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Digital News Report 2021

TH

EDITION

Simge Andı, Craig T. Robertson, and Rasmus Kleis Nielsen © Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism

Surveyed by

Spanish translation supported by

Supported by

Reuters Institute

Digital News Report 2021

TH

EDITION

Methodology

6

Authorship and Research Acknowledgements

7

SECTION ?

Executive Summary and Key Findings9

SECTION

Further Analysis and International Comparison

33
among Di?erent Groups 34 2.2 Impartiality Unpacked: A Study of Four Countries 39 2.3

Local News Unbundled:

Where Audience Value Still Lies 43

2.4

How do People Think about the Financing

of the Commercial News Media? 48 2.5

How and Why do Consumers Access News

on Social Media? 52

SECTION ő

Analysis by Country and Market

59

EUROPE

3.02

Austria

64
3.03

Belgium

66
3.04

Bulgaria

68
3.05

Croatia

70
3.06

Czech Republic 72

3.07

Denmark

74
3.08

Finland

76
3.09

France

78
3.10

Germany

80
3.11

Greece

82
3.12

Hungary

84
3.13

Ireland

86
3.14 Italy 88
3.15

Netherlands

90
3.16

Norway

92
3.17

Poland

94
3.18

Portugal

96
3.19

Romania

98
3.20

Slovakia

100
3.21 Spain 102
3.22

Sweden

104
3.23

Switzerland

106
3.24

Turkey

108

AMERICAS

3.26

Argentina

114
3.27

Brazil

116
3.28

Canada

118
3.29 Chile 120
3.30

Colombia

122
3.31

Mexico

124
3.32 Peru 126

ASIA PACIFIC

3.34

Hong Kong 132

3.35 India 134
3.36

Indonesia

136
3.37 Japan 138
3.38

Malaysia

140
3.39

Philippines

142
3.40

Singapore

144
3.41

South Korea 146

3.42

Taiwan

148
3.43

Thailand

150

AFRICA

3.45

Nigeria

156
3.46

South Africa 158

SECTION ű

Contents

4 Director, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (RISJ) This is the tenth edition of our Digital News Report and a milestone for us in that the 46 markets covered this year account for more than half the world's population. We are particularly proud to be able to include more countries in the Global South, primarily because we hope the data and analysis we present are useful for journalists, editors, and media executives there, but also because we strongly believe their colleagues elsewhere can learn a lot from the situation in countries where news media have long faced political attacks, ?nancial precarity, and internet users heavily oriented towards mobile and social media - some of the realities journalists in historically more privileged parts of the world increasingly have to deal with. Our ?ndings this year show how, if anything, the Coronavirus pandemic has exacerbated many of the long-term trends we have documented over the past decade, especially the move to a more digital, mobile, and platform-dominated media environment. Developments this year put further pressure on the business models of many traditional media, but have also reminded at least parts of the public of the importance and value of trustworthy news from independent news organisations. This year's survey ?nds evidence that some brands have bene?ted from a desire for reliable information around the pandemic - both in terms of higher reach, higher trust, and more paying subscribers. While the e?ects are uneven, do not apply to all brands or all countries, and may not last aer the crisis is over, these are positive ?ndings from publishers' point of view. Our analysis also shows how the role of di?erent platforms is evolving. We document the roles played by mainstream news organisations, individual journalists, and other voices on di?erent social media, the continuing move to closed messaging apps and more visual social media, as well as the continued widespread public concern over false or misleading information - especially Facebook and Facebook-owned messaging applications including WhatsApp. Amid deep divisions within many societies over politics and social justice, we ask searching questions about what people expect from their news and examine attitudes to traditional notions of journalistic impartiality and objectivity. We also explore how fairly the media are seen as treating di?erent groups including women, young people, and ethnic minorities. And our report continues to document the economic impact of digital disruption which has been intensi?ed by the COVID-19 pandemic (even as platform companies including Google and Facebook reported signi?cant growth last year). Given the ?nancial challenges the business of news faces, we explore public attitudes to whether the government should step in to support commercial media - but ?nd little appetite for this. Our survey this year covered 46 markets, including 24 in Europe, and six in Latin America where we have added Colombia and Peru. In Asia we have added India, Indonesia, and Thailand to our existing eight markets, and in Africa we are delighted to include Nigeria for the ?rst time, following the inclusion of Kenya in 2020 and South Africa in 2019. Because we use online polling, we continue to focus on countries with high internet penetration and which are either broadly democratic or generally compare themselves to countries with a democratic tradition. Even so, the increasing number and diversity of markets covered have led us to compare fewer data points across the whole sample and to focus on meaningful comparisons across markets that are broadly similar. Wequotesdbs_dbs8.pdfusesText_14

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