[PDF] Citric acid production on three cellulosic supports in solid state

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AdvsncesinSolidStsteFermentation

Citricacidproductiononthreecellulosic

supports insolidstatefermentation

M.RAIMBAULT2

CNPQ,UniversidadeFederal

doParana,CaixaPostal19011,CEP81531-970

Curitiba,Parana,Brasil

2Laboratorie

FranceSUMMARY

selectedforfurtherstudies ofcitric 8Cid substratethanvegetablesponge were13.64glI<>Ogdriedsubstrateand41.78 %,respectivelywiththeuseofcassava bagasse.Studies moisturecontent,initial was280 g/kgdry substrate,starchutilization 449

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RESUME

supportsceUulosiques.

RAIMBAULTM.

d'entre produitsagro-industrielsen solide. productionont ontétélessuivantes: d'aération

280g1kgdesubstratsecaprès120hde

consommés). productiondel'alpha-amylase aucoursdelafermentationenmilieusolide. fermentation,cinétiquefermentaire.

INTRODUCTION

toobserve thepresence greatnumber 450

AdvancesinSolidStateFermentation

industries.Increasingamounts than300,000tons ofAspergillusniger.Citricacidis

85%ofthe

weight of5-to14-dayat25to33"C alternativewithgoodyield,withtheuse ofspecificstrainsandthenatureofthe et al.,1987;BangandWoodames,1984,1986).

Theobjectives

(Manihot strains

MATERIALANDMETHODS

MICROORGANISMS

werecultivatedonagar andtransferredinto20 ofsporespermLwas 451

AdvancesinSolidStateFermentation

STRAINSSELECTION

wasprepared containing

0.23.ThepHofthemediumwasadjustedto1.6-2.2with1 NHCIsolution.After

contain107spores

10days.

PREPARATIONOFSUPPORTS

Solidmaterialswerewashed,driedinanoyenat60°Candsievedtoobtain8 -20 solutioncontaining(g

1L)NH4N03,4.46;KH2P04,0.20;MgS04.7H20,

used,themediumwassupplementedwithsucrose (70gIL).Forcassavabagasse,

SOLlD-STATEFERMENTATION

spores arate describedabove aerationrate,temperature

ANALYSES

iodine-ioduremethod(Thivend method estimatedby elsewhere(Soccol,1992). 452

AdvancesinSoNdStateFermentation

RESULTSANDDISCUSSION

SELECTIONOFASPERGILLUSNIGERSTRAINS

21producedthehighestquantityof

--0-:LPB21 :LPB28 III ,S ...Cl···:LPB32 iil :4 0 u :=l

··_IiiJ···:LPB70

:l __"_1 :LPB99 ,',:1 U

Time(days)

Fig.1 -Comparisonofcitricacidproductionbyseveralstrainsof

Aspergillusnigerinsubmergedfermentation.

SUPPORTCHARACTERISTICS

highcontent supplemented insucrose. 453

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Vegetable11.540.333.250.75

spongc

Sugareane7.721.245.750.25

bagasse

Cassava14.041.724.0746.5041.55

bagasse were13.64gllOOgdrycassava bagasseand41.78 %,respectively. Table2 -Solid-statefermentationindifferentcellulosicsupport. (g

Vegetalsponge4.8559.098.21

Sugarcanebagasse5.6460.169.34

Cassavabagasse13.6432.6641.78

cassavabagasse, 454

AdvancesinSo/idStateFermentation

forsolidstatefermentation(Lonsane etal,1992;Pandey,1992).Consequently,the effect withanincreaseininitialmoisturecontent ofthemediumupto50%(Table3). acidproduction byAspergillusnigerLPB21.

MoistureCitrieacidprodueed

(%)(g1100gdriedsupport)

4516.35

5027.25

5525.32

6022.15

6519.39

Sugareonsumed

(g

1100gdriedsupport)

36.92
40.10
36.83
39.63
37.19
Yield 44.28
67.96
68.75
55.89
52.14
Initialsugar:46.5g1100gdriedsupport,Yield: gcitrieacidprodueed1gsugar eonsumed. ofcitricacid(272glkg

EFFECTOFINITIALpH

ofcitricacidby

SSFusingdifferentpHvalues.Verylowvalues

ofpH(1.0)reducestheproduction ofcitricacidandthemaximum lICidwas246glkgdried differentauthors(Meers etal,1991;Muller,1981). 455

AdvancesinSolidStateFermentation

A.nigerLPB21oncassavabagasse.

pHCitrieacidproductionSugareonsumedYield

118.1228.3263.98

224.6434.5471.45

321.9334.1964.14

eonsumed

AERATIONEFFECT

effectareshowninTable faHincitricacid production.

21incassavabagasse.

CitrieaeidprodueedSugareonsumedYield

(mUminleolumn)

4013.6038.3635.45

5025.4236.1370.36

6027.1237.5472.24

7019.4537.5151.85

8017.3232.6153.11

eonsumed 456

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TEMPERATUREEFFECT

citricacidoccurredat26°C(Table6).

21incassavabagasse.

TemperaturesCitricacidSugarconsumedYield

production(glIOOgdriedsupport)(%) (glIOOgdriedsupport)

2415.6437.8141.36

26

28.4537.6675.54

2823.9136.8864.83

3020.8035.9757.83

3219.7337.6751.96

sugar

KINETICSOFCITRICACIDPRODUCTION

duringfermentation.Theproduction ofcitricacidstartsintheinitialperiodof 48
point(201.34glkg concentrationincitricacidreachesavalue of280glkgdrierlcassavabagasse,which correpondstoayield

72hisassociatedwithhigherconsumption

ofstarchinthesameperiod(Fig.2A). pHisgradually 457

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frrst24hoursand loss tilization.

500-300

A 400

III····

lIIlI fi··

200lIIl

lIIlI lIIl 300-
1 i :1 li r 200-
Il Il 1 100
u 100-
0 0 0

50100 150

Time(h)

458

AdvancesinSolidStateFermentation

........3 ...200- ..2 !150- '1• t. .100-...- f 1 .1 S 50-'"

···_IIUI.II.lle

00 0

50100 150

Time(h)

69-12
C 68-10
e······...... e······ ...67- _...•.. 8 1: 66-6
1 lM la 65-4
i 2 630
0

50100 150

Time(h)

459

AdvancesinSolidStateFermentation

A:Starchutilization.B :ChangesinpHandalpha-amylaselevels.C :Changesin

CONCLUSIONS

statefermentationbasedontheuse ofcassavabagasseasasubstrate.TIte consumOO.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

CNPqandCAPES.

REFERENCES

Dubois,

Colorimetriemethodfordetermination

ofsugarsandre1atedsubstances.Anal.

Chem.,

28:350-356.

Hang, acidbysolidstatefermentation ofKiwifruitpeel.J.FoodSei.,52:226-227. Hang, Y.D.andWoodams,E.E.1984.Applepomace: Apotentialsubstratefor Hang, of 460

AdvancesinSolidStateFermentation

utilizando

Federal

doParana,Curitiba,Brasil,115p.

Lockwood,L.B.

York.

M.M.1992.

ProcessBiochem.,27:

259-273.

Marier,

J.DairySei.,41:1683-1692.

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