BASICS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING:
TABLE OF CONTENTS. II. FOREWORD. IV. NOMENCLATURE. VII. UNITS CONVERSIONS. IX. CHAPTER 1. WHAT IS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING? 1. CHAPTER 2. UNITS. 4. Base units.
DIGITAL NOTES
DIGITAL NOTES. THERMODYNAMICS Department of Mechanical EngineeringMRCET ... To apply the concepts of thermodynamics to basic energy systems.
LECTURE NOTES ON SUB: INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
-One of the basic measurements is that of speed. A wide variety of speed measuring devices are available in the market. They range from a mechanical tachometer
LECTURE NOTES ON THERMODYNAMICS
14-Feb-2010 Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering ... For the fundamental interplay of thermodynamics is that between so-called thermal ...
RECIPROCATING MACHINES
01-Apr-2020 2 Mechanical Engineering Department
Lectures notes On Engineering Mechanics
14-Mar-2015 08.01.2015 Lecture 1 Concurrent forces on a plane: Introduction to ... Differential equation of curvilinear motion: Basic theory and.
LECTURE NOTES ON MECHATRONICS Dr PRAMOD KUMAR
A basic example of a mechanical actuator is chain block hoisting weight in which mechanical motion of chain over the sprocket is utilized to lift a rated load.
Basic Concepts of Thermodynamics Thermodynamics and Energy
Intro and Basic Concepts. 2. Important note: in engineering all equations must be dimensionally homogenous. This means that every term in an equation must
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DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING. LECTURE NOTES: Course Title. Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ME/AE/CE). Course Code.
CAD CAM Digital Notes.pdf
Department Of Mechanical EngineeringMRCET. Drafting and Modeling systems: Basic geometric commands
BasicConceptsofThermodynamics
misunderstandings.Careful ofMass,ConservationofFirstlawofthermodynamics:
oneofthemostfundamentallawsofnatureisthe andmatter,thermodynamicsis waterheaters,etc.DimensionsandUnitsSecondarydimensions
velocity(m/s 2 ),pressure(Pa=kg/m.s 2States
Table1:StandardprefixesinSIunits.
MULTIPLE1012
10 9 10 6 10 3 10 Ͳ2 10 Ͳ3 10 Ͳ6 10 Ͳ9 10Ͳ12
checkforyoursolution.Example1:UnitConversion
2 by themanufacturer.ConvertthistoW/m 2 222
1072010001
1100072.10mW
mWW mmm mmmWClosedandOpenSystems
Fig.1:System,surroundings,andboundary
Boundary
zerothickness,nomass,andnovolume.Closedsystemorcontrolmass
Opensystemorcontrolvolume
theboundaryofacontrolvolume.Importantnote
havebeforestartanalyzingit.Isolatedsystem
anymeans.Rigidsystem
SYSTEM
BOUNDARY
SURROUNDINGS
surroundingsbyheat.Energy
Macroscopicformsofenergy
energy massCLOSED
SYSTEM
m=const. mass energyCONTROL
VOLUME
relativetosomereferenceframe,KE kJmVKE2 2 whereVisthevelocityofthesystemin(m/s). gravitationalfield,PE kJmgzPEMicroscopicformsofenergy
internalenergy,U. kJmgzmVUPEKEUE2 2 wherethecontributionsofmagnetic,electric,nuclearenergyareneglected. Internal moleculesistheFig.1Ͳ4:Formsofenergy.
PropertiesofaSystem
theintermolecularspacing.Intensiveproperties
Extensiveproperties
volume,andtotalenergyU.Theyareadditive. temperatureT).Extensiveproperties
volume(v=V/m).StateandEquilibrium
system.Asysteminequilibriumexperiencesno changeswhenitisisolatedfromits surroundings.Thermalequilibrium
system. m V T P 0.5m 0.5V T P0.5m 0.5V TPextensive
properties intensive properties effects.Phaseequilibrium:
anequilibriumlevel.Chemicalequilibrium:
ProcessesandCycles
QuasiͲequilibriumprocess
Ͳequilibrium
equilibriumprocess.PrefixisoͲis
Isothermal:
Isobaric
Isometric
process.State2
State1Processpath
A BAsystemiscalledsimplecompressiblesystem
intheabsenceofelectrical,magnetic,Independentproperties
whiletheotheroneisheldconstant.Pressure
PamN 2AreaForcePressure
in horizontalplanes. VP 1 234 P(z) z
Area=A
ghPAAhg AmgPPArealiquid ofWeight
h A relativetoabsolutevacuum. atmabsatmvacatmatmabsgaugePPPPPPPPPP
Fig.9:Absolute,gauge,andvacuumpressures.
Mostpressuremeasuring
gauge orP vac ).Be awareofwhatyouarereading!Fig.10:Basicmanometer,P
2 =P 1 kPaghPP atm 1 P atm P gauge P absAbsolute
(vacuum)=0P P vac veryaccurateandrobust canmeasurefrom10 Ͳ6 to10 5 atm canmeasureP gauge orP abs vacuumononeendFig.11:Burdongauge.
Example2:Pressure
0.04m 2 densityof1558kg/m 3 accelerationis9.8m/s 2 cylinder. ghAmgPPWWAPW atmbottomPistonliquidatmbottom barsmNbar smkgmNmsmmkgmsmkgbarP bottom3918.1/101
./1/18.1/8.9/155804.0/8.96097.0252223
22Fig.12:Sketchforexample2.
Temperature
The0thlawofthermodynamics
The0th
lawmakesathermometerpossible.A=0.04m
2 h=1.8m P=?mPiston
=60kgP atm =0.97bar relatestemperatureT tootheraccuratelymeasurablepropertiescanbeusedasa mRPVTThermodynamicTemperatureScales
(independentofthematerial),theKelvinandquotesdbs_dbs14.pdfusesText_20[PDF] basic needs
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