Suppression du Numerus Clausus et de la PACES
17-Dec-2018 de la concertation sociale de septembre-octobre 2017 (GT 9) . ... concours pour chacune des trois filières (numerus clausus).
NORDIC & EUROPEAN COMPANY LAW
Professor Isabelle Urbain-Parleani University of René Descartes Paris V
BULLETIN DINFORMATION ISPB
16-Feb-2017 Le numerus clausus en médecine augmente de 499 places dans 25 facultés en 2017. Deux semaines après l'annonce par Marisol Touraine de la hausse ...
Reform of the 3rd cycle in surgery training
was instituted in 2017 after eight years of preparation the numerus clausus)
Best practice: Medical training from an international perspective
05-Aug-2014 school) as determined by the numerus clausus. ... [Higher Education England] said that from 2017 and
Résultats PACES en 2018
Numerus Clausus (+étudiants hors 2017. 462% 24
Sages-femmes
31-Mar-2017 des candidat(e)s à l'élection présidentielle de 2017 afin que les femmes ... Statu quo du numerus clausus ... Université de PARIS DESCARTES.
EU Manual of Dental Practice 2015 Edition 5.1
numerus clausus (restriction) on the numbers. Despite the absence of a numerus clausus (by the Department ... Université Paris V (René Descartes).
God Save the Xenomorph Queen
2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Published 2017 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. the numerus clausus to the human species: since none can rob enslave
UNIVERSITE PARIS DIDEROT - PARIS 7 FACULTE DE
chirurgiens-dentistes. Il est maintenant de 1199 pour l'année 2016-17 (Journal Officiel 2017). Ce Numerus Clausus est à l'origine de la grande partie de
â•œUndemocraticâ•š Trusts and the Numerus Clausus Principle
NUMERUS CLAUSUS PRINCIPLE SHOULD APPLY TO EQUITABLE INTERESTS The numerus clausus principle is thought by some to have applied traditionally only to legal interests but not to equitable interests 12 Some have justified this dichotomy on the grounds that third parties deal only
What is the Descartes rule of signs?
Descartes rule of signs gives partial information. The rule says the number of real positive roots is less than or equal to the number of sign changes, in this case x 5 + x 3 ? 2 x + 1 two sign changes. We can find a bound on the number of negative roots: ( ? x) 5 + ( ? x) 3 ? 2 ( ? x) + 1 = ? x 5 ? x 3 + 2 x + 1 here just one sign change.
What is a Descartes number?
This number — 198,585,576,189 — was found in 1638 by Descartes, documented in his 15 November letter to Mersenne, and is known as a Descartes Number, or, as an 'odd spoof perfect number' (note that the spoof prime in question is 22021, i.e. 19(^2) (imes ) 61).
What is the numerus clausus of property rights?
M. Graziadei and L. Smith, eds., Comparative Property Law: Global Perspectives, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 2016 Maastricht University - Maastricht European Private Law Institute (M-EPLI) The numerus clausus of property rights is one of the fundamental principles of property law (Van Erp 2006a; Akkermans 2008).
Where did the numerus clausus principle come from?
The numerus clausus principle has its roots in Roman law. In German law the numerus clausus principle has a constitutional foundation and limits property rights in their number (Typenzwang) and content (Typenfixierung). Other European states show equal doctrines.
EU Manual of Dental Practice 2015
Edition 5.1
_______________________________________ __________ ______ __ __ __ 1Council of European Dentists
MANUAL OF DENTAL PRACTICE 2015
(Edition 5.1)Authors:
Dr Anthony S Kravitz OBE
andProfessor Alison Bullock
Professor Jon Cowpe
withMs Emma Barnes
Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom
© The Council of European Dentists
February 2015
EU Manual of Dental Practice 2015
Edition 5.1
__________________________________ _ _________ __ _ ____ _ 2EU Manual of Dental Practice 2015
Edition 5.1
_______________________________________ __________ ______ __ __ __ 3Preface
The revised EU Manual of Dental Practice (Edition 5) was commissioned by the Council of European Dentists1 in April 2013. The work has
been undertaken by Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom. Although the unit had editorial control over the content, most of the
changes were suggested and validated by the member associations of the Council.This edition (5.1) corrects a number of errors identified after publication. All data are as 2013 and have not been updated to 2015 data.
