The Earth-like Planet Gliese 581g
The Earth-like Planet Gliese 581g. One of the most important aspects to new planets is whether they are in a distance zone where water can remain a liquid
The habitability of super-Earths in Gliese 581
The planetary system around the M star Gliese 581 consists of a hot Neptune (Gl 581b) and Earth” planets in this system Gl 581c with a mass of 5.06 M?.
A PALETTE OF CLIMATES FOR GLIESE 581g
Dec 13 2010 Gliese 581g may be a rocky body without any significant atmosphere. If 581g is tide locked in a circular orbit
Habitable planets around the star Gliese 581?
low-mass stars. Recently two planets with minimum masses below 10 M? have been reported in a triple system around the M-type star Gliese 581.
THE LICK–CARNEGIE EXOPLANET SURVEY: A 3.1 M? PLANET
Oct 15 2010 We present 11 years of HIRES precision radial velocities (RVs) of the nearby M3V star Gliese 581
Habitability of the Goldilocks planet Gliese 581g: results from
super-Earth planets which appear to be more abundant than previously surmised. Key words. stars: individual: Gliese 581 – astrobiology. 1. Introduction. The
The Lick-Carnegie Exoplanet Survey: a 3.1 M? planet in the
Habitable Zone of the Nearby M3V Star Gliese 581. ?. Steven S. Vogt1 R. Paul Butler2
Gliese 581d: A Possibly Habitable Planet around a Red Dwarf Star
Gliese 581d is a terrestrial super-earth planet located on the inside edge of the habitable zone away from its parent star. If Mars would be that size in
The Lick-Carnegie Exoplanet Survey: A 3.1 M_Earth Planet in the
Sept 29 2010 Habitable Zone of the Nearby M3V Star Gliese 581 ... GJ 581f
GLIESE 581D IS THE FIRST DISCOVERED TERRESTRIAL-MASS
May 12 2011 GLIESE 581D IS THE FIRST DISCOVERED TERRESTRIAL-MASS EXOPLANET IN THE HABITABLE ZONE. ROBIN D. WORDSwORTH1
[PDF] Fiche à destination des enseignants 1°S 13 Exoplanète
Gliese 581d possède une atmosphère (A confirmer par le calcul du champ de pesanteur) REALISER Le calcul du champ de pesanteur : Expression littérale
Habitable planets around the star Gliese 581?
Recently two planets with minimum masses below 10 M? have been reported in a triple system around the M-type star Gliese 581 These planets are found at
The habitability of super-Earths in Gliese 581
The planetary system around the M star Gliese 581 consists of a hot Neptune (Gl 581b) and two super-Earths (Gl 581c and Gl 581d) The habitability of this
[PDF] The Earth-like Planet Gliese 581g - NASA Space Math
The Earth-like Planet Gliese 581g One of the most important aspects to new planets is whether they are in a distance zone where water can remain a liquid
(PDF) Habitable planets around the star Gliese 581? - ResearchGate
Using results from atmospheric models and constraints from the evolution of Venus and Mars we assess the habitability of planets Gl 581c and Gl 581d and we
The habitability of super-Earths in Gliese 581 - ResearchGate
PDF Aims: The planetary system around the M star Gliese 581 consists of a hot Neptune (Gl 581b) and two super-Earths (Gl 581c and Gl 581d) The
[PDF] Gliese 581c: ???? ????? ???? ??????
19 avr 2017 · 581g ?????? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? 581c ????? ??????? ????? ???? ? ??? ???? ??? 2010 ?? ???? ?????
[PDF] Impact Exchange Between Planets of Gliese 581 - Purdue University
Impact Exchange Between Planets of Gliese 581 L S Brock and H J Melosh Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science Purdue University INTRODUCTION
Gliese 581 - Wikipédia
Gliese 581 est une étoile naine rouge située dans la constellation de la Balance à 205 années-lumière du Système solaire Il s'agissait en janvier 2009
Dwarf Star
D. Schulze
Makuch (1), E.F. Guinan (2)
(1) Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA (dirksm@wsu.edu) (2) Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA (edward.guinan@villanova.edu)Abstract
Gliese 581d is a terrestrial super-earth planet, located on the inside edge of the habitable zone away from its parent star. If Mars would be that size in our Solar System, Mars would likely be a habitable planet in a traditional sense (stability of li quid water on its surface). The same is likely true for Gliese 581d, which makes it a promising candidate of the extrasolar planets detected so far to support life.Planets around red dwarf stars (dM) appear in
principle at least as suitable for the development of life as planets around dG stars.1. Introduction
Red dwarfs (dM) stars are the most common stars in the g alaxy. In the solar neighborhood, these cool, faint, low mass stars comprise over 75% of the stellar population. Because of their low luminosities (~0.02% - 6% of the Sun's luminosity), the circumstellar habitable zones (HZs) of dM stars are located within ~ 0.05 - 0.4 AU of the host star. The first planetary system with possibly habitable temperatures has been detected around Gliese 581 [3] elevating M star systems as prime targets for Earth- like planets [5].2. Life around Red Dwarf Stars
We consider the prospect of life on a planet, which is located in the habitable zone around a red dwarf (Fig.1), as moderately high based on
the longevity of these stars (>50 Gyr), their constant luminosities, and high space densities. However, young red dwarfs (ages < 2 Gyr) exhibit strong magnetic-dynamo generated coronal X-ray, transition region FarUltraviolet (FUV) and chromospheric FUV-UV
emissions, and frequent flares. But these types of radiation are easily filtered out by even a thinatmosphere and might be, at the level they would be experienced on a planetary surface, beneficial for
evolutionary innov ations. Moreover, because of their low temperatures (~2200 - 3800 K), dM stars (unlike hotter stars like our Sun at T ~5779 K) do not have significant photospheric Near UV (NUV) continuum radiation below about 3000A. A more serious concern is that many dM star HZ planets are likely to be tidally locked (with P rot = P orb ), probably do not possess large moons, and many may be too old to be enriched enough in metals to form a terrestrial type planet. Nevertheless, planets around older, less magnetically-active dM stars should be considered a prime target for possible life, and may also serve as a refuge for advanced, intelligent civilizations when their host star becomes inhabitable due to stellar evolution as our Earth will be in a few billion years from now.Fig. 1.
