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HISTORY AND

SOCIAL SCIENCE

FRAMEWORK

Grades Pre-Kindergarten to 12

Massachusetts

Curriculum

Framework - 2018

This document was prepared by the Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education Board of Elementary and Secondary Education Members

Mr. Paul Sagan, Chair, Cambridge

Mr. James Morton, Vice Chair, Boston

Ms. Katherine Craven, Brookline

Dr. Edward Doherty, Hyde Park

Ms. Amanda Fernandez, Belmont

Ms. Margaret McKenna, Boston Mr. Michael Moriarty, Holyoke

Mr. James Peyser, Secretary of Education, Milton

Ms. Mary Ann Stewart, Lexington

Dr. Martin West, Newton

Ms. Hannah Trimarchi, Chair, Student Advisory

Council, Marblehead

Jeffrey C. Riley, Commissioner and Secretary to the Board

The Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education, an affirmative action employer, is

committed to ensuring that all of its programs and facilities are accessible to all members of the public. We do

not discriminate on the basis of age, color, disability, national origin, race, religion, sex, or sexual orientation.

Inquiries regarding the Department's compliance with Title IX and other ci vil rights laws may be directed to the Human Resources Director, 75 Pleasant St., Malden, MA, 02148, 781-338-6105. © 2018 Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education.

Permission is hereby granted to copy any or all parts of this document for non-commercial educational

purposes. Please credit the "Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education." Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education

75 Pleasant Street, Malden, MA 02148-4906

Phone 781-338-3000 TTY: N.E.T. Relay 800-439-2370

www.doe.mass.edu

Massachusetts Department of

Elementary and Secondary Education

75 Pleasant Street, Malden, Massachusetts 02148

-4906 Telephone: (781) 338-3000

TTY: N.E.T. Relay 1-800-439-2370

Jeffrey C. Riley

Commissioner

Dear Colleagues:

I am pleased to present to you the 2018

Massachusetts History and Social Science Curriculum Framework, which was adopted by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education on June 26, 2018. This Framework is built upon the foundation of the 2003 and 1997 Massachusetts History and Social

Science Curriculum Frameworks. Based in research on effective practice, it represents the contributions

of members of the History and Social Science Curriculum Framework Review Panel, scholars who served as Content Advisors, and the more than 700 individuals and organizations who provided comments

during the public comment period in early 2018. This revision of the Framework retains the strengths of

the previous frameworks and includes these improved features: increased emphasis on civics at all grade levels, including a new grade 8 course on civics; inclusion of standards that reflect the diversity of the United States and world cultures, with particular attention to the contributions of women and men of all ethnicities and backgrounds in the United States and the connections among world cultures; new Standards for History and Social Science Practice and questions to guide inquiry; stronger attention to the intersection of history, social science, and literacy instruction, through the inclusion of literacy standards for history and social science; expanded examples of primary sources representing significant texts, maps, photographs, and works of art and architecture in United States and world history; new standards for financial literacy and news/media literacy.

A companion document,

Resources for History and Social Science, contains annotated lists of recommended websites, Massachusetts and New England museums, archives, and historic sites, and important civic holidays and commemorations. A section of the Resource Guide also documents actions taken to promote civic education by the Massachusetts Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, the Massachusetts Board of Higher Education, and the Legislature, 2011 -2018.

We hope

that the Framework will be a resource of lasting value for schools and districts. Thank you

again for your ongoing support and for your commitment to a rich and broad curriculum for all students.

Sincerely,

Jeffrey C. Riley

Commissioner of Elementary an

d Secondary Education Massachusetts Curriculum Framework for History and Social Science 4

Table of Contents

A cknowledgements ........................................................................ ............................................................... 6

Vision and Introduction: Building on a Strong Foundation..................................................................................9

A Renewed Mission: Education for Civic Life in a Democracy .................................................................... 12

G uiding Principles ....................................... 13

The Scope, Sequence, and Content of the Grades and Courses ................................................................. 17

The Organization of the Standards and Appendices ........................................................................

.......... 20

A Guide to Reading the Introductory Page for Each Grade or Course.............................................................21

S tandards

Standards for History and Social

Science Practice, Pre

I ntroduction to the Elementary Grades:

Flexible Options for Teaching History and Social Science................................................................................26

Pre-Kindergarten Content and Literacy Standards ........................................................................

