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Univ ersity of South Carolina Univ ersity of South Carolina Scholar Commons Scholar Commons

Theses and Disser

tations Spring 2020

An Index of Chor

al Music Performed During the National An Index of Chor al Music Performed During the National Conv entions of the American Choral Directors Association Conv entions of the American Choral Directors Association (1991-2019) (1991-2019)

Jonathan Randall Hall

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Recommended Citation Recommended Citation

Hall, J. R.(2020). An Index of Choral Music Performed During the National Conventions of the American

Choral Directors Association (1991-2019). (Doct

oral dissertation). Retrieved from https:/ /scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/5926 This Open Access Disser tation is brought to you by Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Disser

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AN INDEX OF CHORAL MUSIC PERFORMED

DURING

THE NATIONAL CONVENTIONS OF THE

AMERICAN

CHORAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION

(1991-2019) by

Jonathan Randall Hall

Bachelor of Music Education

Winthrop University, 2007

Master of Music

Winthrop University, 2009

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

For the Degree of Doctor of Musical Arts in

Conducting

School of Music

University of South Carolina

2020

Accepted by:

Alicia Walker, Major Professor

Gail Barnes, Committee Member

Jabarie Glass, Committee Member

Andrew Gowan, Committee Member

Cheryl L. Addy, Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School ii

© Copyright by Jonathan Randall Hall, 2020

All Rights Reserved.

iii

DEDICATION

I dedicated this research project to my supportive and loving family. My wife, Jessica, and son, Matthew provided me with encouragement and time to complete this endeavor. My mother, Melissa Little, and grandparents, Bill and Nita Hall, provided me music instruction and sat through many concerts and recitals. iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I wish to express appreciation to the faculty of the University of South Carolina who provided support and guidance on this project. Thanks to Dr. Alicia Walker who supervised this process and has helped me navigate this degree, to Dr. Gail Barnes for her instruction on music research methods and consistent high standards in academic writing, to Dr. Jabarie Glass for providing commentary that helped shape this document, and to Dr. Andrew Gowan who is always a guiding light with much wisdom to share. Additionally, I would like to thank Dr. Larry Wyatt who served as my major professor for most of my studies at the University of South Carolina. His curiosity regarding choral literature is unmatched. v

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to index and examine the repertoire of choirs selected to perform at the American Choral Directors Association (ACDA) National Conventions/Conferences between the years of 1991-2019. This is a replicated study of William Jones's dissertation, An Index of Choral Music Performed during National Conventions of the American Choral Directors Association (1960-1987). The researcher accumulated and examined National Convention/Conference programs with the following objectives in mind: to investigate literature trends reflected in National Conventions/Conferences, and to provide choral conductors a guide through which they may gain an overview of literature performed on National Convention/Conference programs. The researcher provided tables listing the frequency of performance data. Additionally, the researcher provided an index of compositions performed sorted by title and composer/arranger. vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Dedication .......................................................................................................................... iii

Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ iv

Abstract ................................................................................................................................v

List of Tables .................................................................................................................... vii

Chapter 1: Introduction .......................................................................................................1

Chapter 2: Methodology ......................................................................................................8

Chapter 3: Research Findings ............................................................................................13

Chapter 4: Discussion of Data and Identification of Repertoire Trends Observed Through National Convention/Conference Concert Programs ....................................68

Chapter 5: Conclusions ......................................................................................................84

Bibliography ......................................................................................................................90

Appendix A: Title Index ....................................................................................................91

Appendix B: Composer Index .........................................................................................485

Appendix C: Dates and Sites of National Conventions/Conferences ..............................837

Appendix D: Recital Programs ........................................................................................838

vii

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1 Frequency Distribution: Multiple Listings of Titles ..........................................13

Table 3.2 Frequency Distribution: Multiple Listings of Composers .................................24

Table 3.3 Frequency Distribution: Multiple Listings of Arrangers ...................................34

Table 3.4 Frequency Distribution: Multiple Listings of Publishers ..................................38

Table 3.5 Frequency Distribution: Multiple Listings of Specific Text Settings ................43 Table 3.6 Frequency and Percentage Distribution: Occurrences of Text Settings ............54 Table 3.7 Crosstabbing: Text Frequency by Convention/Conference Year ......................55

Table 3.8 Frequency and Percentage Distribution: Languages .........................................55

Table 3.9 Crosstabbing: Language Frequency by Convention/Conference Year ..............56 Table 3.10 Frequency and Percentage Distribution: Type of Accompaniment .................56 Table 3.11 Crosstabbing: Accompaniment Frequency by Convention/Conference Year .57 Table 3.12 Frequency and Percentage Distribution: Style Representation ........................57 Table 3.13 Crosstabbing: Style Representation Frequency by Convention/Conference

Year ..............................................................................................................................58

Table 3.14 Frequency Distribution: Types of Voices Performing .....................................59

Table 3.15 Crosstabbing: Number of Selections Performed by Types of Voices in Each

Convention/Conference Year........................................................................................59

Table 3.16 Crosstabbing: Number of Appearances of Group Types by

Convention/Conference Year........................................................................................60

Table 3.17 Frequency and Percentage Distribution: Group Classification ........................60 Table 3.18 Crosstabbing: Group Classification Occurrences in Each

