[PDF] Integrating OpenLDAP and Samba Active Directory in Univention





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Integrating OpenLDAP and Samba Active Directory in Univention

24 août 2017 » Obstacle II: Differing LDAP server implementations metadata etc. Page 7. 7 www.univention.com. OpenLDAP Replication in ...



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Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

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OpenLDAP Software 2.4 Administrators Guide

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Note technique Recommandations de sécurité relatives à Active

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Which directory

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  • Provider Configuration - Replication User

    Both replication strategies will need a replication user, as well as updates to the ACLs and limits regarding this user. To create the replication user, save the following contents to a file called replicator.ldif: Then add it with ldapadd: Now set a password for it with ldappasswd: The next step is to give this replication user the correct privile...

  • Provider Configuration - Standard Replication

    The remaining configuration for the provider using standard replication is to add the syncprov overlay on top of the dc=example,dc=comdatabase. Create a file called provider_simple_sync.ldifwith this content: Add the new content: The Provider is now configured.

  • Consumer Configuration - Standard Replication

    Install the software by going through the installation steps. Make sure schemas and the database suffix are the same, and enable TLS. Create an LDIF file with the following contents and name it consumer_simple_sync.ldif: Ensure the following attributes have the correct values: 1. provider: Provider server’s hostname – ldap01.example.comin this exam...

  • Provider Configuration - Delta Replication

    The remaining provider configuration for delta replication is: 1. Create a new database called accesslog 2. Add the syncprov overlay on top of the accesslog and dc=example,dc=comdatabases 3. Add the accesslog overlay on top of the dc=example,dc=comdatabase

  • Consumer Configuration

    Install the software by going through the installation steps. Make sure schemas and the database suffix are the same, and enable TLS. Create an LDIF file with the following contents and name it consumer_sync.ldif: Ensure the following attributes have the correct values: 1. provider: Provider server’s hostname – ldap01.example.comin this example – o...

  • Testing

    Once replication starts, you can monitor it by running: On both the provider and the consumer. Once the contextCSNvalue for both match, both trees are in sync. Every time a change is done in the provider, this value will change and so should the one in the consumer(s). If your connection is slow and/or your LDAP database large, it might take a whil...

What is a replicated directory in OpenLDAP?

Replicated directories are a fundamental requirement for delivering a resilient enterprise deployment. OpenLDAPhas various configuration options for creating a replicated directory. In previous releases, replication was discussed in terms of a masterserver and some number of slaveservers.

How does LDAP replication work?

This is done through LDAP replication. Replication is achieved via the Sync replication engine, syncrepl. This allows changes to be synchronised using a Consumer - Provider model. A detailed description of this replication mechanism can be found in the OpenLDAP administrator’s guide and in its defining RFC 4533.

Can OpenLDAP multi-master replication be split-brain?

OpenLDAP Multi-Master Replication is for high availability, not load balancing. If a split-brain is possible, consider the mirror mode architecture described in the OpenLDAP Administrator’s Guide. A split-brain is where two or more nodes of a cluster are operating independently, which can cause the cluster data to become corrupt or out of sync.

What is LDAP syncrepl?

18.1.1. LDAP Sync Replication The LDAP SyncReplication engine, syncreplfor short, is a consumer-side replication engine that enables the consumer LDAPserver to maintain a shadow copy of a DITfragment. A syncrepl engine resides at the consumer and executes as one of the slapd(8) threads.

Integrating OpenLDAP and Samba Active

Directory in Univention Corporate Server

LDAPCon 2017

Arvid Requate

Univention GmbH

www.univention.comAgenda

1.Introduction: Whom I work for

2.OpenLDAP and Active Directory in Univention Corporate Server (UCS)

3.LDAP Synchronization

4.Solved Challenges

5.Future direction

3 www.univention.comUnivention GmbH »Producer of the enterprise Linux distribution Univention Corporate Server (UCS)

