[1],we havebeenworkingon

thedev elopmentofaframeworkthatspeedsup theobserv- ingandthe orienteeringstepsby theapplicationof comput- ingtechniquesand portableelectronicde vices.

Thesystemto supportCommandand Control-C2

hasthegoal ofproviding, ina uniqueenvironment, some relevantinformationtothehighcommand suchas: •Sketchgraphically,ininteracti vetime(nearrealtime), themonitoredelements ofaforce deployedin theater operationsaswell astheinformation aboutspeed and directionoftra velof theseelements; •Provideinformationgraphically,about theline-of- sight,theweapon rangeandthe radiorangeof the monitoredelements; •Presentthematiclayers withvarious coordinationand controlmeasuresused inmilitary operations,suchas goals,boundaries,landing beaches,amongothers; •Recordina databasepositionsoccupied bymonitored elementsallowing thereconstructionoftheiritinerary; •Enablevirtualpositions simulationof monitoredel- ements,allowing theestablishmentofretransmission stations,fireand visualcov erage,in betterconditions. commandanadequate tooltomanage subordinateforces deployedintheateroperationsduring militarytraining. As aresult,we stillprovide tothesubordinate forcesause- fulmechanismto navigate andquicklyorient themselvesin relationtocommand andcontrolmeasures established. Figure1:Monitored elementsseenfrom monitorofstateful station(redand blueicons)

2ARCHITECTUREOF THESYSTEM

Forabetterunderstandingof theproposedsystem itis es- sentialtoe xplainitspipeline. LookingattheFigure2 wecanidentify twomain blocks:monitored element(s) andstatefulstation. Themonitoredelement containssome portableelectronicsde vicessuch asasmallcomputer,a 3G modemanda GPSlogger. We willtalkspecifically about

Figure2:Arquitecture ofthesystem tosupport C2

theframew ork'shardwaresontheSection3.

Themainidea wasto writea script,inourcasewe

useLua[2], abletodo theparsing oftheNational Marine ElectronicsAssociation- NMEAsentence, received bythe GPSlogger, andtransmit/storearecordwithinformation suchascurrent speed,latitude,longitude andtra veldirec- tion.Afterthe parsingweinsert allthis informationintw o databases:local(monitored element)andremote (stateful station).Theconnection withtheremote databasesises- tablishedthrougha 3Gmodem. Actually,an yremotecon- nectiontechnologycan beused(wi-fi, radio,satellite...). Usingaspecific applicationbuilt tohandle suchdata, bothmembersof thesystem(monitored elementandstate- fulstation)can accessa displaythatsho wsanicon repre- sentativeofthemonitoredelementgeoreferenced. Wewill explaindetailsabouttheapplication onthe Section4.

Theframew orkisstillabletokeepaudioand video

communicationbetweenthe monitoredelementand the statefulstationthrough any communicationsoftware such asSkype, MSN,Ekiga...

3HARDW ARESOLUTIONS

Astheproposed framework mustbeable tomonitorfrom

militaryvehicles orvesselstoa soldier,we hadtolookfor hardwarethatpossessedthefollo wingcharacteristics: •Light •Small •Goodbatterylife

So,wefound onthemark etthe GPSloggerIgot-

UGT-600, thecomputerfit-PC2,the batteryTekk eon

MP3450R2and themonitorMIMO, withthemain fea-

turesillustratedon theT ables1,4, 2and3 accordingto theserequirements.

Weshouldnotethatthese characteristicsaremainly

requiredby"monitored element",asthe "statefulstation" couldbeinstalled inaroom. Inthiscase, thedevices used neednotto belightor useexternal batteries.

Figure3:V estofmonitored element

Tosolvetheproblem abouthowtocarrythis equip-

mentwhilek eepingthemonitored element'shandsfree,a goodapproachw asto buildavest.The constructionofthe vestsoughttoallymaterials withthe resistanceneededto militaryactivities withadesignthatwould promoteagood distributionofequipmentbythe user'sbody .Thecompart- mentsthataccommodate thedevices stillprovides asatis- factorywaterprotection.Figure 3showsthevest andFig- ure4sho wsthehardw aresusedbyMonitoredElement(s).

Figure4:Hardw aresusedby MonitoredElement(s)

4APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

Theapplicationthat runsboth inthemonitored elementand statefulstationw asdev elopedusingLuaasprogramming language.Atoolkit calledPortableUser Interface- IUP wasusedforbuilding graphicalinterf aces.Allelements designedonthe canvas ofthe applicationwerecreatedus- ingagraphic librarycalledCan vas Draw- CD.The im- agesdisplayedare manipulatedthrough atoolkitfor digital imagecalledImage Representation,Storage,Capture and

Processing-IM.

Theapplicationcan berunon several OSsuchas

MAC,Windowsand Linux.

Inthene xtsubsectionswe aregoingtodiscussthe

modelingofthe possiblesimulationson theapplication.

4.1Position, SpeedandTravel Direction

Asexplained intheSection2,the applicationgetslongi- tude,latitude,speed anddirectionof amonitored element byaquery tothedatabase (dataenteredinto thedatabase comingfromthe NMEAsentenceparsing). Todra wthe iconthatrepresents theelementon thegeoreferenced posi- tionisnecessary tofollow thesesteps: •ThroughGoogleEarth orother imageprovider ,we definethelimits ofthetheater ofoperationsusing a placemark.Thisw aywe obtaintheinitialandfinal coordinatesofthe monitoringarea. •Wedoaqueryto thedatabaseto findtheposition of themonitoredelement (weexpect thatthiselement is withinthelimits ofthetheater ofoperations). •UsingaLua functiontocon vertlatitude/longitude co-quotesdbs_dbs25.pdfusesText_31

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