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English

Pronunciatio

English

PronunciationIn

Use

Self-studyand

classroomuse

MarkHancock

MCAMBRIDGE

vUNIVERSITYPRESS

Section ALetters andsounds

Contents

Tothestudent

Totheread1er

5 7 '0 12 14 16 18 20 22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
46
48
leJl./tt:I fbI, /pI "',hi !d!./tI

Ii:!,lei

/fl,Iv! IgI,M /hI,/w/, Ij! lal1,hi

IJI, /d:/,ItJI

!V,Ir! lo:(r)/,lea(rY fmJ,/n1,1r;j/ /9/,IN IAI ,IuI,fu:l

13:(rll,/::l:(r)l

1:>11,/aJ.JI

Bye.buyIntroducingIetttnandsounds

&uk,t=1<

Ria,ri$e

Mm,WIn

Carrot.ubbage

Few,view

Gate,Kate

Hear,year

Wine,wm

Sheep,;UP.theap

Flies.fries

Car.care

Some.$Nn.sung

Note, not

Arthur'smQther

Sun,fitlJ,J_

Shin,short

TO)!.town

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1213
14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Section B Syllables, words andsentences

21Eye,mineIntroducinglI}'l.I.abks

22Sahmlay&pkmlNr13thlntroducingwordscess

23R-m.toldherIntroducingseeeeecestress

SO 52
54

2 7pl4yed. Rit4 rnkdSyUables:addingpasttenseendings

56
58
60
62

Wordstress

29Sewndhand,booluhopStressincompound words

30Unforgett4hleStressinlonger words1

31Pub/it;,publicityStressinlongerwords2

64
66
68
70

Sentencestress

33THATcould be theMANUnstressedwords74

34I'llASKher(Alaska)Pronouns andcontractions76

35ShewasFIRSTPronouncingtheverbbe78

36WHATdoyouTHINK?Auxiliaryverbs80

38Petsenter,petcentreJoiningwords184

39Aftereight, after rateJoiningwords286

SectionC Conversation

41Couldyousaythat again?Understandingconversation90

42'Wasthatthequestionf"heasked.Readingaloud: 'pronouncingpunctuation'92

43Ashirtand a tieIashirtandtieGroupingwords94

45Well,anyway...Tellingastory98

48'Likefather likeson'astheysayQuotingspeech104

52o,ipsor salad?Emphasising contrastingalternatives112

54Lookwho'stalking!Introducingtones116

56Wherewereyouborn?Tones inaskingforinformation120

57We'redosedtomorrowTonesin newandoldinformation122

58Dh,really?Continuing or finishingtones124

59It'sfun.isn"it?Agreeing and disagreeingrcnes126

60Itwasbrilliant!Hightones128

SectionD Reference

01Introductiontophonemic symbols130

02Pronunciationtest137

03Guideforspeakersofspecificlanguages141

04Soundpairs144

05Sentencestressphrasebook161

06Glossary162

166

Acknowledgements

200

Tothestudent

forbothspeaking and undersranding.Itiswrinmmainly forstudentsof inn:rmediarebel

WhatwillIneed?

YouwillneedacassetteorCDplayer tolistentotherecordedmaterialthatgoeswiththisbook. It willbeveryusefulifyouhaveequipment[0recordyourown voice,sothatyoucanhearyour ownprogress.Thissymbol®indicatesthetracknwnberfor recordedmateriall.e.CDor cassette

A.track1.

Also,when youaresrudyingindividualsounds,

itis sometimes useful ifyouhave amirror.Withthis,youcan comparetheshapeofyourown mouthtothemouthin diagrams likethis onefromUnit 8. Seepage163foe aLabelleddiagramofthemouth and throat.

HowisEnglishPronunciationin Useorganised?

Thereare 60 units in the book.Each unitlooksatadiffermrpointofpronunciation.Each unit hasrwopages.Thepageon theleft has explanationsandexamples,andthepageontheright hasexercises.The60unitsaredividedintothreesectionsof 20unitseach.SectionAisabout howtosayand spellindividualsounds.SectionB isaboutjoiningsoundstomakewords and sentences.Section

Cis about pronunciationinconversation.

After the60units.,there is afounhsection,SectionD,whichcontains the following: •Intr oductiontophonemic symbols •P ronunciationtl:5t •Soundpain •Seereecesuessphrascbook oG"""""

Atthe endofthebook thereisaKeywithanswers.

Withthe

book,thereisalso asetoffourcassettesorCDs,oneforeachseaionofthebook.

WhatordershallI dotheunitsin?