»Identity and Access Management

»Founded in 2002, oiÌifiÌices in Bremen, Berlin and Seattle

»45 employees

4 www.univention.comInstallation Footprints »One customer with 30M authentication / email accounts »One customer with 70k Samba / Active Directory accounts, not all users in generic groups like Domain Users »Another with 30k Samba / Active Directory accounts »Down to small to medium size business customers 5 www.univention.comUnivention Corporate Server (UCS)

»Debian based Linux distribution with

Microsoft-like domain concept,

100% open source (AGPL v3)

»Web-based management interface

»HTTP- and Python-API

»Main backend: OpenLDAP

»Samba Active Directory Services for

Microsoft Windows Clients & Servers

»A lot of third party services

6 www.univention.comUCS & Active Directory Services

»Active Directory Domain Control

and Services for Windows Clients

»LDAP Service with AD semantics

on port 389

»Obstacle I: Difffering LDAP Schemata

OpenLDAP vs Active Directory

»Obstacle II: Difffering LDAP server

implementations, metadata etc. 7 www.univention.comOpenLDAP Replication in UCS

»Single-master conifiguration

»Replication via custom "listener/notiifier"

mechanism (C + Python modules)

»Custom "translog" OpenLDAP overlay

a bit like the accesslog overlay

»Selective replication via ACLs

»Port 7389 / 7636 only

if Samba/AD is present 8 www.univention.comSamba 4 / Microsoft Active Directory Replication (DRS)

»Multi-master operation

»Replication between Domain Controllers

via Microsoft DRS protocol

»Full mesh or structured into "sites"

»Flexible Single Master Operation roles:

»Master for Account-IDs (RID pools)

»Schema master

»Not much support for selective replication

9 www.univention.comBridging the worlds: Univention S4 Connector

»Originally implemented to replicate user and

group objects between pre-existing native

Microsoft Active Directory (AD) Domains and

UCS / OpenLDAP

»Re-invented to synchronize Samba/AD with

OpenLDAP inside of a UCS domain controller

(including Kerberos hashes) 10 www.univention.comBridging the worlds: Univention S4 Connector Sync Service provided by single UCS Samba/AD DCOpenLDAPS4-

Connector-

DaemonWeb/

Python

API

ListenerSamba

Directory

LDAP-

InterfaceLDAPI

11 www.univention.comBridging the worlds: Univention S4 Connector »Single point of transition between single-master OpenLDAP and multi-master Samba / Active Directory »In specialized products (UCS@school) we use OpenLDAP as information bus between separate Active Directory Controllers, using OpenLDAP ACLs to implement selective replication 12 www.univention.comBridging the worlds: Univention S4 Connector S4 OLS4

OLOther UCS Hosts

OL UCS Listener/Notifier ReplicationActive Directory DRS Replication

UCS DC

MasterUCS DC

Slave 13 www.univention.comUpdate tracking: Active Directory

»Active Directory:

»State based replication, not difff based

»Each Domain Controller maintains

per change uSNChanged attribute (update sequence number) »per attribute version numbers, timestamps and USNs in replPropertyMetadata »plus Linked Value Replication (LVR), e.g. for member/memberOf:

»msDS-ReplValueMetaData

14 www.univention.comUpdate tracking: OpenLDAP

»OpenLDAP:

»per object entryCSN

»Optional: accesslog difffs (e.g. for delta-syncrepl)

»No attribute level metadata

»Some applications using OpenLDAP implement their own attribute timestamps

»shadowLastChange

»sambaPwdLastSet

»krb5KeyVersionNumber

15 www.univention.comUCS LDAP Replication »Univention speciific addon: Translog overlay for OpenLDAP: »Logging per change Notiifier-ID (like uSNChanged) »Listener process reacts on changes, calls Python modules for replication »Listener cache (LMDB, hurray!) - passes cached and current LDAP object state

»attribute level difff

»One of the consumer modules: "S4-Connector"

»S4-Connector translates schema diffferences, values, positions, ... »Difffs Samba/AD object against changed OpenLDAP attributes → ldapmodify Samba/AD 16 www.univention.comS4-Connector replication: ping pong »Bidirectional synchronization: Asynchronous polling of both sides »Notiifier-IDs change → Sync to Samba/AD »highestCommittedUSN change → Sync to OpenLDAP

