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UNIVERSITY

OFFLORIDA

LIBRARIES

COLLEGELIBRARY

DigitizedbytheInternetArchive

in2011withfundingfrom

LYRASISMembersandSloanFoundation

THE

Didascalicon

OFHUGH

OFST.VICTOR

NUMBERLXIV

RECORDSOFCIVILIZATION

SOURCESANDSTUDIES

THE

Didascalicon

OFHUGH

OFST.VICTOR

AMEDIEVALGUIDE

TOTHEARTS

TRANSLATEDFROMTHELATIN

WITHANINTRODUCTION

ANDNOTESBY

JEROMETAYLOR

COLUMBIAUNIVERSITYPRESS

NEWYORKANDLONDON

1961

Frontispiece:

CONVENTIONALIZEDREPRESENTATIONOF

HUGHOFSAINTVICTOR

PrintedinTheNetherlands

RECORDSOFCIVILIZATION

SOURCESANDSTUDIES

GENERALEDITOR

JACQUESBARZUN

SethLowProfessorofHistory

EDITORSEMERITI

JAMEST.SHOTWELL

AUSTINP.EVANS

ProfessorEmeritusofHistory

|EDITOR:EUROPEANRECORDS

JOHNH.MUNDY

AssociateProfessorofHistory

I editors:orientalrecords

C.MARTINWILBUR

ProfessorofChineseHistory

WM.THEODOREDEBARY

ProfessorofChineseandJapanese

consultingeditors

SALOW.BARON

ProfessorofJewishHistory,Literature,

andInstitutionsontheMillerFoundation

GILBERTHIGHET

DONALDKEENE

ProfessorofJapanese

PAULO.KRISTELLER

ProfessorofPhilosophy

GARRETTMATTINGLY

specialeditorforthisvolume

AUSTINP.EVANS

TO

THEODORESILVERSTEIN"

FOREWORD

dicatedinthefootnotes. Augustine,Jerome,andGregorytheGreat - phraseswhich, xJEROMETAYLOR ScipionisofCicero - relationshipswhichrevealnotmerelyHugh's reportedbyHughinBookin,chapterii. soul"(n.iv.n.25-29).

FOREWORDxi

Didascalicon.

xiiJEROMETAYLOR onthesecondsyllable.

TheUniversityofNotreDamejerometaylor

December28,19;

9

CONTENTS

FOREWORDIX

INTRODUCTION3

THEDIDASCALICON

PREFACE43

BOOKONE46

BOOKTWO6l

BOOKTHREE83

BOOKFOURI02

BOOKFIVEI20

BOOKSIX135

APPENDICES152

ABBREVIATIONS157

NOTES158

BIBLIOGRAPHY229

INDEX237

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

disciplinesandinSacredScripture.

4JEROMETAYLOR

manwasmade.

INTRODUCTION5

Hugh - amostimportantapproachandonewhich,iffollowed themiddleages.10

6JEROMETAYLOR

INTRODUCTION7

pointofview.16 ororiginalabouttheDidascalicon.^ workwillbediscussedfirst.BecauseBooksiv,v,andvi - and withtheartsandphilosophia - arebestdiscussedwithreference ofartsanddisciplines - theoretical,practical,mechanical,and

8JEROMETAYLOR

divinelyordainedrestoration,ofman. ofman.

INTRODUCTION9

summarizedasfollows includesthefirstandaddssenseperception - itisfoundinanimals;the thirdincludesthefirsttwoandaddsreason - itisfoundexclusivelyinman, theexistingindividualareidentical - suchaloneistheBegetterandArtificer byanextrinsicprinciple - suchaloneisnature,thetwofoldcharacterof nature - sucharethecorporealbeings,or"worksofnature,"begottenupon Fortherearethreeworks - theworkofGod,whichistocreatenature;the ioJEROMETAYLOR mentcanbeexpressedinthreepropositions manypartsastherearetypesofhumanaction. physicalexistence. maybesimilarlyaccountedfor.