About the authors2
Dr Anthony Kravitz graduated in dentistry from the University of Manchester, England, in 1966. Following a short period working in a
relevant BDA committee. From 1996 until 2003 he was chairman of the Ethics and Quality Assurance Working Group of the then EU
Dental Liaison Committee.
General Dental Practice and the Faculty of Dental Surgery, at the Royal College of Surgeons of England.
He is an Honorary Research Fellow at the Cardiff University, Wales and his research interests include healthcare systems and the use of
Anthony was co-author (with Professor Elizabeth Treasure) of the third and fourth editions of the EU Manual of Dental Practice (2004 and
2009)President of the BDA from May 2004 until May 2005, he was awarded an honour (OBE) by Her Majesty The Queen in 2002.
Professor Alison Bullock: After gaining a PhD in 1988, Alison taught for a year before taking up a research post at the School of
Education, University of Birmingham in 1990. She was promoted to Reader in Medical and Dental Education in 2005 and served as co-
Director of Research for three years from October 2005.She took up her current post as Professor and Director of the Cardiff Unit for Research and Evaluation in Medical and Dental Education
(CUREMeDE) at Cardiff University in 2009. With a focus on the education and development of health professionals, her research interests
include: knowledge transfer and exchange; continuing professional development and impact on practice; workplace based learning.
She was President of the Education Research Group of the International Association of Dental Research (IADR) 2010-12.
Professor Jonathan Cowpe graduated in dentistry from the University of Manchester in 1975. Following training in Oral Surgery he was
appointed Senior Lecturer/Consultant in Oral Surgery at Dundee Dental School in 1985. He gained his PhD, on the application of
quantitative cyto-pathological techniques to the early diagnosis of oral malignancy, in 1984. He was appointed Senior Lecturer at the
University of Wales College of Medicine in 1992 and then to the Chair in Oral Surgery at Bristol Dental School in 1996. He was Head of
Bristol Dental School from 2001 to 20004.
He was Dean of the Faculty of Dental Surgery at the Royal College of Surgeons in Edinburgh from 2005 to 2008 and is Chair of the Joint
Committee for Postgraduate Training in Dentistry (JCPTD). He has been Director of Dental Postgraduate Education in Wales since 2009.
His particular interest now lies in the field of dental education. He was Co-ordinator for an EU six partner, 2-year project, DentCPD,
providing a dental CPD inventory, including core topics, CPD delivery guidelines, an e-learning module and guidelines (2010-12).
Ms Emma Barnes: After completing a degree in psychology and sociology, Emma taught psychology and research methods for health
and social care vocational courses, and later, to first year undergraduates. Following her MSc in Qualitative Research Methods she started
her research career as a Research Assistant in the Graduate School of Education at the University of Bristol, before moving to Cardiff
University in 2006, working firstly in the Department of Child Health and then the Department of Psychological Medicine and Clinical
Neurosciences.
In 2010 Emma joined Cardiff Unit for Research and Evaluation in Medical and Dental Education (CUREMeDE) as a Research Associate.
Working in close collaboration with the Wales Deanery, (School of Postgraduate Medical and Dental Education), her work focuses on
topics around continuing professional development for medical and dental health professionals, and knowledge transfer and exchange.