»Eventual convergence

»Ok: Several "trivial" issues and corner cases to work around, like schema mapping, value marshalling, group membership replication, Deleted Objects 17 www.univention.comExample: S4-Connector replication concurrency conlflict

1) Windows Admin running GUI tool working on Samba/AD

2) Click → Write to Samba/AD

3) S4-Connector sync to OpenLDAP

4) Race condition:

» S4-Connector detects change in OpenLDAP

→ Sync back to Samba/AD

»User clicks again → Write to Samba/AD

18 www.univention.comFixing S4-Connector replication concurrency »Active Directory Replication (DRS) avoids this by Propagation Dampening »Each LDAP server maintains an "Up-to-dateness-vector" of uSNChanged values to avoid sending obsolete updates (attribute level ifiltering) »Workaround: The S4-Connector can track the entryCSN of own writes to OpenLDAP So we can ignore them on the way back to Samba/AD LDAP »Using Post-Read LDAP Control (RFC 4527) to avoid TOCTTOU issues »We use this and it helps a lot, but: OpenLDAP only 19 www.univention.comDirections: How to improve from here?

»Two complementary options:

1) Implement Post-Read LDAP Control (RFC 4527) for Samba/AD LDAP

»Probably we need to do this ifirst

2) More metadata detail → ifiner change granularity

»Object level → attribute level

»reduced conlflict surface

»decidability

20 www.univention.comOpenLDAP Metadata »Object level:dn: uid=user1,cn=users,dc=ar41i1,dc=qa entryUUID: ee0bf7d6-1d33-1037-9e97-3bb60a8becb2 createTimestamp: 20170824162046Z modifyTimestamp: 20170824162332Z creatorsName: cn=admin,dc=ar41i1,dc=qa modifiersName: cn=admin,dc=ar41i1,dc=qa entryCSN: 20170824162332.083696Z#000000#000#000000 21
www.univention.comActive Directory Metadata

»Object level →

»Attribute level → dn: CN=user1,CN=Users,DC=ar41i1,DC=qa objectGUID: 7f82f70c-1247-4846-bf49-a72447c704c1 whenCreated: 20170824162050.0Z whenChanged: 20170824162332.0Z uSNCreated: 3996 uSNChanged: 4002 replPropertyMetaData::

L/lTN+QK2LYeclOEzgoA8AAACcDwAAAAAAAA==

22
www.univention.comActive Directory Attribute Metadata Attribute level → dn: CN=user1,CN=Users,DC=ar41i1,DC=qa replPropertyMetaData: array: ARRAY(26) element(1): struct replPropertyMetaData1 Attid : DRSUAPI_ATTID_objectClass

Version : 0x00000001 (1)

originating_change_time : Thu Aug 24 18:20:50 2017 originating_invocation_id: ff8235ec-3395-407e-ad8b-61e725384ce0 originating_usn : 0x0000000000000f9c (3996) local_usn : 0x0000000000000a3f (2623) 23
www.univention.comAttribute level versioning in OpenLDAP? »Pro: enables attribute level state comparison between Samba/AD and OpenLDAP »Pro: provide basis for attribute level conlflict resolution in multi-master syncrepl setups »replPropertyMetaData attribute would be a precondition for DRS replication between

OpenLDAP and Samba/AD LDAP

»Example: contrib/slapd-modules/samba4/vernum.c for msDS-KeyVersionNumber www.univention.comQuestions? Feedback? www.univention.comThank you!

Thanks to the

OpenLDAP maintainers!

www.univention.comUnivention is hiring! 27
www.univention.comContact information

Univention GmbH

Bremen Germany

+49 421 222 32-20

Univention North America

Boston, MA, USA

+1 781 968-5492Arvid Requate requate@univention.de +49 421 222 32-52
www.univention.comquotesdbs_dbs8.pdfusesText_14
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