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1 May 2011

Volume 52

Number 9

Clinical Infectious Diseases

i 1 May News iii In the Literature

GUIDELINES

e162 Guidelines for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-related

Infections

Naomi P. O"Grady, Mary Alexander, Lillian A. Burns, E. Patchen Dellinger, Jeffery Garland, Stephen O. Heard, Pamela A. Lipsett, Henry Masur, Leonard A. Mermel, Michele L. Pearson, Issam I. Raad, Adrienne G. Randolph, Mark E. Rupp, Sanjay Saint, and the Healthcare Infection Control Practices

Advisory Committee (HICPAC)

ARTICLES AND COMMENTARIES1100 Evaluation of a PfHRP 2 and a pLDH-based Rapid Diagnostic Test for the Diagnosis of Severe Malaria in 2 Populations of African Children

Ilse C E. Hendriksen, George Mtove, Ali´nia Jose´Pedro, Ermelinda Gomes, Kamolrat Silamut, Sue J.

Lee, Abraham Mwambuli, Samwel Gesase, Hugh Reyburn, Nicholas PJ. Day, Nicholas J. White,

Lorenz von Seidlein, and Arjen M. Dondorp

This comparative study in 1898 children in 2 different African populationshows that a pfHRP2- based rapid diagnostic test is a reliable diagnostic for diagnosing severefalciparum malaria in

these settings and performs better than routine microscopy or a pLDH based test.1108 Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection in Hospitalized

Children with Peripherally Inserted Central Venous Catheters: Extending Risk Analyses Outside the Intensive Care Unit Sonali Advani, Nicholas G. Reich, Arnab Sengupta, Leslie Gosey, and Aaron M. Milstone We studied 1,819 children with 2,592 peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs). Independent predictors of CLABSI included prolonged catheter dwell time, pediatric ICU exposure, and administration of parenteral nutrition as indication for PICC insertion.

1116 Disease Transmission and Passenger Behaviors during a High

Morbidity Norovirus Outbreak on a Cruise Ship, January 2009 Mary E. Wikswo, Jennifer Cortes, Aron J. Hall, George Vaughan, Christopher Howard, Nicole

Gregoricus, and Elaine H. Cramer

Person-to-person transmission likely contributed to a high morbidity outbreak on a cruise ship in January 2009. Adjustments to outbreak reporting thresholds may be needed to account for

incomplete voluntary AGE reporting and more rapidly implement control measures.1123 High-frequency Triazole Resistance Found In Nonculturable

Aspergillus fumigatusfrom Lungs of Patients with Chronic Fungal

Disease

David W. Denning, Steven Park, Cornelia Lass-Florl, Marcin G. Fraczek, Marie Kirwan, Robin Gore, Jaclyn Smith, Ahmed Bueid, Caroline B. Moore, Paul Bowyer, and David S. Perlin Fungi are detectable in normal volunteers by molecular means, and therefore the lungs are not sterile from a fungal perspective. There is a highly variable range of fungal load in patients with allergic, chronic and invasive aspergillosis, which may have clinical consequences. Resistance to

azoles can be documented directly in clinical samples.On the cover: ''Syphilitic'', Etching, 1920, by Otto Dix

(German, 1891...1969) The Museum of Modern Art, NY. Art

Resource/New York, Reproduced with permission.

Otto Dix depicted an individual suffering from syphilis in a manner that conflated the source with the ravages of the disease. Half-nude sirens appear as blemishes on the surface of the victim's face. A German Expressionist artist,

Dix usually depicted humanity and suffering quite

negatively, reflecting the difficulties of his working classorigins and his later exposure to the horrors of WWI. He volunteered as a machinegunner during The Great War and in the autumn of 1915, was sent to the Western

Front.

After the war he studied at the academies of Dresden and Dusseldorf. Together with George Grosz, he was one of the leading exponents of the artistic movement,Die Neue Sachlichkeit(New Objectivity), a form of social realist art that unsentimentally examined the decadence and underlying social inequality of post-war German society. Dix was conscripted into the army during World War II and in 1945 was captured and put into a prisoner of war camp. After the war, he returned to Dresden, where his paintings became more spiritually introspective, reflecting his lifetime experiences. He died in 1969. (Mary & Michael Grizzard,

Cover Art Editors)Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/52/9/NP/321198 by guest on 17 October 2023

BRIEF REPORTS

1130 Antimicrobial and Antimotility Agent Use in

Persons with Shiga Toxin-Producing

Escherichia coliO157 Infection in FoodNet Sites

Jennifer M. Nelson, Patricia M. Griffin, Timothy F. Jones, Kirk E.

