Influenza: Questions and Answers
animals influenza B viruses affects only humans. Subtypes of type A influenza virus are influenza virus appeared and led to a major pandemic.
Influenza B: Prospects for the Development of Cross-Protective
Jun 17 2022 vaccines lies not only in influenza B prevention
Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in
Feb 25 2022 Between September 2021 and January 2022
Influenza: Diagnosis and Treatment
Nov 11 2019 Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by a ... infect humans: influenza A
When “B” becomes “A”: the emerging threat of influenza B virus
Similarly influenza B has been described to have significantly higher mortality rates compared to influenza A strains. For example
Emergence of influenza B/Victoria in the Micronesian US-affiliated
Oct 27 2021 of subtyped specimens classified as influenza B/Victoria during January–May 2019. These outbreaks occurred after the.
Guidance for Clinicians on the Use of Rapid Influenza Diagnostic
Rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) are immunoassays that can identify the presence of influenza A and B viral nucleoprotein antigens in respiratory
Fact sheet for patients - cobas SARS-CoV-2 & Influenza A/B
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cobas SARS-CoV-2 & Influenza A/B - Instructions for Use
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Jun 14 2022 Expanding Mouse-Adapted Yamagata-like Influenza B Viruses in Eggs Enhances In Vivo Lethality in BALB/c Mice. Matthew J. Pekarek 1.
Chapter 12: Influenza; Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine
been detected in humans Type B influenza is classified into two lineages: B/Yamagata and B/Victoria Infection with influenza viruses can be asymptomatic or result in disease that ranges from mild to severe Influenza B more commonly affects children Influenza C is rarely reported as a cause of human illness probably because most
Modes of Transmission of Influenza B Virus in Households
evidence that influenza A virus can spread by aerosols [3–58– 10] but less discussion over the potential role of aerosols in influenza B virus transmission with limited published literature Infectious influenza B virus can be detected in the aerosol fraction (particles 5 mm) of exhaled breath of subjects with influenza B virus infection
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What causes influenza?
Influenza is caused by influenza viruses. Two types of influenza, A and B, cause outbreaks in people. Both types can cause mild to severe illness in all age groups.While influenza A viruses infect humans and other
animals, influenza B viruses affects only humans. Subtypes of type A influenza virus are identified by two antigenic proteins called hemagglutinin [H] and neuraminidase [N] on the surface of the virus. These proteins can change, or mutate, over time. Because these proteins can change, people can get influenza infections multiple times over their lifetime. An antigen shift" (major change) creates a new influenza A virus with a new H, or H and N, that can cause a global epidemic if the virus can spread easily among people and if most people do not have immunity against it. This happened most recently in 2009 when the novel H1N1 influenza virus appeared and led to a major pandemic.How does influenza spread?
Influenza is spread mainly through the air from
respiratory droplets made when and infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes. Influenza may also be spread by touching a surface that has respiratory droplets with influenza viruses and then touching the nose, mouth, or possibly eyes.How long does it take to develop symptoms of
influenza after being exposed? The incubation period of influenza is usually two days but can range from one to four days.What are the symptoms of influenza?
Typical influenza disease is characterized by sudden onset of fever, aching muscles, sore throat, and non- productive cough. Additional symptoms may include runny nose, headache, a burning sensation in the chest, and eye pain and sensitivity to light. Typical influenza disease does not occur in every infected person. Someone who has been previously exposed to similar virus strains (through natural infection or vaccination) is less likely to develop serious clinical illness. Not every- one with influenza illness has a fever, especially older adults. Some people may also have nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea; these symptoms are more often seen in children.How serious is influenza?
Although many people think of influenza as just a
common cold, it is really a specific and serious respi- ratory infection that can result in hospitalization and death. Rates of infection from seasonal influenza are highest among children. The risks for influenza-related complications, hospitalizations, and deaths are high- est among adults ages 65 years and older, children younger than 5 years, pregnant women, and people of any age who have medical conditions that place them at increased risk for complications from influenza.From the 2010-11 through 2019-20 seasons, the
annual influenza-related disease burden varied from9-45 million illnesses, 4-21 million medical visits, 140,000-810,000 hospitalizations, and 12,000-61,000
deaths per year. The number of influenza laboratory- confirmed deaths in children reported to CDC averaged133 (range 37-199) per year. This is considered an
underestimate of actual pediatric deaths as some influenza-related deaths are likely not reported or recognized. Both the 2020-21 and 2021-22 influenza seasons were unusual due to use of COVID-19 prevention measures like mask wearing and limited travel. For more information on the health burden of influenza, see www.cdc.gov/flu/about/burden/index.html.What are possible complications from influenza?
The most frequent complication from influenza are viral and bacterial pneumonia. Other complications include inflammation of the heart (myocarditis), brain (encepha- litis) or muscle (myositis). Influenza also can worsen chronic medical conditions like cardiovascular disease, leading to heart attacks or worsening congestive heart failure, and worsening asthma and diabetes. Reye syndrome is a complication that occurs almost exclusively in children - patients suffer from severe vomiting and confusion, which may progress to coma because of swelling of the brain. To decrease the chance of developing Reye syndrome, infants, children, and teenagers should not be given aspirin for fever reduction or pain relief. en-US quotesdbs_dbs26.pdfusesText_32[PDF] grippe porcine h1n1
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