NCIC Code Manual as of March 31 2021
Jan 1 2019 A PIECE OF FURNITURE WITH A FLAT TOP AND ONE OR ... FREE SPIRIT (BICYCLE MODEL OF SEARS
Class of 1970 50th Reunion Yearbook Vol. 1
Jan 27 2021 Married 44 years
LIFE CARE PLANNING
address is on the cover of this packet and below. Arizona Secretary of State. Advanced Directive Dept. 1700 West Washington 7the Floor. Phoenix
Postmaster & The Merton Record 2021
Nov 1 2021 thanking the editorial team and the Year Representatives plus ... good citizenship that is the hallmark of a Merton student.
RAPPORT ANNUEL 2018
infrastructures aille de l'avant et toujours plus haut. Le partage des connaissances se réalise à l'occasion des réunions des Directions
East Asian miracle
good and macroeconomic perfornance unusually stable providing The crease in the openness of thcse economies
English?french Dictionary
English?french (dictionnaire). English?french Dictionary. 44 as soon as possible : le plus tôt possible ... aviation : aviation aéronautique.
Airline Mergers and Alliances 1999
The OECD Competition Committee debated airline mergers and alliances in Le plus ancien et le plus évolué de ces rapprochements est l'alliance Star.
Annex 5 R. M. Oddenyo et al. Kenyan sharks baseline assessment
Feb 22 2021 The trade in sharks and shark products in the Western Indian and Southeast. Atlantic Oceans. TRAFFIC East/Southern Africa
PREFACE
Jan 2 2017 Pour plus d'informations sur les dispositions réglementaires et ... nominal longitude of the space station
*tT *I L,' 1. O'i; EAi ("'t M # k A C l., it,;t4 '' I!WSbi7S'XtWs6Ni
SHS'WlIF .8e,.l.e iXS4
NE ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 4 F~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized
S ~ ~~~~~~~~~.''
s~~~~~~~~~~~~F f)Cll rOS (
:.; ] I X ,0 g r X~~~ILul=lpph. ; -.r.
_' d 0 0 X\ 0 fib~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-Jakarta
z * *NWLI6 :6 S -.MF
C)~~~C
0 TheEast Asian
Miracl e
Economic Growth
and Public PolicyPublished for the World Bank
CxCORD UNIVERSrrYPRS
Oxford Univeirm Pressw
OXFORD NEV YORK TORONTO
DELI BOMBaY CALC;UJrA MADRAS KARACHi
kUAA LUMPUR SINGAPORE HONG KONG TOKYONAIROBI DAR ES SALAAM CAPE TOWN
MELBOURNE AUCKLAND
and asidad compania inBERLIN IBADAN
0 2993 7lmriarmnd Ba&nkfor Reomtruawn
wdDevaop mewl OPJE U'2LD HAAh1818 H Sreet N.W.
Mathinog D.C 20433. USA
Pub hed by Oxfrd UniAnityPrs, fINC.
200 MAdiwrAvemd4 New York N. Y 10016
Oxford is a rqwra bradeark of Oxford UnirsiyPreaz
A(1rgth raerd Noparjrh5pub&icatum 6be reprw l .woredin a rrtrudqsfem or Drwmm&mc4 in any farm or by any meas, deamn, merhank4 pumwpy4 rewonmg& ore.z se,i w etvepdorpermrnuonfxf0uirdUriviy PrmMamftiazdn she Unisd s /Ameria
Fon paning&Spemner 1993
Ciogun ph s-At the wp. a ricefud inJava, Indoniaig; c resy ofMatricrAiser. At r beraomI , the por ofPuan, Rephfir ofKar=cowty ofJindre &pjDA The map tnappars o n the izside rova, wbib shws t6c eight eom wigs diiwed in Mis bok wsprqmred soyfortke onvenie ofthe reader the dres-arions andpresramt of maeial in it d wet imply the owrr ofrmy opbun warsoener on the pavt of th World Bank its affiiner or isr Bad ormember conries onwMtming the egl as1 0f ay ewonM, mq rroj cirt or or /t&e anthrifia xref, or rcwemning rthedeimiwdon qfirs boitames or in natiolaie rfCwFs Caragtoing-Publadon DarThe EasAswaw mirade w :omwgrvww5 =d; bicpAl
p. cn.-(MordBankpdiy r=* reponw)Incdaw r 3uietpieal ner
,IrN 0-19-5209934IL. AsEa;rnee-Ecwmic pli 2- tE a-Econidc cendo-,
3. Asi Sawi&s-Ecenamicpole 4. Ask CitiomS
L. WorldBank f. Se,ie
HC4625.A275 1.993
338.95-c20 9S33046&
ismv 1G20-0851 Torprepaper anom the Ameria Natnax SxdrdfrPawzw*w wfP1pfr1Jiwd MreLw ialr Z39.48-1984
Foreword
EBATES ON THE APPROPRIATE ROLE OF PUBLIC POUCY IN
economic development have occupied policymakers and scholars since the study of developing economnies bcgan in earnest at the dosc of World War IL. The success of many of the economies in EastAsia in achieving rapid and equitable growth, often in the context ofacivist public policies, raises complex questions about the relationship between government, the private sector, and the markern Seningly, the rapidly growing economies in East Asia used many of the same poficy instruments as othcr developing economies, but with greater success. Understanding which policies contribuced co their rapid growth, and how, is a major question for research on development pol- icy. Forthese rcasons I announced at the time of the 1991 Annual Meet- ings of the Board of Govemors of the World Bank in Bangkok, Thailand, that our Development Economics Vice Presidencywould un- dertake a comparative study of economic growth and public policy inEast Asia.
