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3/29/17, 10*20 AMLaTeX Math Symbols

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LaTeX Math Symbols

The following tables are extracted from The Not So Short Introduction to LaTeX2e, aka. LaTeX2e in 90 minutes, by Tobias Oetiker, Hubert

Partl, Irene Hyna, and Elisabeth Schlegl. It can be located here.

3/29/17, 10*20 AMLaTeX Math Symbols

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Last modified: Wed May 31 14:04:55 CDT 2000

X Y -picUser'sGuide

Kristo!erH.R ose !krisrose@ens-lyon.fr"

Version3.7,February 16,1999

Abstract

X Y -picisapack agefort ypesetting graphsanddiagrams usingKnuth's T E

Xtyp esettingsystem.X

Y -picworkswith mostofthe manyformats available; e.g.,plainT E X, L A T E

X,andA

M S-T E

X.Severalstyles ofinputforvarious

diagramtyp esaresupported;theyallshareamnemonic notationbasedon thelogicalcomposition ofvisualcom- ponents.Thisguide concentrateson howto typeset "matrix-like"diagrams,suchascomm utativediagrams, inthefollo wingstyle: U y x (x,y)##X!ZY q p%% X f Yg Z wastypesetb ytheX Y -picinputlines \xymatrix{

U\ar@/_/[ddr]_y\ar@/^/[drr]^x

\ar@{.>}[dr]|-{(x,y)}\\ &X\times_Z Y\ar[d]^q\ar[r]_p &X\ar[d]_f \\ &Y\ar[r]^g &Z}

Suchdiagramshave thefollo wingcharacteristics:

•Specifiedasamatrixof entriesthat areautomati- callyalignedin rowsand columns. •Anyentrymaybe connectedtoanyother en- tryusinga variety ofarro wstylesallrotatedand stretchedasrequired. •Arrowsmaybedecoratedwith labelsthataretied toasp ecifiedpoin talongthearrow andextendin aparticulardirection; andarrows may bepaired, cross,andvisit/b endaroundother entries"onthe way." Severalotherstylesof inputare supported;ashortsurvey ofthep ossibilitiesisincluded lastattheendalong with informationonho wX Y -piccanbeobtained.

Contents

Preface2

1Basics 2

1.1Loading. ... .. ... ... ... ..2

1.2Entrie s........ ... ... .. ..2

1.3Arrows ...... ... ... ... .. .2

1.4Labe ls........ ... ... .. ..3

1.5Bre aks........ ... ... .. ..3

1.6Curving. ... ... ... ... .. ..4

1.7Spe edinguptypesetting.. ... ...4

2MoreA rrowsand Labels4

2.1Explicit labelpos itioning.......4

2.2Labe lingwithanyobject ... .....5

2.3Morearro wst yles.... ........5

2.4Slidingarro wsside ways.. ......6

2.5Moretarge ts.. ..... ... ... .6

2.6Changingthe target. ... ...... 7

2.7Arrows passingunder ......... 7

2.8Moreb endingarro ws....... ...8

2.9Defining newarrowtyp es.... ...8

3MoreEn tries9

3.1Manual entryformatting ........9

3.2Extrae ntries outsidethematrix...9

3.3Spacing androtation... ... ... .9

3.4Entry style.. ......... ... .10

3.5Naming forlateruse astargets ....10

3.6Groupingob jec ts........... .10

4Av ailabilityandFurtherInformation11

4.1Getting X

Y -pic.. ... .. ... ... .11

4.2Bac kwardscompatibility..... ...11

4.3Furthe rreading...... ...... .12

4.4Credits ..... ... ... ... ... .13

AAnsw erstoallexercises13

References14

Index15

Laboratoiredel'InformatiqueduP arall´elisme, EcoleNormaleSup ´erieure deLyon;46,All´eed'Italie;F-69364Lyon7, France.

1

Preface

Thisguidee xplainssom efeaturesof X

Y -picthatare relevanttotypesettingof"matrix-lik ediagrams "as usedin,forexample, cate gorytheory; pleasereferto therefe rencemanual[8]forcompleteinformationon thedes cribedconstructions.Theguideassumesthat youhaves omeexperiencein usingT E

Xfort ypes et-

tingmathe matics,e.g.,hav estudied[2,ch.16-19], [3, sec.3.3],or[9],andthatX Y -picisins talledon your T E

Xsys temasdescribedinthe INSTALLfileacc om-

panyingthedistribution.