1 CED Brussels Office, Avenue de la Renaissance 1, B - 1000 Brussels, Tel: +32 - 2 736 34 29, Fax: +32 - 2 732 54 07
2 The authors may be contacted at AnthonyKravitz@gmail.com
EU Manual of Dental Practice 2015
Edition 5.1
__________________________________ _ _________ __ _ ____ _ 4Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express their thanks to the staff from all the dental associations of the EU for their contribution. They would also
like to acknowledge and thank:The dental associations of 34 countries
The dental councils of several countries
Nina Brandelet-Bernot , Sara Roda and the other Secretariat of the CEDRob Anderson (Cardiff University)
Professor Elizabeth Treasure (Cardiff University)
Ms Ulrike Matthesius (British Dental Association)
Dr Howard Davies (European University Association) Dr Nicolae Cazacu, (ex-Romanian College of Dentists)Dr A Goldstein (Monaco)
Dr Marino Bindi (San Marino)
Dr Vijay Kumar
Dr Susie Sanderson
In addition, the authors obtained information from the websites of the following organisations, without direct contact with them:
The Federation Dentaire Internationale (FDI)
The European Commission, including Eurostat
The World Health Organisation (WHO)
Union Bank of Switzerland (UBS)
The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)The Committee of European Dental Officers (CECDO)
The CIA Worldfactbook
The International Monetary Fund (IMF)
The World Bank
Deloitte
Price Waterhouse Cooper
Disclaimer
The Manual was originally sent for publication in February 2014 and then re-publication in February 2015: data may have subsequently
changed.EU Manual of Dental Practice 2015
Edition 5.1
_______________________________________ __________ ______ __ __ __ 5Contents
Preface ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3
Contents ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9
Background ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9
The scope and presentation of the review .................................................................................................................................................. 9
Information collection and validation ......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Romania .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Additional explanatory notes ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10
Definitions ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 10
Part 1: The European Union ........................................................................................................................................................................... 13
Membership of the EU .............................................................................................................................................................................. 13
Objectives of the EU ................................................................................................................................................................................. 13
National Parliaments ................................................................................................................................................................................. 14
The Economy of the EU ............................................................................................................................................................................ 14
Part 2: The Freedom of Movement and Acquired Rights ............................................................................................................................... 17
The Freedom of Movement ....................................................................................................................................................................... 17
Freedom of Movement and the Accession Countries ............................................................................................................................... 17
Freedom of Movement and family members ............................................................................................................................................ 18
Acquired Rights ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
Part 3: Directives involving the Dental Profession.......................................................................................................................................... 19
Recognition of Professional Qualifications ................................................................................................................................................ 19
System of automatic recognition of professional qualifications for dental practitioners ........................................................................... 19
General system for the recognition of professional qualifications ............................................................................................................ 22
Automatic recognition on the basis of common training principles .......................................................................................................... 22
Matters relating to sectoral and general system professions .................................................................................................................... 22
Data Protection ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
Consumer Liability ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
Misleading and Comparative Advertising .................................................................................................................................................. 24
Cosmetics Regulation ............................................................................................................................................................................... 24
Electronic Commerce ................................................................................................................................................................................ 24
Unfair Commercial Practices Directive ..................................................................................................................................................... 24
Medicinal Products and Medical Devices ................................................................................................................................................. 25
Directive on Prevention from Sharp Injuries in the Hospital and Healthcare Sector ................................................................................ 25
Part 4: Healthcare and Oral Healthcare Across the EU/EEA ......................................................................................................................... 27
Expenditure on Healthcare........................................................................................................................................................................ 27
Population Ratios ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 28
Entitlement and access to oral healthcare ................................................................................................................................................ 29
Financing of oral healthcare ...................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Frequency of attendance .......................................................................................................................................................................... 29
Health Data ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
Fluoridation ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 31
Part 5: The Education and Training of Dentists .............................................................................................................................................. 33
Dental Schools .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
Undergraduate education and training ...................................................................................................................................................... 34
Post-qualification education and training .................................................................................................................................................. 34
European Dental Education ...................................................................................................................................................................... 36
The Bologna Process ................................................................................................................................................................................ 36
Part 6: Qualification and Registration ............................................................................................................................................................. 37
Part 7: Dental Workforce ................................................................................................................................................................................ 39
Dentists ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 39
Specialists ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 42