Itisbetterifyou balancetheworkthatyoudofromthethreesections: first,doaunitfrom

Section A, then aunit fr

omSection B, then a unit fromSectionC,then another unitfrom Secti onA,andsoon.

So,forexample,youcouldbegin likethis:

Unit I,thenUnit21.

thenUnit 41,the:n Unit 2, etc.At theendofeachunit,youwillfindanote telling you where to go next. book,you willbedirectedtooneofthe:exercisesinS"rionD4SoJmJpairs. 5 •DothePronunaatiotrtntin Section o.Countyourscoreforeachsection.Ifyou didspecially wellin an •Look atSection03 Guideforspeakenof specificlanguages.Findyourownlanguage (the languagesare in alphabeticalorder],Thenoeestherewilltell youwhich unitsarelessimportant for speakersofyour language and whichsoundpairsinsection D4arerecommended.

DoIneedtoknowthephonemicsymbols?

ItispossibletousethisbookwithoutknowingphonmUcsymbols,itisU5C'fuJto learn thembecausetheymakeit easiertoanalysethepronunciation of words.Also,manydictionaries u youwillfindatableofthephonemicsymbols,plusasetofpuzzlestohelp youlearnthem.

Is this book onlyaboutpronunciationinspeaking?

No, it M't.Pronunciationisimportantferbothlisteningandspeaking.Inmany oftheunits. speak certain ways.Youneedtobeabletounderstandthiswhenyouhearit,butitdoesReXmatterif you donotspeakin thisway.Peoplewillstill understand you.Pronunciationpointslikethisare shown withagreybackgroundandthis sign: speakthatwaytoo.

WhataccentofEnglish is used inthisbook?

For amodelfor youto copy whenspeaking,wehaveusedonlyoneaccent,a SouthernBritish accent.Butwhenyou are listeningto peoplespeakingEnglish.you willhearmanydifferent accems, Ifyou arenotusedtothese,itcanbeverydifficulttoundcmandwhatisbeingsaid.For thisreason,you willheara varietyofacceersinsomepartsoftheIistmingmaterial.foethisbook.

Whatis theSentencestressphrasebook?

It can help you to speakmorefluentlyif yousaysome:verycommonexpressionswitha fixed pronunciation,like a single word.InSection 05$mtolt:estresspbrasebook,somecommon expressionsaregiven.andthey aregroupedtogether bythe waytheysound: bytheirsentC'fJU

WhatisintheGlossary?

Inthisbook. there aresomewordswbjcharespecifictothesubjectofpronunciation. You an find anexplanationofthemeaningofthesewordsin Section D6Glou.:try.

How should I usetherecordings?

Whenyouareworkingwiththerecording,youshould replayatrackas often asyouneedto. giveyoulimetothinkor10writeyouranswers,Whenyou areinstructed10repeatsingkweeds thereisa spaceontherecordingforyou10doso,butifyouarerepeatingwholesenrena:syou willhavetopause therecordingeachtime.

Totheteacher

unitsonthrirown. explanation pbonoIogicalterms, SectionAaimstocoverthesoundsofEnglishandtheir mainspellings.Theunitsareorganised bylettersratherthansounds.Theintentionisthat thiswouldbeamoreintuitiveroute:infor n on-specialist users.At the same rime,thisorganisationhelpstohighlight sound-spelling regularitiesinEnglish. Thevowels arecoveredfirst viathe fivevowel letters of the alphabet, andtheir 'long'and 'short' pronunciations,f orexample the letter A asintapeortap.Theremaining vowel soundsare presentedasvowels which typicallyoccurbefore aletter R.Theconsonantsoundsarepresented througheither theirmostcommonspeleletttt,orbyoneoftheirmainspellings.Theorderingof ebeseunitsismoreor leualphaberial. spelling. to.-tworeasons: unitsaccording tominimalpainwouldthereforelead to ahugenumberofunitsandakitof duplication. Manyminimalpairswillbereduedanrfor anygivenlearner, solearnersneedtobesdeaive.

Porenrial1yconfusing

minimalpainare garheredrogetherinSectionD4SowJJp.nn.Learners variarionacrossdifferenrvarieties of English.Forexample,when:thereisaletterRwithno vowelafterit,manyspeakersdonorpronounce the Randmanyceberspeakersdopronounceie, andbothvarietiesarepeesenred,

Manyvowelsounds

aretreatedaslocal variantsof vowel .R.Forinstance, the diphthong !l:tl is initiallypresentednor as a soundin itself,bur as a variantoffillwhen itoccursbeforeRorL 7 Somequotesdbs_dbs1.pdfusesText_1

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