[PDF] Introductory Fortran Programming





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Motivation

IntroductoryFortranProgramming

GunnarWollan

DepartmentofGeosciences

UniversityofOslo,N-0315Oslo,Norway

Spring2005

Motivation

Motivation

1Motivation

Motivation

AboutFortran77and95

Contents

FileI/O

Arraysandloops

Detailedexplanationofmodules

Computationaleciencyaspects

Usingmodulesasobjects

ThepromiseofFortran2003

Motivation

AboutFortran77and95

Requiredbackground

InterestinnumericalcomputingusingFortran

ofthecomputer

Motivation

AboutFortran77and95

AboutlearningFortran

Fortran95

youarefamiliarwiththedetails

Fourdayscanonlygetyoustarted

language havesomeknowledgeofit

Motivation

AboutFortran77and95

Teachingphilosophy

Intensivecourse

Lectures9-12

Hands-ontraining13-16

Learnformdissectingexamples

Getintouchwiththedirtywork

Getsomeoverviewofadvancestopics

Focusonprinciplesandgenericstrategies

Continuedlearningonindividualbasis

projects

Motivation

AboutFortran77and95

recommendedattidude

Diveintoexecutableexamples

Don'ttrytounderstandeverything

Trytoadaptexamplestonewproblems

Learnondemand

Keepacoolhead

willlast

Motivation

AboutFortran77and95

AboutFortran77and95

2AboutFortran77and95

AboutFortran77and95

IntrotoFortran77programming

Fortran77

dominatinglanguagefornumbercrunching earlyeighties. languagehasevolvedovertime. syntax

AboutFortran77and95

IntrotoFortran77programming

Fortran95

Fortran95extendsFortran77with

Nicersyntax,freeformatinsteadofxedformat

UserdeneddatatypesusingtheTYPEdeclaraion

declarations

Fortran77isasubsetoffortran95

AboutFortran77and95

IntrotoFortran77programming

Fortranversusotherlanguages

C++isasupersetofCandmorereliable

JavaissimplerandmorereliablethanC++

Pythonismorehigh-levelthanJava

AboutFortran77and95

IntrotoFortran77programming

SpeedofFortranversusotherlanguages

Fortran77isregardedasveryfast

Cyieldslightlyslowercode

C++andfortran95areslowerthanFortran77

Javaismuchslower

AboutFortran77and95

IntrotoFortran77programming

Someguidelines

functionswherespeediscritical e.g.Fortran,PythonandC++

Usethelanguagebestsuitedforyourproblem

AboutFortran77and95

IntrotoFortran77programming

IntrotoFortran77programming

3IntrotoFortran77programming

IntrotoFortran77programming

IntrotoFortran95programming

OurrstFortran77program

Implementation

Withoutdeclaringastring

Withstringdeclaration

IntrotoFortran77programming

IntrotoFortran95programming

Withoutdeclaringastringvariable

C234567

PROGRAMhw1

WRITE(*,*)'HelloWorld'

ENDPROGRAMhw1

IntrotoFortran77programming

IntrotoFortran95programming

Withdeclaringastringvariable

C234567

PROGRAMhw1

CHARACTER*11str

WRITE(*,*)str

ENDPROGRAMhw1

IntrotoFortran77programming

IntrotoFortran95programming

Somecommentstothe\HelloWorld"program

Fortran77usesxedformat

thecomputerwasbypunchedcards therestofthelineisacomment

Thecolumn7to72isforthesourcecode

Column73to80isforcomments

IntrotoFortran77programming

IntrotoFortran95programming

IntrotoFortran95programming

4IntrotoFortran95programming

IntrotoFortran95programming

CompilingandlinkingFortranprograms

ScienticHelloWorldinFortran95

Usage:

./hw12.3

Outputoftheprogramhw1

Hello,World!sin(2.3)=0.745705

Whattolearn

1Storetherstcommand-lineargumentina

oating-point variable

2Callthesinefunction

IntrotoFortran95programming

CompilingandlinkingFortranprograms

Thecode

PROGRAMhw1

IMPLICITNONE

DOUBLEPRECISION::r,s

CHARACTER(LEN=80)::argv!Inputargument

CALLgetarg(1,argv)!AC-function

r=a2d(argv)!Ourownasciito !double s=SIN(r)!TheintrinsicSINE !function

PRINT*,'HelloWordsin(',r,')=',s

ENDPROGRAMhw1

IntrotoFortran95programming

CompilingandlinkingFortranprograms

Dissection(1)

ContrarytoC++thecompilerdoesnotneedtosea

Onlyexternalfunctionsmustbedeclared

CommentsinFortran95arethe!onaline

ThecodeisfreeformatunlikeFortran77

IntrotoFortran95programming

CompilingandlinkingFortranprograms

Dissection(2)

PROGRAMprogram

nameandendswiththestatementEND withtheoptionalPROGRAMprogram name builtintransferofcommandlinearguments

IntrotoFortran95programming

CompilingandlinkingFortranprograms

Dissection(2)

FloatingpointvariablesinFortran

1REAL:singleprecision

2DOUBLEPRECISION:doubleprecision

havetowritethisoneyourself aspecicdeclaration

IntrotoFortran95programming

CompilingandlinkingFortranprograms

Aninteractiveversion

fromthecommandline

READ(*,*)r

s=SIN(r) !etc.

IntrotoFortran95programming

CompilingandlinkingFortranprograms

ScienticHelloWorldinFortran77

C234567

PROGRAMhw1

REAL*8r,s

CHARACTER*80argv

CALLgetarg(1,argv)

r=a2d(argv)quotesdbs_dbs3.pdfusesText_6
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