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Droits d'auteur € Facultde droit, Section de droit civil, Universitd'Ottawa,1997 This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of 'rudit (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. This article is disseminated and preserved by 'rudit. promote and disseminate research.

https://www.erudit.org/en/Document generated on 06/27/2023 9:18 a.m.Revue g€n€rale de droit

contrats de licence : le droit am€ricain, canadien et europ€en

Anton Carniaux

Volume 28, Number 2, June 1997URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1035638arDOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/1035638arSee table of contentsPublisher(s)'ditions Wilson & Lafleur, inc.ISSN0035-3086 (print)2292-2512 (digital)Explore this journalCite this article

Carniaux, A. (1997). Les clauses financi"res restreignant la concurrence dans Revue g€n€rale de droit 28
(2), 201...233. https://doi.org/10.7202/1035638ar

Article abstract

There exist certain financial clauses in transfer of technology contracts which could have far-reaching impacts. This would imply that the licensor would fix or determine the resale price of the technology in question or even impose particular clauses concerning the payment of royalties owed by the licensee. The licensee, as well, would benefit from the choice of clauses. However, American, Canadian and European competition law which regulate the financial aspects of transfer of technology contracts limit these types of clauses. These laws are the result of a compromise between two competing interests: the rights of the technology provider to his creative effort and the freedom of competition which could be hindered by such financial clauses. American competition law regarding financial clauses is strict in nature. This approach has been strongly criticized in spite of some changes to the law in recent years. The Canadian laws could allow either a strict or a more liberal interpretation if the judiciary would have more opportunities to pronounce itself on this question. Meanwhile the European Union is developing a particularly interventionist competition law in order to preserve healthy inter-state competition. These different approaches will continue to evolve, not as before, as the result of regional economic and political specificities, but rather through the influence of increased economic globalization. This alteration is, in fact, already apparent through the progressive liberalization of the three legal regimes which is strongly supported by the Chicago School. The author feels however that complete liberalization should be undertaken carefully as it could hinder regional economic integration such as in the case of the European Union. Les clauses financières restreignant la concurrence dan s le s contrat s d e licenc e l e droi t américain canadie n e t europée n ANTO N

CARNIAUX

Étudian

t l a maîtris e l a

Facult

d e droi t d e l'Universit d'Ottaw a

RÉSUM

Le choix des modalités financières qui accompagnent tout contrat de transfert de technologie n'est jamais innocent. Il peut

être

tentant pour un donneur de licence d'imposer au licencié, par exemple, un prix de vente de sa technologie, ou encore d'exiger des modes particuliers de versement des redevances dues par le licencié. Ce dernier peut lui-même y trouver son compte.

Toutefois,

les droits de la concurrence américain, canadien et européen, encadrent plus ou moins la discussion sur ces aspects financiers. Sous cet angle particulier, ces droits font l'objet ici d'une

étude

comparée. Ces droits reflètent un compromis, variable selon les pays, entre les intérêts du fournisseur de la technologie, qui a le mérite de l'effort créatif, et la libre concurrence, qui peut

être

entravée par certaines clauses financières. Le régime juridique américain obéit une tradition de sévérité, remise en cause depuis quelques années. Le

Canada

offre l'exemple d'un droit incertain

ABSTRAC

T There exist certain financial clauses in transfer of technology contracts which could have far-reaching impacts. This would imply that the licensor would fix or determine the resale price of the technology in question or even impose particular clauses concerning the payment of royalties owed by the licensee. The licensee, as well, would benefit from the choice of clauses.

However,

American,

Canadian

and

European

competition law which regulate the financial aspects of transfer of technology contracts limit these types of clauses. These laws are the resultquotesdbs_dbs13.pdfusesText_19

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