ARM Instruction Set
the instruction stream will be decoded as ARM or THUMB instructions. Figure 4-2: Branch and Exchange instructions. 4.3.1 Instruction cycle times.
Arm Custom Instructions: Enabling Innovation and Greater Flexibility
Decoding logic is automatically configured to decode your custom instructions and control your custom datapath. On top of the decoder the CPU resolves all
ARM and Thumb Instruction Encodings
1 summarizes the bit encodings for the 32-bit ARM instruction set architecture ARMv6. This table is useful if you need to decode an ARM instruction by hand. We'
Introduction à lassembleur ARM: variables et accès mémoire
Que fait le microprocesseur? 1. Lire: aller chercher la prochaine instruction. 2. Décode: décode l'instruction (détermine ce qu'il y
The ARM Instruction Set
PC points to the instruction being fetched. FETCH. DECODE. EXECUTE. Instruction fetched from memory. Decoding of registers used in instruction. Register(s)
The ARM Instruction Set Architecture
22 août 2008 points to the instruction being fetched. 14. 8/22/2008. FETCH. DECODE. EXECUTE. Instruction fetched from memory.
Guaranteeing the Correctness of MC for ARM
Interpret instruction assembly. ? Disassemble. ? output instruction assembly. ? We will not be testing the interface between LLVM and MC. decode. LLVM.
Etapes dexécution des instructions
Décodage. •. Lecture éventuelle des autres mots d'instruction (selon le format) ARM 7 3 niveaux (lecture d'instruction
Profile Guided Selection of ARM and Thumb Instructions
sor is added to the instruction decode stage. The decompressor is designed to translate a Thumb instruction into an equivalent ARM instruction.
Parallelism and the ARM Instruction Set Architecture
2 juil. 2005 instruction classes a load-store architecture
EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
TheARMInstructionSetArchitecture
MarkMcDermott
WithhelpfromourgoodfriendsatARM
Fall2008
8/22/2008
EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
Mostinstructionsexecuteinasinglecycle.
Aload/storearchitecture
•Threeoperandformat modes. •32bitand8bitdatatypesInstructionsetextensionviacoprocessors
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EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
Coprocessors
3 -Upto16coprocessorscanbedefined -ExpandstheARMinstructionset -LoadͲstorearchitectureEE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
ThumbThumbisa16Ͳbitinstructionset
-OptimizedforcodedensityfromCcode -ImprovedperformanceformnarrowmemoryCorehastwoexecutionstates-ARMandThumb
-SwitchbetweenthemusingBXinstructionThumbhascharacteristicfeatures:
aresultofthedenseencoding. 4EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
executed)ARMArchitectureVersion4addsaseventhmode:
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EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
The -1dedicatedprogramcounter -1dedicatedcurrentprogramstatusregister -5dedicatedsavedprogramstatusregisters -30generalpurposeregisters modecanaccess -aparticularsetofr0Ͳr12registers -r15(theprogramcounter) -cpsr(thecurrentprogramstatusregister)Andprivilegedmodescanalsoaccess
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EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
r0r1r2r3r4r5r6r7r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr) r15 (pc) cpsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsrFIQIRQSVCUndefAbortUser Mode r0r1r2r3r4r5r6r7r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr) r15 (pc) cpsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsrCurrent Visible Registers
Banked out Registers
FIQIRQSVCUndefAbort
r0r1r2r3r4r5r6r7 r15 (pc) cpsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsrCurrent Visible Registers
Banked out Registers
UserIRQSVCUndefAbort
r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr)FIQ ModeIRQ Mode
r0r1r2r3r4r5r6r7r8r9 r10r11r12 r15 (pc) cpsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsrCurrent Visible Registers
Banked out Registers
UserFIQSVCUndefAbort
r13 (sp) r14 (lr)Undef Mode
r0r1r2r3r4r5r6r7r8r9 r10r11r12 r15 (pc) cpsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsrCurrent Visible Registers
Banked out Registers
UserFIQIRQSVCAbort
r13 (sp) r14 (lr)SVC Mode
r0r1r2r3r4r5r6r7r8r9 r10r11r12 r15 (pc) cpsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsrCurrent Visible Registers
Banked out Registers
UserFIQIRQUndefAbort
r13 (sp) r14 (lr)Abort Mode
r0r1r2r3r4r5r6r7r8r9 r10r11r12 r15 (pc) cpsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsrCurrent Visible Registers
Banked out Registers
UserFIQIRQSVCUndef
r13 (sp) r14 (lr) TheARMRegisterSet
78/22/2008
EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
RegisterOrganizationSummary
88/22/2008
User mode r0-r7, r15, and cpsr r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsrFIQ r8r9 r10r11r12 r13 (sp) r14 (lr) r15 (pc) cpsr r0r1r2r3r4r5r6r7 User r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr IRQ User mode r0-r12, r15, and cpsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr Undef User mode r0-r12, r15, and cpsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr SVC User mode r0-r12, r15, and cpsr r13 (sp) r14 (lr) spsr Abort User mode r0-r12, r15, and cpsrThumb state
Low registers
Thumb state
High registers
Note: System mode uses the User mode register set
EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
-MostinstructionsalsoallowuseofthePC.98/22/2008
EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
TheProgramStatusRegisters(CPSRandSPSRs)
108/22/2008
CopiesoftheALUstatusflags(latchedifthe
instructionhasthe"S"bitset).N=NegativeresultfromALUflag.
Z=ZeroresultfromALUflag.
C =ALUoperationCarriedoutI=1,disablestheIRQ.
F=1,disablestheFIQ.
TBit(Architecturev4Tonly)
T=0,ProcessorinARMstate
ModeNZCV
2831840
I F T
ModeBits
M [4:0]definetheprocessormode.EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
Logical
InstructionArithmeticInstruction
FlagNegative NomeaningBit31oftheresulthasbeenset
(N='1')Indicatesanegativenumberin signedoperations (Z='1') CarryAfterShiftoperation Resultwasgreaterthan32bits (C='1')'1'wasleftincarryflag oVerflow NomeaningResultwasgreaterthan31bits (V='1')Indicatesapossiblecorruptionof the signbitinsigned numbersConditionFlags
118/22/2008
EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
The -Allinstructionsare32bitsinlength -Allinstructionsmustbewordaligned calculatedfromthePC.Thustoreturnfromalinkedbranch:
MOVr15,r14
orMOVpc,lr
128/22/2008
EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
Exception
-CopiesCPSRintoSPSR_Toreturn,exceptionhandlerneedsto:
-RestoreCPSRfromSPSR_138/22/2008
EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
The flow ofinstructionstotheprocessor. serially. pointstotheinstructionbeingfetched.148/22/2008
FETCHDECODE
EXECUTE
Instruction fetched from memory
Decoding of registers used in instruction
Register(s) read from Register Bank
Shift and ALU operation
Write register(s) back to Register BankPC
PC - 4
PC - 8
EE382N-4 Embedded Systems Architecture
PipelinechangesforARM9TDMI
Instruction
FetchShift + ALU
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