............. 27

Kindergarten Content and Literacy Standards ........................................................................

.................... 32

Grade 1 Content and Literacy Standards ........................................................................

............................ 38

Grade 2 Content and Literacy Standards ........................................................................

............................ 45

Grade 3 Content and Literacy Standards ........................................................................

............................ 52

Grade 4 Content and Literacy Standards ........................................................................

............................ 61

Grade 5 Content and Literacy Standards ........................................................................

............................ 71 I ntroduction to the Middle Grades:

Flexible Options for Teaching History and Social Science..................................................................................83

Grade 6 Content Standards........................................................................ ............................................... ..85 Grade 7 Content Standards........................................................................ ................................................. 95 Grade 8 Content Standards........................................................................ ............................................... 104

Grades 6-8 Literacy Standards for History and Social Science ................................................................ 113

I ntroduction to the High School Grades:

Flexible Options for Teaching History and Social Science................................................................................117

United States History I ........................................................................ ...................................................... 120

United

States History II ........................................................................ .................................................... .12ϵ W

orld History I.....................................................................................................................................................139

World History II ........................................................................ ................................................................. 148 E lectives

United States Government and Politics Elective ........................................................................

.............. 162 Economics Elective ........................................................................ ............................................................ 169

Standards for Personal Financial Literacy..........................................................................................................173

Standards for News/Media Literacy...................................................................................................................176

Grad

es 9-10 and 11-12 Literacy Standards for History and Social Science ............................................. 180

Massachusetts Curriculum Framework for

History and Social Science 5

Appendices

A. Application of the Standards for English Learners and Students with B. History and Social Science Inquiry: Designing Questions and

C. Selecting and Using Primary Sources ........................................................................................... 198

D. Key and Suggested Annotated Primary and Secondary Sources for United States History and

Civics

Note: There is a companion document to this Framework. Resources for History and Social Science: Supplement to the 2018 Massachusetts

History and Social Science Curriculum Framework

Massachusetts Curriculum Framework for History and Social Science 6

Acknowledgements

Massachusetts Curriculum Framework for History and Social Science Review Panel 2017 2018
*Antonio Arvelo, Humanities Teacher, Margarita

Muñiz Academy, Boston Public Schools

Kathleen Babini, Social Studies Curriculum

Coordinator, Plymouth Public Schools (Retired)

Laura Baker, Professor of History and History

Education, Fitchburg State University

Debra Block, Consultant, English Language Arts

and History/Social

Studies

Adrian

ne Billingham Bock, Social Studies

Program Coordinator

, grades K-12, Andover

Public Schools

*Kelley Brown, Social Studies Department Head and Professional Development Coordinator,