This volume is the summary ch. appears
as the first in a series of Policy Rcsearch Reports, which arc intended to bring to a broad audience the results of research on development policy issues carried out by staff of the World Bank.As reports on policy issues, we intend that they should help us to take- stock of what we know and cIealy identifir what we do not know; they should contribure to the de- bat in both the academic and poli-y communities on appropriate pub- lic policy objectives and instruments for developing economies; and they should be accessible tX nonspecialiscs. Because they sunmarize re- search, we also anticipate that Policy Research Reports will provoke far- ther debate, both within the Bank and outside, conceming the methods used and the conclusions drawn. What does this report tell us about the East Asian miracle? The re- seawh shows that most of EastAsias extraordinary growth is due co su- perior accumulation of physical and human capita. But these economies Were also better able than most to allocate physical and buman resources to highly productive investrents and to acquire and master txchnology. In this sense there is nothing 'miraculous" about the East Asian economics' success; each has perfirmed these essential func- tions of growth better than mosr other economies. The eight economics studied used very different combinations of policies, firom hands-ofTto highly interventionist. Thus, them is no sin- gle 'East Asian moder of development. This divcrsity of experience re- inforces the view that economic policies and policy advice must be country-specific, if they are to be effectivec But there arc also some com- mon threads among the high-performing East Asian economies. The authors conclude that rapid growth in each cconomy was primarily due to the application of a set of common, market-friendly economic poli- cies, leading to both higher accumulation and berter allocation of re- sources. While this condusion is not strikingly new, it reinforces other rcsearch that has sressed the essential need for dcveloping economics to ger the policy fundamentals igIL The research also firther supports the desirability of a two-track approach to development policy emphasizing macroeconomic stability on one hand and investments in people on the ocher. The importance of good macroeconomnic management and broadly based educational systems for Easr Asia's rapid growth is abun- dandly demonstrated. The reporr also breaks some new ground. It condudes that in some economics, nainly those in Northeast Asia, some selective interventions contibuted o grwth. and it advances our undersmading of the condi- tions required for interventions to succeed. The authors argue thar where selective intervcntions succceded they did so because of th o es- sential prcrequisites. First, they addressed problems in the functioning of markets. Second, they took place within the contex of good, finda- mental policies. Third, their success depended on the ability of govern- merts to establish and monicor appropriate economic-performance criteria related to the interYcntions-in the authors' terms, to create eco- nomic contests. These prerequisites suggesr that the institional con- text withLin which policies are implemented is as important to their success or failure as the policies themselvcs, and the report dcvotes sub- stantial artention to the institutional bases for East Asi-a rapid growth. While these factors help to explain why apparently sinilar policies did not succeed in mrany other economies, the report also leaves unan- swered many important questions. The market-oricnted asj ctxs of East Asia!s polides can be recommended with few reservations, but the more vi institutionally demanding aspects, stich as contest-based interventions, have nor been successfully used in other settings. Noneconomic factors, induding culture, politics, and history, are also important to the East Asian success story. Thus, there is still much to be learned about the in- teractions between policy choices and inscitutional capability and be- tween economic and noneconomic factors in development. Work in these areas will continue beyond this report. The support of the Government ofjapan for the research program on the high-performing Asian economics is gratfilly acknowledged. The report is a product of the staff of the World Bank, and the judgments made herein do not necessarily reflect the view of its Board of Directors or the governments they rcprescnt.Lewis T. Preston