Smith, and Elaine Scallan

1133 Adult Survivors of Invasive Pneumococcal

Disease Exhibit Defective B Cell Function

Tom C. Darton, James B. Wing, Andrew Lees, Andrew W. Heath, and Robert C. Read

PHOTO QUIZ

1137 A 52-Year-Old Woman with a Subcapsular Liver

Hematoma

(Answer on pages 1195-1196)

INVITED ARTICLES

1138 ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

The Challenges of Antimicrobial Resistance in

Brazil

Fla´via Rossi

1144 IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS

The Diagnostic Value of Halo and Reversed

Halo Signs for Invasive Mold Infections in

Compromised Hosts

Sarah P. Georgiadou, Nikolaos V. Sipsas, Edith M. Marom, and

Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis

1156 REVIEWS OF ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS

Ceftaroline: A Novel Cephalosporin with

Activity against Methicillin-resistant

Staphylococcus aureus

Louis D. Saravolatz, Gary E. Stein, and Leonard B. Johnson

HIV/AIDS

1164 Evaluation of Liver Fibrosis: Concordance

Analysis between Noninvasive Scores (APRI and

FIB-4) Evolution and Predictors in a Cohort of

HIV-Infected Patients without Hepatitis C and

B Infection

Monia Mendeni, Emanuele Foca`, Daria Gotti, Nicoletta Ladisa, Gioacchino Angarano, Laura Albini, Filippo Castelnuovo, Giampiero

Carosi, Eugenia Quiros-Roldan, and Carlo Torti

A significant risk of liver fibrosis progression estimated through FIB-4 and APRI scores was found in HIV-positive patients negative for HCV-Ab and HBsAg. Importantly, this risk was counteracted by viro-immunological control induced by HAART and exacerbated by the dideoxynucleoside-analogue drugs.

1174 HAART and Progression to High-Grade Anal

Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Men Who Have Sex

with Men and Are Infected with HIV Alexandra de Pokomandy, Danielle Rouleau, George Ghattas, Helen

Trottier, Sylvie Ve

´zina, Pierre Cote´, John Macleod, Guy Allaire, Rachid Hadjeres, Eduardo L. Franco, and Francxois Coutle´e Anal infection with HPV16 and/or HPV18 and a low nadir CD4 count increased the risk of high-grade AIN in HIV-seropositive men having sex with men. Being on the same HAART for over 4 years may contribute some benefit against high-grade AIN.

1182Editorial Commentary: Anal Intraepithelial

Neoplasia in Men Living with HIV in the Era of

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy

Alberto Severini

1184 Does Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

Prophylaxis for HIV Induce Bacterial Resistance

to Other Antibiotic Classes?: Results of a Systematic Review Euphemia L. Sibanda, Ian V.D. Weller, James G. Hakim, and Frances

M. Cowan

A systematic review designed to explore whether cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for HIV increases bacterial resistance to other classes of antibiotics. There is suggestive evidence that cotrimoxazole protects against antibiotic resistance.

CORRESPONDENCE

1197 Factors Associated With the Occurrence of

Hearing Loss AfterPneumococcal Meningitis

Tasaduq Fazili and Lubna Wani

1197 Reply to Fazili and Wani

Lise Worsøe, Per Caye´-Thomasen, and Christian Østergaard

Andersen

ERRATA

1200 Mondy K et al (Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:378-386)

1200 Bonomo RA (Clin Infect Dis. 2011;

52(4):485:487)

1200 Solari L et al (Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52(5):

595-603)

1202 Berkley JA et al (Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49(3):

336-343)Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/52/9/NP/321198 by guest on 17 October 2023

1202 Lee YC et al (Clin Infect Dis. 2008;46(5):186-92)

1202 Williams EJ et al (Clin Infect Dis 2009;48

[suppl 2]:S114-22)ELECTRONIC ARTICLE e194 Why Do We Use 600 mg of Rifampicin in

Tuberculosis Treatment?

Jakko van Ingen, Rob E. Aarnoutse, Peter R. Donald, Andreas H. Diacon, Rodney Dawson, Georgette Plemper van Balen, Stephen H.

Gillespie, and Martin J. Boeree

The 600mg once daily dose of rifampicin in tuberculosis treatment was based on historical arguments concerning pharmacokinetics, toxicity and cost, that have been largely refuted. Hence, the clinical value of higher doses of rifampicin should be tested in clinical trials. The electronic article listed above is freely available in this issue of Clinical Infectious Diseasesonline(http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/

content/current).Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/52/9/NP/321198 by guest on 17 October 2023

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