INTRODUCTIONn

changelessinGod."32

12JEROMETAYLOR

hebegantostriveforhisliberation - toavoidhisevilsandobtainhisgoods. AndsoarosethepursuitofthatWisdomwearerequiredtoseek - apursuit called"philosophy" - sothatknowledgeoftruthmightenlightenour

INTRODUCTION13

perfectibilityofman - aconcernwhichdominatesthewholeof histheology.37 Chartrians - inChalcidius'stranslationofandcommentaryon i4JEROMETAYLOR makesmenwise,andthisWisdomisGod - theWisdombegotten ousiai - the"essences"or"substances"ofallthings.40Accord- rationalcreature - angelsandthemindofprelapsarianman,who

INTRODUCTION15

ineffect,convertiblewithreligion - anequivalenceexplicitly arts,hesays 1 6

JEROMETAYLOR

ofHugh'sstatementquotedjustabove: eloquencewithoutwisdomnotonlyisnothelpful - itisharmful;eloquence

INTRODUCTIONi7

artsitsmere"menials."59 agreementonthemeaningofaword - "philosophy": 1 8

JEROMETAYLOR

availseitherlittleornothing."" things - thingswithoutrelevanceforsalvation"" - onethinks scripturalwisdom

7omoreprofound,finally,thanAdelardof

prison-houseofthebody71 - Hughpresentsphilosophyasthe

INTRODUCTIONi9

hereceivesabundantlyineternity. oranotherovercreation.

2oJEROMETAYLOR

Hughandthe"LiberHermetis"author.78

INTRODUCTION21

falsehoodunderneath.84 originandcontinuingexistenceoftheworld inshiftingthingsabout.86 thispromisingbeginningtheycometoabadend

22JEROMETAYLOR

ofthem.87 aboutthingsofwhichtheyareignorant."89 man - andthesephilosopherssoughthimintheoutsideworld!90 Intheartsofthetriviumandquadrivium - wherevertheywere orasthefinalendofman - Hughconcedesthattheancients consummationoftruth.91

INTRODUCTION23

proofofingenuity.

24JEROMETAYLOR

reachesofthecosmos. genesisofthecosmos - fromBernardofChartres,whobecame creatingOne99 - Hughbegins,inhisveryopeningwords,to defined.102

INTRODUCTION25

inthetwelfthcentury.111

26JEROMETAYLOR

Butbyalltheseterms - "entelechy,"the"sameanddiverse" metreix - Hughintendsnotthe"animamundi"butthehuman ofsensoryandintellectualcognition.114

INTRODUCTION27

concludedtobeHugh's.117

28JEROMETAYLOR

Didascalicon.

INTRODUCTION29

fromtheEtymologiaeofIsidore.131 christianaingreaterdetail.

obligationtoconstructwithinhisownsoulthe"areaSapientiae" - adwellingplaceforthedivineWisdom.132Theresultofthe

3oJEROMETAYLOR

theDedoctrinaChristiana.1^

INTRODUCTION3i

classifiesthus:

I.Knowledgeofthingsmenhaveinstituted:

stitiouspractices.

B.Amongthemselves

sculpture,fiction. managementofsociety.

A.Pertainingtothesenses

i.History.

2.Naturalhistory.

3.Astronomy.

4.Usefulcorporealarts

adish. government. wrestling.

B.Pertainingtothereason:

2.Eloquence.

sounds,andmotions.143

32JEROMETAYLOR

thoughtnecessary.

INTRODUCTION35

meaning.159

34JEROMETAYLOR

work. theoneWisdom,theonephilosophy. evidencesandsobecamefools

INTRODUCTION35

theylackedthelessonsofgrace.168 "lowerwisdom" - theartsofthetrivium,thequadrivium,and physics - neededfortheinterpretationofScripture.Forthe mystied),leadtovirtue.172 3 6

JEROMETAYLOR

halfoftheDidascalicon. divinarumetsaeculariumlectionum.

INTRODUCTION37

relicshavingbeenbroughtfromMarseilles.

38JEROMETAYLOR

extant.179 Christianperfection - thevitaapostolicaetcanonicaprimitivae ecclesiae - formerlyconfinedtothemonasteries.181Tothisaim

INTRODUCTION39

hiswork.

DIDASCALICON

OntheStudyofReading

byHughofSaintVictor

PREFACE

will.

44HUGHOFST.VICTOR

yettogrowdullinidleness.3 principallytwo - namely,readingandmeditation.Ofthese,

DIDASCALICON:PREFACE45

secondparttoocomestoaclose.

BOOKONE

ChapterOne:ConcerningtheOriginoftheArts

theirimagedlikeness.