Convention/Conference Year........................................................................................61

viii Table 3.19 Frequency Distribution: Performing Ensembles Represented More Than Once on National Convention/Conference Programs..........................................62 Table 3.20 Frequency Distribution: Conductors Appearing More Than Once on National

Convention/Conference Programs ...............................................................................63

Table 3.21 Distribution of Performing Groups as They Represent Divisions/Regions and

States at National Conventions/Conferences ................................................................66

Table 4.1 Composers Represented More Than Once on National Convention/Conference Concert Programs Spanning Three Decades: 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s .......................70 Table 4.2 Composers Represented More Than Once on National Convention/Conference Concert Programs Spanning Two Decades: 1990s and 2000s......................................74 Table 4.3 Composers Represented More Than Once on National Convention/Conference Concert Programs Spanning Two Decades: 2000s and 2010s......................................76 Table 4.4 Composers Represented More Than Once on National Convention/Conference Concert Programs Spanning Two Decades: 1990s and 2010s......................................79 Table 4.5 Composers Represented More Than Once on National Convention/Conference

Concert Programs Only During the 1990s ....................................................................79

Table 4.6 Composers Represented More Than Once on National Convention/Conference

Concert Programs Only During the 2000s ....................................................................80

Table 4.7 Composers Represented More Than Once on National Convention/Conference

Concert Programs Only During the 2010s ....................................................................81

1

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

The most significant task a choral director faces is selecting performance repertoire. Directors may choose to consult state festival lists, reading session packets, or online sources for repertoire suggestions. Although many publishers of lists sort by level of difficulty or voicing, they do not indicate which pieces are frequently performed by selected performing ensembles.

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to index and examine the repertoire of choirs selected to perform at the American Choral Directors Association (ACDA) National Conventions/Conferences between the years of 1991-2019 (n=15). This is a replicated study of William Jones's dissertation, An Index of Choral Music Performed during National Conventions of the American Choral Directors Association (1960-1987). 1 The purpose for this study is to provide an updated index and data that reflects current performances. Choral directors can use this index as a resource for seeking choral literature performed by top choirs at National ACDA Conventions/Conferences. The researcher accumulated and examined National Convention/Conference programs with the following objectives in mind from Jones's study:

1. To investigate literature trends reflected in National Conventions/Conferences.

1 Jones, William Darryl. An Index of Choral Music Performed During National

Conventions of the American Choral Directors Association (1960-1987). PhD diss., The

Florida State University, 1988.

2

2. To study similarities and differences in literature performed at National

Conventions/Conferences.

3. To compare the frequency of the performance of literature representing each

musical style period as it has appeared on National Convention/Conference concert programs.

4. To compare the frequency of the performance of music by specific composers

as it has appeared on National Convention/Conference concert programs.

5. To investigate the frequency of the appearance of specific musical selections,

group, and conductors.

6. To investigate and compare appearances of groups representing various

classifications: Children, Junior High School/Middle School, High School, College or University, Church, Community/Adult, SA Choir, TB Choir, and

Professional Choral Singers.

7. To ascertain balance between performances of literature with sacred and/or

secular texts.

8. To provide choral conductors a guide through which they may gain an

overview of literature performed on National Convention/Conference programs.

9. To preserve National Convention/Conference concert program information as

part of ACDA's history. 2

2 Ibid.

3

Literature Review

Researchers studied literature performed at regional (formerly division) and national conventions of the American Choral Directors Association (ACDA) in 1988,

1992, and 2000. These studies included identifying literature performed at ACDA

Conventions/Conferences, creating an index of music performed, and analyzing the trends in literature selection. William Jones conducted the first study in 1988, which indexed choral literature performed at National Conventions of the American Choral Directors Association from

1960-1987:

This study was accomplished in two phases. Phase one involved: 1) collecting and examining National Convention programs, 2) collating and comparing titles and composers of literature which had been performed during National Convention concerts, 3) investigating the frequency of performance of specific musical selection and appearances of group and conductors, 4) investigating the frequency of performance of works representing specific publishers, 5) ascertaining balance between performances of literature with sacred and/or secular texts, 6) comparing the frequency of performance of literature representing each musical style period, and 7) comparing appearances of groups representing various choir classifications. Phase two identified repertoire trends observed through the study of National Convention concert programs. 3 Jones indexed the choral literature based on fourteen fields: Title, Composer, Arranger, Publisher, Catalogue #, Text, Language, Accompaniment, Convention/Year, Style, Group Type, Group Class, Group Name, and Conductor. He then placed the data in tables according to the frequency and percentage of occurrence. Jones's study concluded with a discussion of the data and repertoire trends he observed. Jones's study has two

3 Jones, William Darryl. An Index of Choral Music Performed During National

Conventions of the American Choral Directors Association (1960-1987). PhD diss., The

Florida State University, 1988.

4 appendices, "Appendix A displays the Title Index and Appendix B presents the

Composer Index."

4 Anthony Rucker completed a similar study in 1992, where he indexed choral music performed during Southern Division Conventions of the American Choral Directors Association (1970-1990). Rucker collected Southern Division programs and analyzed the data for "frequency, percentage of occurrences, and comparison studies." 5 Rucker stated this study was to ascertain the following information:

1) To study similarities and differences in literature performed during Southern

Division Conventions,

2) To compare the frequency of performance of literature representing each

musical style period,

3) To compare the frequency of performance of music by specific composers,

4) To investigate the frequency of appearances of specific musical selections,

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