President
The World Bank
Augur 1993
viiContents
7Te Rear Team xi
Ack3wwkdgmnae xiii
Defmiufons xv
Overview-r The Making of a Miracle
The Essence of the Mirale: Rapid Growth with Equity 8 Policies for Rapid Growth in a Changing World Economy 23Note 26
1 Growth, Eqrity, and Economic Change 27
Rapid and Sustained Economic Growth 28
Declining Income Inequality and Reduced Poverty 29Dynamic Agricultural Seaors 32
Rapid Growth of Exports 37
Rapid Demographic Transitions 38
High Investment and Savings Rares- 40
Creatng Human Capital 43
Rapid Productivity Growth 46
Appendix 1.1: Accounting for Growth 60
Appendix 1.2: What Do Tess of Cogniive Skills Show?- 70Notes 76
2 Public Policy and Growth 79
PolicyExplanations 81
The Functional Growth Framework 87
Notes 103
3 Macroeconomic Stabiity and Export Growth 105
Pragmatic Orthodoxy in Macroeconomic Management 106Creatng an Export PuLsh 123
Appendix 3.1: Economric and Political Timedines 148Notes 156
ix4 An Insitutional Basis for Shared Growth 157
Achicving Legitimacy through Sharcd Growth 158
Insulating the Economic Technocracy 167
Wooing Big Business 181
Notes 189
5 Strategies for Rapid Accumulation 191
Explaining EastAsia's High Human Capital Forrnation 192Explaining East Asia's High Savings Rates 203
Explaining East Asia's High Investment Rates 221
Appendix 5.1: Granger Causaliy Tests forSavings
Rates and Growth Rates 242
Appendix 5.2: Technical Note on the Relationship beweenInterest Rates and Growth 245
Notes 255
6 Using Resources Efficienty: Relying on
Madrets and Exports 259
Explaining EastAsiais Efficient Resource Use 259
Using the Marken Labor Markets in East Asia 261
Assisting the Markct Financial Markets and Allocation 273 Using the Internarional Market Trmde and Industrial Policy 292 How Manufactured Exports Increased Productiviy 316Appendix 6.1: Testing dhe Impact of Indusaial
Policy on Productivicy Change 326
Appendix 6.2: Tests of the Relationship berween TFPChange and Trade Policies 337
Notes 342
7 Polices and Pragmatism in a Changing World 347
Foundations of Rapid Growdh-Getting dhe
Fundamentals Right 347
Creating Institutions to Promote Growdi 352
Intervening in Markets 353
Note 368
Bibligraphic Note 369
The Research Team
T HIS POLICYRESEARCH REPORTWAS PREPARED BYATEAM LED by John Pagc and comprising Nancy Birdsall, Ed Campos, W Max Corden, Chang-Shik Kim, Howard Pack, Richard Sabot, Joseph E. Stiglitz, and Marilou Uy. Robert Cassen, William Easrerly, Robert Z. Lawrence, Petcr Petri, and L-nt Pritchett made major contri- butions. Lawrence MacDonald was the principal editor. Case studies of the seven devcloping high-performing Asian economies werc under- taken under the direction of Danny Leipziger. The tcam was assisted by Maria Ltiisa Cicogniani, Varuni Dayaratna, Leora Friedberg, Jay Gon- zalez, Jennifer Keller, May Khamis, Sonia Plaza, Myriam Quispe, Carol Strunk, and Ayako Yasuda. The work was initiated by Lawrence H. Summers and was carried our under the general direction of NancyBirisall.
The editorial-production team for the report was led by Alfred Imlhof The support staff was headed by Sushrma Rjan and included Milagros Divino, Jan-Marie Hopkins, Anna Marie Maranon, and Linda Oehler Polly Means gave graphical assistance. Bruce Ross-Larson and Meta dc Coquercaumont provided additional editorial support Thequotesdbs_dbs4.pdfusesText_7[PDF] Best Western PLUS Hôtel des Puys Accueil des groupes
[PDF] BEST WESTERN PLUS Paris Val de Bievre - France
[PDF] Best Western Queens Hotel Karlsruhe
[PDF] BEST WESTERN Raphael Hotel Altona
[PDF] Best Western Reservierung: 0800 21 25 888 (kostenfrei) Best
[PDF] Best Wishes - Anciens Et Réunions
[PDF] Best Wishes (French-Japanese) - Anciens Et Réunions
[PDF] Best Wishes (French-Korean) - Anciens Et Réunions
[PDF] Best-of partiel
[PDF] Best-of Pour 2011, Gimm Traiteur choisit l`innovation - France
[PDF] Best-Practice-Studie Intelligente Netze
[PDF] BEST-SELLER - Jean - Anciens Et Réunions
[PDF] best-seller - Stadelmann Verlag - France
[PDF] Best-seller chaudières - Électroménager