[PDF] SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR OPERATION GUIDE SCIENTIFIC





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SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR OPERATION GUIDE SCIENTIFIC

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SCIENTIFIC

CALCULATOR

OPERATION GUIDE

SCIENTIFIC

CALCULATOR

OPERATION GUIDE

1

CONTENTS

HOW TO OPERATE

R e a d B e f o r e U s i n g

Key layout/Reset switch2

Display pattern

3

Display format3

Exponent display4

Angular unit5

F u n c t i o n a n d K e y O p e r a t i o n

ON/OFF, entry correction keys6

Data entry keys7

Random key

Modify key

8

Basic arithmetic keys, parentheses10

Percent11

Inverse, square, cube, xth power of y,

square root, cube root, xth root of y12

10 to the power of x, common logarithm13

e to the power of x, natural logarithm14

Factorials15

Permutations, combinations16

Time calculation17

Fractional calculations18

Memory calculations19

Last answer memory20

Trigonometric functions21

Arc trigonometric functions22

Hyperbolic functions23

Coordinate conversion24

25

STATISTICS FUNCTION

Binary, pental, octal, decimal, and

hexadecimal operations (N-base)

Data input and correction26

"ANS" keys for 1-variable statistics27 "ANS" keys for 2-variable statistics31 9 2

How to Operate

2 n d f u n c t i o n k e y

Pressing this key will enable the functions

written in orange above the calculator buttons. O N C O F F k e y

Direct function

M o d e k e y

This calculator can operate in three different

modes as follows. E x a m p l e

Written in orange above

the ON/C key

1. KEY LAYOUT

If the calculator fails to operate normally,

press the reset switch on the back to reinitialise the unit. The display format and calculation mode will return to their initial settings. R E S E T

2. RESET SWITCH

Reset switch

R E S E T

2nd function

NOTE:

Pressing the reset switch

will erase any data stored in memory.

»Read Before Using»

This operation guide has been written based on the EL-531W, EL-509W, and EL-531WH models. Some functions described here are not featured on other models. In addition, key operations and symbols on the display may differ according to the model. •Mode = 0; normal mode for performing normal arithmetic and function calculations. N o r m a l m o d e •Mode = 1; STAT-0 mode for performing 1-variable statisti- cal calculations. S

TAT-0 mode]

•Mode = 1; STAT-1-6 mode for performing 2-variable statistical calculations. S

TAT-1-6 mode]

When changing to the statistical sub-mode, press the corresponding number key after performing the operation to select the statistics mode (press ).

(LINE):Linear regression calculation (QUAD):Quadratic regression calculation (EXP): Exponential regression calculation (LOG): Logarithmic regression calculation (PWR):Power regression calculation (INV): Inverse regression calculation 3 For convenient and easy operation, this model can be used in one of four display modes. The selected display status is shown in the upper part of the display (Format Indicator). Note: If more 0's (zeros) than needed are displayed when the ON/C key is pressed, check whether or not the calculator is set to a Special Display Format. •Floating decimal point format (no symbol is displayed) Valid values beyond the maximum range are displayed in the form of a [10-digit (mantissa) + 2-digit (exponent)] •Fixed decimal point format (FIX is displayed) Displays the fractional part of the calculation result according to the specified number of decimal places. •Scientific notation (SCI is displayed) Frequently used in science to handle extremely small or large numbers. •Engineering scientific notation (ENG is displayed) Convenient for converting between different units. (specifies normal mode) E x a m p l e

Let's compare the display result of

[10000 8.1 =] in each display format.

4. DISPLAY FORMAT AND

DECIMAL SETTING FUNCTION

3. DISPLAY PATTERN

Initial display

D E G

The actual display does not appear like this.

This illustration is for explanatory purposes only.