Thefirst sectiondes cribeswhatyouneedto get

started,inparticularallthatis neede dtotypes et thediagramin theabstrac t.Se ction2 and3explain advanceduseofarrowsande ntries,res pec tively.Fi- nally,section 4explainswhereandunderwhatcondi- tionsX Y -picisa vailable, givestherelationofversion

3.7topre viousve rsions,andlis tsfurthersourcesof

information.

Throughoutwe giveexerc isesthatyou shouldbe

abletos olveas yougoalong;allexerc ises arean- sweredattheendjustpriortothere ferenc esand index.

1Basics

Thisse ctionexplainstheX

Y -diagramcons truction conceptsneededtoget startedwithtypesetting matrix-likediagrams.

1.1Loading

TheX Y -picse tupusedinthisguideis loadedbyin- sertingthelines \inputxy \xyoption{all} inthede finitionspartof yourdocume nt.1

Ifyou wish

toloadonly thefeature syou use, oryouwishtouse non-standardfacilitieslik ethev2backwardscompat- ibilitymode 2 orthepsPostScript 3 backendthen thisisals opos sibleasdes cribedinthereferencem an- ual[8].

1.2Entries

Adiagramis create db ythecommand

\xymatrix{...}wherethe"... "should bereplacedbyentriestobe alignedinrowsandcolumnswhere •entriesinarowarese paratedb y&, 4 and •entirerowsareseparate dby\\.

Forexample,

A m i=n i 2 D wastypes etby \xymatrix{

A&*+[F]{\sum_{i=n}^m{i^2}} \\

&{\bullet}& D\ar[ul]}

Noticethefollowing:

•entriesaretypeset asmathe matics(using"text style");entriesshouldnots tartwithamacro (asillustrate dbytheuseof{}around\bullet. •allen triesarecenteredandthe separation be- tweenrowsandcolumnsisusuallyquite large inadiagram , •emptyentriesatthee ndofrowsmaybeomit- ted, •"X Y -decorations"(here\ar[ul])ine ntries al- lowdrawingofarro wsandsuch relative tothe entrieswithoutchangingtheove ralllay out,and •"X Y -modifiers"(here*+[F])first inentriesal- lowchangingtheform atandshape inman y ways.

1.3Arrows

An"arrow" inanX

Y -picdiagramis agene ricte rm forthedra wndec orationsbetw eentheentriesof the basicmatrixstruc ture.InX Y -picallarro wsmus tbe specifiedalongwiththeentryinwhichthey start;this iscalle dtheirbaseentry.Each particulararrowcom - mandthenrefe rsexplicitlytoits targetentry.This isobtained usingthe\arcommandwhichaccepts manyoptionsofwhichwe willde scrib eafewhere andsom emoreinsection2. Initssimples tform an arrowisente red as\ar[hop]wherehopisas equenc e ofsingle letters:uforup,dfordown, lforleft, and rforright, e.g.,thearro w\ar[ur]reads"types etan arrowfromthecurre nt entry tothatoneupandone right." 1 L A T E X2 [3]userscan use\usepackage[all]{xy}. 2

Ifyou usetheversion2loading command\inputxypic(orthexypicdocumentstyleoption)thenthe v2optiondescribed in

section4.2will beloaded automatically. 3 PostScriptisaregistered Trademarkof Adobe, Inc.[1]. 4

ThuswhenusingX

Y -constructionsinv olving&insideothertabular constructionsthenenclose theX Y -picconstructionin anextra pairofbraces! 2

Exercise1:Whichentrydo es[]referto?

Therelativ ecoordinatesspec ifiedinthiswayare

purelylogical,e.g.,ifthe diagramcon tainsv erywide entriesthen"diagonal"arrowswillbe nearlyhorizon- tal.Thec onstructe darrowsarealignedalongtheline betweenthecentersofthebaseandtarget entrie s; theywillnotautomatic allydisapp ear underentries thatthey cross(wedis cusshowthisisac hievedin section2.7).

Thearrow stylekan bechangedbywritingthe

commandas\ar@style[hop].Thiswill bede sc ribed inmore detailinsec tion2.3;herewe justlis tthemost common@styles(obvious variationsalsow ork):

Exercise2:Typeset

1.4Labels

Youcanputlab elsonarrows .Labe lsareconceptual-

izedassub-andsup ersc riptsonarrowssuc hthat they areplace dintheusualpositions (as"limits "),i.e.,^ reads"above "and_"below"onanarrowpointing right.Noticethatthe positionsdepe ndonlyonthe directionofthearrow,theabs olutenotionsof "up," "down,"etc.are notimportant.Forexam ple,quotesdbs_dbs32.pdfusesText_38

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