Dental Auxiliaries ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 43
Continuing education for dental auxiliaries ............................................................................................................................................... 45
Numbers in the dental workforce .............................................................................................................................................................. 45
Numbers of dental auxiliaries .................................................................................................................................................................... 46
EU Manual of Dental Practice 2015
Edition 5.1
__________________________________ _ _________ __ _ ____ _ 6Part 8: Dental Practice in the EU .................................................................................................................................................................... 47
Liberal (General) Practice ......................................................................................................................................................................... 47
Public Dental Services .............................................................................................................................................................................. 48
Public Clinics ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 48
Hospital Dental Services ........................................................................................................................................................................... 49
Dentistry in the Universities....................................................................................................................................................................... 49
Dentistry in the Armed Forces .................................................................................................................................................................. 49
Illegal Practise of Dentistry........................................................................................................................................................................ 49
Part 9: Professional Matters .......................................................................................................................................................................... 51
Professional representation ...................................................................................................................................................................... 51
European dental organisations ................................................................................................................................................................. 52
Professional Ethics .................................................................................................................................................................................... 52
Standards and Monitoring ......................................................................................................................................................................... 53
Advertising ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 53
Websites ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 53
Data Protection ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 53
Indemnity Insurance .................................................................................................................................................................................. 53
Corporate Practice .................................................................................................................................................................................... 53
Tooth whitening ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 54
Health and Safety at Work ........................................................................................................................................................................ 54
Part 10: Financial Matters.............................................................................................................................................................................. 55
Retirement ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 55
Income Tax rates ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 56
VAT ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 56
Individual Country Sections ............................................................................................................................................................................ 57
Austria............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 59
Belgium ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 67
Bulgaria .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 77
Croatia ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 85
Cyprus ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 93
Czech Republic ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 101
Denmark ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 111
Estonia .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 119
Finland .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 127
France........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 137
Germany ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 149
Greece .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 165
Hungary ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 175
Iceland .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 185
Ireland ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 193
Italy ............................................................................................................................................................................................................... 205
Latvia ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 221
Liechtenstein ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 229
Lithuania ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 231
Luxembourg .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 241
Malta ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 247
Netherlands .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 255
Norway.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 265
Poland .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 275
Portugal ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 287
Romania ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 299
Slovakia ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 311
Slovenia ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 321
Spain............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 329
Sweden ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 339
Switzerland ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 349
The United Kingdom ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 357
Smaller Countries Associated with the EU: (Andorra, Monaco and San Marino) ....................................................................................... 377
EU Manual of Dental Practice 2015
Edition 5.1
_______________________________________ __________ ______ __ __ __ 7Annex 1 - Information collection and validation ............................................................................................................................................ 385
Annex 2 ± EU Institutions ............................................................................................................................................................................. 387
The European Parliament ....................................................................................................................................................................... 387
The European Council ............................................................................................................................................................................ 388
The Council ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 388
The European Commission..................................................................................................................................................................... 389
National Parliaments ............................................................................................................................................................................... 390
The Court of Justice (ECJ) of the European Union ................................................................................................................................ 390
The European Central Bank.................................................................................................................................................................... 391
The Court of Auditors .............................................................................................................................................................................. 391