Easthampton High School

Richard Cairn,

Emerging America Progr

am

Director, Collaborative for Educational Services

Kathleen Conole

(Retired) Director of Curriculum and Instruction, Greater Lowell Technical High

School

*Casey Cullen, History Teacher, Westborough

High School

Jack Cutone,

Professor of Economics,

Quinsigamond Community College

Roger Desrosiers, Massachusetts State

Coordinator, We the People Program of the

Center for Civic Education

Vernon Domingo, Professor of Geography,

Bridgewater State University

Louise Dube,

Executive Director, iCivics

*Kerry Dunne, Middle and High School History

Teacher and Department Head, Weston Public

Schools

*Laura Edouard, Vice Principal and History

Teacher, City on a Hill Charter School

Patricia Fontaine, Professor of History

Education, UMass Lowell

*Linda Forte, Teacher, Midland Street

Elementary School, Worcester Public Schools

L'Merchie Frazier, Director of Education and

Interpretation, Museum of African American

History, Boston and Nantucket

Anastasia Gogol, Associate Director, Discovering

Justice

*William Golen,

Social Studies Curriculum

Coordinator, Williams Middle School,

Longmeadow Public Schools Jason Hilton, Social Studies Teacher, Wachusett

Regional High School

*Christopher Hoeh,

Second Grade Teacher,

Cambridge Friends School

*Laura Hubert, Teacher and Coach, Berkowitz

Elementary School, Chelsea Public Schools

*Adam Ingano, History and Social Studies

Coordinator, grades 6-12, Westford Public

Schools

Frances Jones-Sneed, Professor of History,

Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts

Colleen Kelly,

History and Social Science Liaison,

Worcester Public Schools

*Angela Lee, History Teacher, Weston High

School

Gorman Lee,

Director of Social Studies, Braintree

Public Schools

Susan Majka,

Director of Social Studies,

Springfield Public Schools

Rashaun

Martin, Social Studies and World

Languages Supervisor, Haverhill Public Schools

Christopher Martell, Professor and Social Studies

Education Program Director, Boston University

*Anthony Mathieu, Social Studies Teacher,

Boston Latin Academy, Boston Public Schools

Eileen McQuaid,

Associate Principal of

Curriculum and Instruction, Brockton Public

Schools

Michelle Morrissey,

Director of Instruction in

Humanities and World Languages, Boston

Collegiate Charter School

*Justin Norton, Eighth Grade Humanities

Teacher, Boston Latin Academy, Boston Public

Schools

*Matthew Oosting,

History Teacher, North

Reading Public Schools

*Robert Powers,

History and Social Science

Director

, Plymouth Public Schools *Debra Price, Teacher, Harvard-Kent Elementary

School, Boston Public Schools

José Reyes, Supervisor of Humanities 6-12,

Marlborough Public Schools

Siobhan Ryan, Director of School Improvement

and Leadership Services, Fall River Public Schools

Massachusetts Curriculum Framework for

History and Social Science 7

Roberta Schaefer, Founder, Worcester Regional

Research Bureau; Lecturer/Visiting Assistant

Professor, Political Science; former member of

the Board of Elementary and Secondary

Education

Natacha Scott, Director of History and Social

Studies, Boston Public Schools

Cedric Woods, Director, University of

Massachusetts Boston Institute for New England

Native American Studies

*PK -12 Teachers

Content Advisors

Brad Austin, Professor, Salem State University

(United States history)

Tim Bailey, Director of Education, the Gilder

Lehrman Institute of American History

(United

States History)

Craig Benjamin, Professor, Grand Valley State

University, Michigan (world history)

Rosemary Blanchard,

Chair, Human Rights

Education Community of the National Council for

the Social Studies and Co-Vice-Chair, Human

Rights Educators

USA (human rights)

Maureen Costello,

Teaching Tolerance

Director,

Southern Poverty Law Center (African American

history)

Robert Forrant, Professor, University of

Massachusetts, Lowell (industrial history)

Debra Fowler, Co-Executive Director, History

Unerased, Inc.,

former teacher, Lowell High

School (LGBTQ

+ history)

Janet Furey, teacher, Weston Public Schools,

R etired, standards writer (elementary curriculum, technology)

Robert Furey, History and Social Science

Department Head, Concord-Carlisle Regional

School, Retired (Civics, United States History)

Nitana Greendeer, Education Director, Mashpee

Wampanoag (Massachusetts Native Peoples

history)

William R. Keylor,

Professor, Boston University

(modern United States and international history)

Priya Lal, Associate Professor, Boston College

(African and world history) Cris Martin, Outreach Director of the Davis Center for Russian and

Eurasian Studies, Harvard

University (Russian and Eurasian history) Members of The Massachusetts State Student Advisory Council Civic Education and

Engagement Workgroup 2017-2018

Chris Bezdedeanu, Workgroup Chair, Brian

Anastasio, Workgroup Communications

Coordinator

, Hannah Trimarchi, Council

Chairwoman, Litzy Rodriguez, Council Vice Chair,

Shreya Nair, Council Communications

Coordinator

, Adam Cavanaugh, Jennie Chang,

Dylan Gordon

, Frederick Hanna, Jack Hurd,

Megan Jens, Diana Kulmizev, Brandon Scott,

Daphney Sully

Miriam Morgenstern

, Co-Executive Director,

History Unerased, Inc.,

former teacher, Lowell

High School (LGBTQ+ and women's history)

Barbara Petzen, Director of Training Initiatives,

Abshire-Inamori Leadership Academy Center for

Strategic and International Studies (Middle

Eastern history)

Hilda Ramirez,

Assistant Director, Latino

Education Institute, Worcester State University

Laurel Thatcher Ulrich,

300
th

Anniversary

University Professor, Harvard University (Colonial

American history, United States history to 1870,

women, religion)

Graham Warder, Associate Professor, Keene

State College, New Hampshire (United States

history)

Kirsten Weld, John L. Loeb Associate Professor of

the Social Sciences, Department of History,

Harvard University (South, Central American,

Caribbean, and

United States history)