Red dwarf star (M-star) with a planet. Credit
to Scott Engle, "Living with a Red Dwarf Program",Villanova University. EPSC Abstracts
Vol. 5, EPSC2010-417, 2010
European Planetary Science Congress 2010
cAuthor(s) 2010
3. The Gliese 581 System
The Gliese 581 planetary system is at a distance of20.3 light years from Earth and hosted by a M3V star.
Four planets have been detected in the Gliese 581
system of which two may lay inside the habitable zone. Gliese 581c is a planet with about five to ten times the mass of Earth, and probably at least 1.5 times its radius. It just orbits inside the inner edge of the habitable zone close to its parent star [6]. Gliese581 c co
mpletes one orbit in only 13 days and may exhibit habitable conditions on its surface, though it more likely is subject to a runaway greenhouse effect as Venus is [7]Well outside the habitable zone are Gliese 581e
with an orbital period of 3.15 days and Gliese 581b with an orbital period of 5.4 days. Gliese 581e is the smallest planet of the system detected so far and has only a mass of about 1.9 -3.1 Earth masses.On the inside edge of the habitable zone away
from its parent star lies Gliese 581d, the most promising candidate of the Gliese 581 system to be habitable.4. Gliese 581d
Gliese 581d is a planet about 7-13 Earth masses and probably at least close to twice the radius of Earth. It is, like Mars, located at the edge of the habitable zone away from its parent star.Mars is considered to
be just outside of the habitable zone of our SolarSystem, but if Mars would be much heavier and had
a thicker atmosphere, liquid water would be stable on its surface and it would be considered habitable in a traditional sense. Given that Gliese 581d is about ten times the mass of Earth and assuming it has a similar composition to Earth or Mars we would expect continued volcanic activity and endogenic activity on this exoplanet, and with it the presence of a magnetic shield and protection from radiation, plus a much thicker atmosphere and with it the potential of surface oceans and possibly even life within these oceans. One of the next goals in explanet research should be to determine mean temperatures and pressures on Gliese 581d. This could be done by direct imaging and possibly by transit photometry viaTPF (Terrestrial Planet Finder), JWST (James Webb
Space Telescope), and Kepler, and inferred from
orbital and physical measurements (mass, radius, obliquity) by direct imaging, radial velocity, transit photometry and gravitational microlensing via SIM (Space Interferometry Mission) Lite, Kepler, andGaia. Ocean areas could possible be detected by
direct imaging via TPF and JWST and atmospheric composition being determined by direct imaging by transit photometry via TPF and JWST.5. Conclusions
The Gliese 581 system
is the most intriguing extrasolar planetary system detected so far and shows astrobiological promise for at least one (Gliese 581d), if not two, of its orbiting planets. We expect that M- star planets can be habitable in principle [4,5], and thus detecting planetary systems and identifying habitable planets around M-stars should be one of the priorities in future astrobiological investigations [1,2].References
[1] Jones, B.W.: Exoplanets - search methods, discoveries, and prospects for astrobiology, Int. J. of Astrobiology, Vol.7, 279-292, 2008.
[2] Méndez, A., Observational limits on habitability. Write- up sent as personal communication to first author, 2010. [3] Selsis, F., Kasting, J.F., Levrard, B., Paillet, J., Ribas, I, Delfosse, X.: Habitable planets around the star Gliese 581?,Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 476, p. 1373
1387, 2007.
[4] Schulze-Makuch, D, Irwin, L.N.: Life in the Universe:Expectations and Constraints, 2
nd edition, Springer, Berlin, 2008.[5] Tarter, J.C. and 32 co-authors: A reappraisal of the habitability of planets around M dwarf stars, Astrobiology,
Vol. 7, p. 30-65, 2007.
[6] von Bloh, W., Bounama, C., Cuntz, M., Franck, S.: The habitability of super-earths in Gliese 581, Astronomy &Astrophysics, Vol. 476, 1365
-1371, 2007. [7] Udry, S. and 10 co-authors.: The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets: XI super-earths in a 3-planet system. Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 469, p. L43-L47, 2007.quotesdbs_dbs43.pdfusesText_43
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