The Economic and Social Committee (EESC) ........................................................................................................................................ 391
The Committee of the Regions ............................................................................................................................................................... 392
Other Institutions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 392
Annex 3 ± Acquired Rights; Freedom of Movement .................................................................................................................................... 393
Acquired Rights ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 393
Freedom of Movement for Family Members ........................................................................................................................................... 394
Annex 4 ± The four models of healthcare .................................................................................................................................................... 397
Annex 5 ± European Health Strategy ........................................................................................................................................................... 399
Annex 7 ± Data Protection............................................................................................................................................................................ 405
Annex 8 ± Tooth Whitening .......................................................................................................................................................................... 407
Annex 9 ± Code of Ethics for Dentists in the EU .......................................................................................................................................... 409
Annex 10 ± Code of Ethics for Dentists in the EU for Electronic Commerce ............................................................................................... 411
Annex 11 ± Patient Safety, Prevention of Risk and Environmental Concerns ............................................................................................. 413
Prevention of Healthcare Infections ........................................................................................................................................................ 413
Prevention of Sharps Injuries (Council Directive 2010/32/EU) ............................................................................................................... 414
Prevention from sharp injuries in the hospital and healthcare sector ..................................................................................................... 414
Regulation on European Standardisation ............................................................................................................................................... 416
Medical Devices ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 416
Commission Recommendation on Unique Device Identification ............................................................................................................ 416
Community Mercury Strategy and Related Ongoing Activities ............................................................................................................... 417
EU Waste Legislation (Directive 2008/98/EC) ........................................................................................................................................ 418
Annex 12 ± EU Charter for the Liberal Professions ..................................................................................................................................... 419
EU Manual of Dental Practice 2015
Edition 5.1
__________________________________ _ _________ __ _ ____ _ 8Tables and Charts
Table 1 - Patient re-examination periods .................................................................................................................................................. 29
Table 2 - Community fluoridation .............................................................................................................................................................. 31
Table 3 ± Dental schools, numbers of students and gender .................................................................................................................... 33
Table 4 ± Undergraduate Training greater than 5 years ........................................................................................................................... 34
Table 5 ± Post-Qualification Vocational Training ...................................................................................................................................... 34
Table 6 ± Continuing Professional Development (Education) .................................................................................................................. 35
Table 7 - Regulation of dentists (2013) ..................................................................................................................................................... 37
Table 8 - Numbers of dentists ................................................................................................................................................................... 39
Table 9 - Gender of dentists - percentage female .................................................................................................................................... 40
Table 10 ± Dentist unemployment in 2013 ............................................................................................................................................... 41
Table 11 - Types of specialties, and numbers in each ............................................................................................................................. 42
Table 12 - Types of auxiliary recognised in each country ......................................................................................................................... 44
Table 13 - Regulators of dental auxiliaries ................................................................................................................................................ 45
Table 14 ± The total workforce ................................................................................................................................................................. 45
Table 15 ± The numbers of dental auxiliaries ........................................................................................................................................... 46
Table 16 - Percentage of dentists who are practising in general practice ................................................................................................ 47
Table 17 ±Dentists working in public dental services ............................................................................................................................... 48
Table 18 - Countries without public clinics ................................................................................................................................................ 48
Table 19 - Membership of national dental associations ............................................................................................................................ 51
Table 20 ± Advertising not permitted ........................................................................................................................................................ 53
Table 21 ± Indemnity Insurance mandatory .............................................................................................................................................. 53
Table 22 ± Corporate practice permitted .................................................................................................................................................. 53
Table 23 ± Inoculation against Hepatitis B mandatory ............................................................................................................................. 54
Table 24 ± Mandatory continuing education relating to ionising radiation ................................................................................................ 54
Table 25 ± Amalgam separators mandatory ............................................................................................................................................. 54
Table 26 - Normal (state) retirement ages ................................................................................................................................................ 55
Table 27 - 7M[ UMPHV """""""""quotesdbs_dbs44.pdfusesText_44
[PDF] paces descartes difficile
[PDF] grafcet niveau 3
[PDF] grafcet verin simple effet
[PDF] grafcet fonctionnel
[PDF] grafcet technologique
[PDF] grafcet fonctionnel et opérationnel
[PDF] grafcet exemple d'application
[PDF] grafcet exemple pdf
[PDF] exercice grafcet simple corrigé
[PDF] grafcet perceuse avec sans débourrage
[PDF] grafcet perceuse automatique
[PDF] grafcet poste de perçage automatique
[PDF] correction grafcet poste de percage
[PDF] exemple grafcet avec temporisation