Cedric Woods, Director, University of

Massachusetts Boston Institute for New England

Native American Studies (Native Peoples of the

Americas)

External Partner

Jill Norton, Abt Associates

Massachusetts Executive Office of

Education

B Kim, Policy Analyst

Tom Moreau,

Assistant Secretary of

Education

Massachusetts Department of Higher

Education

Robert J. Awkward, Director of Learning

Outcomes Assessment

Massachusetts Curriculum Framework for

History and Social Science 8

Patricia Marshall, Deputy Commissioner for

Academic Affairs and Student Success

John Reiff, Director of Student Learning and

Engagement

Arlene Rodriguez, Senior Advisor, Division of

Academic Affairs and Student Success

Massachusetts Department of Early

Education and Care

Julie Casper, graduate research fellow, Society

for Research in Child Development

Massachusetts Department of

Elementary and Secondary Education

Jeffrey Wulfson, Deputy Commissioner

Heather Peske, Senior Associate Commissioner,

C enter for Instructional Support

Center for Instructional Support

Rachel Bradshaw, Manager, Instructional Policy

Dineen Caselli, Administrative Officer

Alexia Cribbs, Management Analyst II

Lisa Keenan, Management Analyst III

Kenneth Klau

, Director of Instructional Policy

Ronald Noble, Associate Commissioner

Office of Educator Effectiveness

Matthew Holloway,

Educator Effectiveness

Coordinator

Office of Language Acquisition and Achievement

Fernanda Kray,

ELL Professional Development

Curriculum Coordinator

Office of Literacy and Humanities

David Buchanan, Consultant, Co-Lead Writer

Michelle Ryan

, History and Social Science

Content Support Lead

Susan Wheltle,

Consultant, Co-Lead Writer

Center for Educational Options

Cliff Chuang, Senior Associate Commissioner

Office of Adult and

Community Learning Services

Olivia C. Steele, Team Leader

Olympia Stroud, High School Equivalency

Program Coordinator

Office of Charter Schools and School Redesign

Alison Bagg, Director

Office of College, Career and Technical Education

Jennifer Appleyard

, Early Warning Specialist

Nyal Fuentes, Education Specialist

Office of Student and Family Support

Rachelle Engler Bennett, Associate Commissioner

Mary Jane Crotty, Educational Specialist

Jane Haltiwanger, Early Learning Specialist

Kristen McKinnon

, SL Specialist

Emily Taylor, Early Learning Specialist

Donna Traynham, Education Specialist

Center for District Support

Office of Approved Special Education Schools

Michelle Hennessy-Kowalchek, Public School

Monitoring

Office of

Special Education Planning and Policy

Amanda Greene, Secondary Transition

Coordinator

Elizabeth Kelliher, Assistant Director

Holly -Anne Neal, IEP Revision Coordinator

Teri Valentine, Director

Lauren Viviani, Early Childhood Special

Education Manager

Center for Student Assessment Services

Michol Stapel, Associate Commissioner

Office of Test Development

Catherine Bowler, MCAS Test Development

Director

Amy Carithers, Administrator for ELA Test

Development

Jennifer Malonson

, Middle School ELA Test

Development

Greg Tobey, Elementary School ELA Test

Development

The authors and contributors to the 1997 and

2003 editions of the

Massachusetts History

and Social Science Curriculum Framework Massachusetts Curriculum Framework for History and Social Science 9

Vision

All Massachusetts students

will be educated in the histories of the Commonwealth, the United States,

and the world. They will be prepared to make informed civic choices and assume their responsibility for

strengthening equality, justice, and liberty in and beyond the United States.

Introduction:

Building on a Strong Foundation

The Framework in the Historical Context of Massachusetts Education

Reform

The Massachusetts Education Reform Act of 1993 directed the state Board and Commissioner of Elementary and Secondary Education to develop academic standards in core subjects setting forth the

"skills, competencies and knowledge" that students should possess at each grade or cluster of grades,

with high expectations for student performance. 1 As to the core subject of history and social science, the law directs that The standards shall provide for instruction in at least the major principles of the Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, and the Federalist Papers. They shall be designed to inculcate respect for the cultural, ethnic, and racial diversity of the Commonwealth and for the contributions made by diversequotesdbs_dbs8.pdfusesText_14

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