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maritimes est l'étude des océans et des mers en tant que territoires dominés 190 A. BRAËN : Le droit maritime au Québec
2016 RESPONSIBILITY REPORT
In setting out our ambition to become corporate responsibility leaders within the commodities trading sector last year I gave three.
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NCIC Code Manual as of March 31 2021
1 janv. 2019 A SERIES OF BARS OR RUNGS ARE SET AT SUITABLE. DISTANCES FORMING A MEANS OF CLIMBING UP OR ... OF STORING AND PLAYING DIGITAL MEDIA SUCH AS.
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Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary Condition Report 2016
To that end each sanctuary is asked to answer the same set of In addition to ocean warming and marine heat waves
Département de droit des affaires (UFR 05) Laboratoire de
CEMAC ont matérialisé à travers une circulaire la libre circulation des personnes et des 190 A. BRAËN : Le droit maritime au Québec
Journal of Indian Ocean Rim Studies 2017 Vol. 1
https://www.iora.int/media/7911/jiors_may_.pdf
ÉDITO LOUVIGNÉ À LA UNE
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CONDITION REPORT
2016CHANNEL ISLANDS
U.S.Secretary of Commerce
W ilbur Ross Under Secretary of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) D r. Neil Jacobs (acting) Assistant Administrator for National Ocean Service N icole LeBoeuf (acting)Director, Office of National Marine Sanctuaries
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Suggested Citation: Office of National Marine Sanctuaries. 2019. Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary 2016 Condition Report. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of National Marine Sanctuaries, Silver Spring, MD. 482 pp. t tt 4 Condit Rte pCipCrt
Table of Contents 1
Authors 3
Office of National Marine Sanctuaries 3
Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary 3
Framework for Condition Reports 4
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s Report 6 WrKmVwork 6
Process 6
Improvements 6
Executive Summary 8
Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary Resource Condition Summary Table 15 Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary Ecosystem Services Summary Table 21 Site H
i story and Resources 23 #vVrv$Vw 23 History 24
Commerce 27
Recreation 29
Traditional and Cultural Connections 29
Research 30
Education and Outreach 30
Geology 30
Oceanography 32
Habitat 32
Living Resources 37
Maritime Archaeological Resources 43
Driving Forces and Pressures on the Sanctuary 46
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Non-indigenous Species 51
Ocean Noise 52
Commercial and Recreational Fishing 53
Energy Development Activities 56
Pollutants 57
Marine Debris 59
Visitor Use 61
Climate Variability 63
State of Drivers and Pressures 66
Mr$vVr 8Kt$n, muVst$on cC 66
Pressure Ratings (Questions 2Ð5) 66
MPA E f fects: Marine Reserves and Conservation Areas in CINMS 75 State of Sanctuary Resources 89
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The Warm Water Event coP
Habitat (Questions 10Ð11) 108
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Maritime Archaeological Resources (Questions 16Ð17) 141 State of Ecosystem Services 145
1ntrowu>t$on 145
Ecosystem Services Indicators 146
Expe r t Review Process 148 Chumash Ecosystem Services Assessment 148
Sense of Place 148
Consumptive Recreation 155
Non-Consumptive Recreation 161
Food Supply Ñ Commercial Fisheries 167
Maritime Heritage 174
Science 177
Education 178
Ecosystem Services Status and Trends 183
Summary 183
Chumash Ecosystem Services Assessment 185
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Chumash Ecosystem Services Assessment 185
Chumash Place-Based Values in Context 186
Ecosystem Services & Chumash Worldview 189
Chumash Sense of Place & Heritage 190
Psychological Services & Community Wellness 194
Indigenous Traditional Knowledge & Practice 199
Muptemi (Ancestral Memory) 203
Sources 206
Response to Pressures 208
8VsponsVs 209
Vessel Traffic 209
Ocean Noise 220
Non-Native Species 221
Commercial and Recreational Fishing 223
Energy Development Activities 226
Pollutants 228
Marine Debris 231
Visitor Use 232
Climate Variability 236
Conclusion 239
Concluding Remarks 240
Acknowledgements 242
Cit e d Resources 244 APPENDIX A: Rating Scheme for System-wide Monitoring Questions 260 APPENDIX B: Consultation with Experts and Document Review 279 APPENDIX C: Driving Forces and Pressures Tables and Graphs 287 APPENDIX D: Water Quality Tables and Graphs 327
APPENDIX E: Habitat Tables and Graphs 354
APPENDIX F: Living Resources Tables and Graphs 397 APPENDIX G: D
e veloping Indicators of Condition for CINMS 451 APPENDIX H: Description of Ecosystem Services and Methods to Determine Ratings 456 APPENDIX I: Ecosystem Services Tables and Graphs 464 2 Channel Islands | "#$%&'$!()*#+'!,-./!
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