DIDASCALICON:BOOKONE47

Liquidwithmoisture,airwithourbreath.11

allyandpotentially.15 blessed.18

48HUGHOFST.VICTOR

unchangeablesubstance."20 purechastityofaction."21 lineofprogression."22

FactthatManAloneisEndowedwithReason

DIDASCALICON:BOOKONE49

thepowerofmindandreason. noknowledgeofit.

5oHUGHOFST.VICTOR

andevenforwhatpurpose. objectexistsasitdoes. action."24

DIDASCALICON:BOOKONE51

allthings,humananddivine.27 theirexemplar,whichisnature. andtheMechanical

52HUGHOFST.VICTOR

justsaid,letmemorefullyexplain. Inmanaretwothings - thegoodandtheevil,hisnatureand entiretask - therestorationofournatureandtheremovalof ourdeficiency. things - inknowledgeandinvirtue,andintheseliesoursole part - thatpartwhich,tostatethecasemoreclearly,heinfact is*2Inhisotherpart,however - thatpartwhichistransitory togivecredittoanythingbuttheirsenses33 - heissubjectto beginningandend,andthesearetemporal.35 ofnature.

DIDASCALICON:BOOKONE53

cause - thistypeofbeing,Isay,isnature,whichincludesthe beencalleddivine.43 objects.44

54HUGHOFST.VICTOR

itcame. worldorinfemum.56 tobecherishedandconserved.

ChapterBight:InWhatManIslikeuntoGod

DIDASCALICON:BOOKONE55

virtue.FormanresemblesGodinbeingwiseandjust - though, (scientia).51 kinds - intotheoretical,thatistosayspeculative,andpractical,

ChapterNine:ConcerningtheThreeWorks

"Nowtherearethreeworks - theworkofGod,theworkof tohisstature,63bringforththegreenherb.

56HUGHOFST.VICTOR

attheartificeraswell.

ChapterTen:What"Nature"Is

DIDASCALICON:BOOKONE57

cansay. senses,givingeachitsowndefinition.68 thatwhichgivestoeachthingitsbeing." firetoburn,andofwatertowet." symbolofaetherealfire,says

Ofalltruegodsthefatherandwombinone!74

ChapterEleven:ConcerningtheOriginofLogic

58HUGHOFST.VICTOR

theimperishabletruthofthings.

DIDASCALICON:BOOKONE59

inthedisciplineoflogicbegan - thatdisciplinewhichprovides bychance,partlybynature - correctingwhatwasbadinuse, usage.77

6oHUGHOFST.VICTOR

it.78 understandthatnumber"four"belongingtothesoul - that intheiroaths,whenceweread:

BOOKTWO

goinginusbutstandingchangelessinGod.3 disciplines"4 - that,namelytowardwhichallartsanddisci-

62HUGHOFST.VICTOR

inlogic. insomeway.11 3 ;the physics - adivisionwhichBoethiusmakesindifferentterms,

ChapterTwo:ConcerningTheology

DIDASCALICON:BOOKTWO63

creatures."16

ChapterThree:ConcerningMathematics

"instructional"science.18 reasoningalone"19 - aseparationwhichitreceivesonlyinthe studyofthingsintellectible."20

64HUGHOFSTVICTOR

becalledsimple. timeintellectibleandintelligible - intellectibleinbeingby- substance. properlyspeaking,tothebody.28

DIDASCALICON:BOOKTWO65

toitsdifferentpowers. body. things - whichdemanditssupervisionandwhicharesym- dimensionallyafterthemannerofbody - isdissipatedincount- lessactions.31

66HUGHOFST.VICTOR

bytheProphet,saying laborandsorrow.33 divisible,ordissoluble.36 edgeofthesoleprinciplesofthings - namely,ofGod,ofideas,

DIDASCALICON:BOOKTWO67

fromwithout.37

ChapterSix:ConcerningtheQuadrivium^

this - thatallthingshavebeenformedinitslikeness.41

ChapterEight:ConcerningtheTerm"Music"

moisture.42

68HUGHOFST.VICTOR

andallbodieswhatever.

ChapterTen:ConcerningtheTerm"Astronomy"

takesitsfromthephrase"discourseconcerningthestars" - for part.45

ChapterEleven:ConcerningArithmetic

andincomposite.46

DIDASCALICON:BOOKTWO69

ChapterTwelve:ConcerningMusic41

summer,autumn,andwinter). whichitgrows - apowerbelongingtoallbeingsborntobodilyquotesdbs_dbs45.pdfusesText_45

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