100008.1

(normal mode) D E G

Note: The calculator has two settings for displaying a floating point number: NORM1 (default setting) and NORM2. In each display setting, a number is automatically displayed in scientific notation outside a preset range:

• NORM1: 0.000000001 x 9999999999 • NORM2: 0.01 x 9999999999 (FIX mode TAB = 3) D E GFIX 4

5. EXPONENT DISPLAY

The distance from the earth to the sun is approx. 150,000,000 (1.5 x 10 8 ) km. Values such as this with many zeros are often used in scientific calculations, but entering the zeros one by one is a great deal of work and it's easy to make mistakes. In such a case, the numerical values are divided into mantissa and exponent portions, displayed and calculated. E x a m p l e >What is the number of electronics flowing in a conductor when the electrical charge across a given cross-section is 0.32 cou- lombs. (The charge on a single electron = 1.6 x 10 -19 coulombs). 0.32 D E G (SCI mode) S C IDEG X 1 0 (ENG mode) E N GDEG X 1 0 (normal mode) D E G 191.6
D E G X 1 0 D E G X 1 0 5 Angular values are converted from DEG to RAD to GRAD with each push of the DRG key. This function is used when doing calculations related to trigonometric functions or coordinate geometry conversions. (p/2) E x a m p l e

6. ANGULAR UNIT

(in DEG mode)

Operation

Display

90° (DEG) =

p/2 (RAD) =

100 (GRAD) =

p 2

The relationships between the three types

of angular units can be expressed as right:

Check to confirm 90 degrees equaling p/2 radians

equaling 100 grads. (p=3.14159...) 90
D E G R A D G R A D D E G

Angular indicator

Degrees (DEG is shown at the top of the display)

A commonly used unit of measure for angles. The angular measure of a circle is expressed as 360°.

Radians (RAD is shown at the top of the display)

Radians are different than degrees and express angles based on the circumfer- ence of a circle. 180° is equivalent to p radians. Therefore, the angular mea- sure of a circle is 2p radians.

Grads (GRAD is shown at the top of the display)

Grads are a unit of angular measure used in Europe, particularly in France. An angle of 90 degrees is equivalent to 100 grads. 6 Turns the calculator on or clears the data. It also clears the contents of the calculator display and voids any calculator command; however, coeffi- cients in 3-variable linear equations and statistics, as well as values stored in the independent memory in normal mode, are not erased.

Turns the calculator off.

Clears all internal values, including coefficients in 3-variable linear equations and statistics. Values stored in memory in normal mode are not erased. These arrow keys are useful for Multi-Line playback, which lets you scroll through calculation steps one by one. (refer to page 8) These keys are useful for editing equations. Thekey moves the cursor to the left, and thekey moves the cursor to the right. The key deletes the symbol/number at the cursor.

ON/OFF, Entry

Correction Keys

»Function and Key Operation»

key inserts the symbol/number at the cursor. 7

Data Entry Keys

Provided the earth is moving around the sun in a circular orbit, how many kilometers will it travel in a year? * The average distance between the earth and the sun being

1.496 x 10

8 km.

Circumference equals diameter x p; therefore,

1.496 x 10

8 x 2 x p

0 to 9

Pressing p automatically enters the value for p (3.14159...). The constant p, used frequently in function calculations, is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. E x a m p l e

Numeric keys for entering data values.

Decimal point key. Enters a decimal point.

Enters minus symbol or sign change key.

Changes positive numbers to negative and negative numbers to positive. Pressing this key switches to scientific notation data entry.

OperationDisplay

2 1 4968
D E G X 1 0 D E G 8

Random

Generates random numbers.

Random numbers are three-decimal-place values between 0.000 and 0.999. Using this function enables the user to obtain unbiased sampling data derived from random values generated by the calculator. E x a m p l e

APPLICATIONS:

Building sample sets for statistics or research.

0. *** (A random number has been generated.)

[Random Dice] To simulate a die-rolling, a random integer between 1 and 6 can be generated by pressing . To generate the next random dice number, press . [Random Coin] To simulate a coin flip, 0 (heads) or 1 (tails) can be randomly generated by pressing . To generate the next random coin number, press . [Random Integer] An integer between 0 and 99 can be generated randomly by pressing .

To generate the next random integer, press .

9

Function to round calculation results.

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