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MOROCCO

Nº 125

ENGLISH EDITION

OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL OLIVE COUNCIL

Morocco is a key player in the global

olive sector. It will play an increasingly important role in the coming years T he designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the IOC Executive

Secretariat concerning the legal status of any

country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The contents of the articles that appear in this publication do not

Executive Secretariat. Articles published in

OLIVAE may be reproduced in full or in part

provided that the source is mentioned. T he designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the IOC Executive

Secretariat concerning the legal status of any

country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The contents of the articles that appear in this publication do not

Executive Secretariat. Articles published in

OLIVAE may be reproduced in full or in part

provided that the source is mentioned.

The marvels of Morocco

Abdellatif Ghedira

Executive Director

of the International Olive Council

Olive growing in ancient Morocco

The olive sector

Research background

Developing production

Health quality and security

Promoting exports

Environment

The professional organisation of the sector

Education and training

Ministry of Culture and Communication

Olea europaea

azemmour pax romana

The spread of the olive tree

throughout the Mediterranean.

Photo: IPEPO

production areas Sala

Figure 1: Olive growing

regions in ancient

Morocco.

Roman bathers rubbing their bodies with olive oil in the thermal baths 8

Oil manufacturing techniques

prelum

Figure 4: Floor plan of the "Two press house" oil

mil in Volubilis. Drawing: G. Monthel. This oil mil, one of the best preserved in Volubilis, has a press for initial work without any counterweight. It stands adjacent to a shop that opens up directly onto the city's main avenue. 1.

OIL MILL

2. SHOP

Nº 125

Figure 5: An oil mil in Volubilis. In the foreground to the left, press table and four-unit stone (bearing traces of repair). To the right, maintenance area. In the background: decanting basins. The complex circuit of spillway incisions is noticeable. Figure 6: An oil mil in Volubilis. In the foreground, the decanting basin. In the background, to the left, press table and four-unit stone. To the right, the maintenance area. The stone standing in the centre of the photograph served to secure a wooden balustrade surrounding the maintenance area. The cup-like shape carved out of the top held a lamp for night work. The maintenance area directly overlooks the street. The threshold is equipped maâsras

Figure 7:

P relum fastening system

Production and commercialisation

Figure 8: A (displaced) press table in Volubilis. At left, the blocked cavity proves that the stone was used in two different positions. The stone has worn down and the spillways deepened due to the acidity of the oil. THE N

ATIONAL

STRATEGY TO

DEVELOP THE

M ORO CCA N O LIVE

SECTOR

The Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Rural Development,

Water and Forests

Main objectives of the contract

programme

Situation

2009Objectives

2020

Surface

Total production

Exports (t)

Contribution in foreign currency

Job creation

Domestic consumption

(kg/hab/year)

In order to meet these

objectives, the following lines of action will be taken: A xe 1

Develop production through expand

ing areas, rehabilitating existing plantations and providing drip irriga tion equipment. A xe 2

Enhance production by increas

ing pressing and canning capacity through creating new units, upgrad ing existing units and promoting the various uses of olive pomace. A xe 3

Developing opportunities in the for-

eign and domestic market, in partic- ular through:

Reinforcing and diversifying exports

of olive oil and table olives and de veloping packaged exports to the EU and new markets;

Conducting promotion campaigns

in foreign and domestic markets by targeting quality and respect for standards and the environment. A xe 4

Improving the framework conditions

of the sector through strengthening associations, research, training and supervision. I nvestment The overall investment for implementing the contract programme is MAD

Main achievements

In 10 years, the following progress has been made: 1717
The main prospects for developing the olive sector are summarised as follows: communication tools and targeting both consum ers and producers ganise marketing channels The Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Rural Development,

Water and Forests

The Fruit Tree Productivity Project of the MCA pro gramme (PAF/MCA), which is the anticipated embod iment of one of the major foundations of the Green

Morocco Plan, namely Pillar II regarding solidarity in agriculture, is an innovative project with a unique

conceptual identity. The main elements that have prevailed throughout all stages of its implementation are summarised as follows: greater transparency and equity to the activities scheduled as part of the project al potential. This consists in particular in imple menting a territory-based intervention system that integrates the development efforts of the various partners, including new plantations, hy- dro-agricultural developments, production en hancement, supervision, professional organisa tion of farmers, etc. cording to an integrated vision of the links in the targeted sectors, from the planting of seedlings and production to valuation, market access and consumer satisfaction affect the surrounding environment structures (APP, PMU) and substantial material resources that ensure autonomy in management, freedom of action, a judicious and reasonable mo tivation of the human resources mobilised, pre 18

20 olive

pressing units over 6,800 farmers 150 cooperatives

78%extra virgin

quality 10 generally positive outcome THE M ORO CCA N O LIVE

SECTOR TODAY

The Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, Rural Development,

Water and Forests

The socio-economic

importance of the olive tree

The olive orchard and its

location E volution

0200400600800100012001400

641
654
669
693
720
748
773
813
839
885
922
947

1006.01

1008
1021
1045
1220

2002/2003

2003/2004

2004/2005

2005/2006

2006/2007

2007/2008

2008/2009

2009/2010

2010/2011

2011/2012

2012/2013

2013/2014

2014/2015

2015/2016

2016/2017

2017/2018

Objective 2020

Figure 1: Changes in olive growing area 2002-2017

Area 1, 000

h a

Regional distribution

REGIONA

L

DISTRIBUTION OF T

H E O L

IVE GROWING AREA

(2017/2018 CRO P YEAR) our (*): Oleicultura de secano

Fuente: MAPMDREF

17% 63%
20% lOCAlISED I RR

IGATION

176,000

hA

660,660

hAGRAVITY I RR

IGATION

208,530

hA

Managing the olive grove

Click here to read

irrigation: a promising strategy to save water, increase production and improve the quality of olives and olive oil in arid and semi-arid areas.'

Figure 2: Managing the olive grove

Age pyramid

Number of trees (Millions)

01020304050607080

26

0-7 years8-50 years>50 years

72
27

Figure 3: Age

P yramid

Production and yield

050010001500200025003000

2002/20032003/20042004/2005

2005/2006

2006/2007

2007/2008

2008/2009

2009/2010

2010/2011

2011/2012

2012/2013

2013/2014

2014/2015

2015/2016

2016/2017

2017/2018

Objective 2020

696
413
478
572
584
662

8031444

1405
1316
1175
1573
1144
1416
1039
1561
P roduction 1,000 T

Figure 4: Changes in

total olive production

2002-2017

Figure 5:

Changes in olive

oil production

2002-2017

Olive oil production

(1,000 t) 2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016

201785

45
5075
75
85
85160
150
130

120150

120
140
110
140

020406080100120140160180

Table olive production

(1,000 t)

2005/20062004/20052003/20042002/2003

2006/2007

2007/2008

2008/2009

2009/2010

2010/2011

2011/2012

2012/2013

2013/2014

2014/2015

2015/2016

2016/2017

2017/2018100

80
8090
90
100
100
90120
100

100120

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