Data Communication and Computer Network PDF

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Data Communication and Computer Network

This tutorial gives very good understanding on Data Communication and Computer Networks. After completing this tutorial, you will find yourself at a moderate level of expertise in knowing DCN, from where you can take yourself to next levels. This tutorial is prepared for the beginners to help them understand Data

Communication and Computer Networks.

Before proceeding with this tutorial, you need a basic understanding of Computer. You should know the basics of input and output devices, primary and secondary memory, and operating system.

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Data Communication and Computer Network

About the Tutorial ..................................................................................................................................... i

Audience .................................................................................................................................................... i

Prerequisites .............................................................................................................................................. i

Disclaimer & Copyright .............................................................................................................................. i

Contents ................................................................................................................................................... ii

1. OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................ 1

Classification of Computer Networks ........................................................................................................ 1

Geographical Span .................................................................................................................................... 1

Inter-Connectivity ..................................................................................................................................... 1

Administration .......................................................................................................................................... 2

Network Architecture ............................................................................................................................... 2

Network Applications ............................................................................................................................... 2

2. TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS ........................................................................................ 3

Personal Area Network ............................................................................................................................. 3

Local Area Network................................................................................................................................... 3

Metropolitan Area Network ..................................................................................................................... 4

Wide Area Network .................................................................................................................................. 5

Internetwork............................................................................................................................................. 6

3. NETWORK LAN TECHNOLOGIES ............................................................................................ 8

Ethernet .................................................................................................................................................... 8

Fast-Ethernet ............................................................................................................................................ 8

Giga-Ethernet ............................................................................................................................................ 8

Virtual LAN................................................................................................................................................ 9

4. COMPUTER NETWORK TOPOLOGIES ................................................................................... 10

Point-to-Point ......................................................................................................................................... 10

Bus Topology .......................................................................................................................................... 10

Data Communication and Computer Network

iii

Star Topology .......................................................................................................................................... 11

Ring Topology ......................................................................................................................................... 12

Mesh Topology ....................................................................................................................................... 13

Tree Topology ......................................................................................................................................... 14

Daisy Chain ............................................................................................................................................. 15

Hybrid Topology...................................................................................................................................... 15

5. COMPUTER NETWORK MODEL ........................................................................................... 17

Layered Tasks.......................................................................................................................................... 17

OSI Model ............................................................................................................................................... 18

Internet Model ....................................................................................................................................... 19

6. COMPUTER NETWORK SECURITY ........................................................................................ 20

Secret Key Encryption ............................................................................................................................. 21

Public Key Encryption ............................................................................................................................. 21

Message Digest ....................................................................................................................................... 21

7. PHYSICAL LAYER INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 22

Signals ..................................................................................................................................................... 22

Transmission Impairment ....................................................................................................................... 22

Transmission Media ................................................................................................................................ 23

Channel Capacity .................................................................................................................................... 23

Multiplexing............................................................................................................................................ 24

Switching ................................................................................................................................................ 24

8. DIGITAL TRANSMISSION ...................................................................................................... 25

Digital-to-Digital Conversion ................................................................................................................... 25

Line Coding ............................................................................................................................................. 25

Unipolar Encoding ................................................................................................................................... 26

Polar Encoding ........................................................................................................................................ 26

Bipolar Encoding ..................................................................................................................................... 28

Data Communication and Computer Network

Block Coding ........................................................................................................................................... 28

Analog-to-Digital Conversion .................................................................................................................. 29

Sampling ................................................................................................................................................. 29

Quantization ........................................................................................................................................... 29

Encoding ................................................................................................................................................. 30

Transmission Modes ............................................................................................................................... 30

9. ANALOG TRANSMISSION ..................................................................................................... 32

Digital-to-Analog Conversion .................................................................................................................. 32

Analog-to-Analog Conversion ................................................................................................................. 34

10. TRANSMISSION MEDIA........................................................................................................ 38

Magnetic Media ...................................................................................................................................... 38

Twisted Pair Cable .................................................................................................................................. 38

Coaxial Cable .......................................................................................................................................... 39

Power Lines ............................................................................................................................................ 40

Fiber Optics ............................................................................................................................................. 40

11. WIRELESS TRANSMISSION ................................................................................................... 42

Radio Transmission ................................................................................................................................. 42

Microwave Transmission ........................................................................................................................ 43

Infrared Transmission ............................................................................................................................. 44

Light Transmission .................................................................................................................................. 44

12. MULTIPLEXING .................................................................................................................... 46

Frequency Division Multiplexing ............................................................................................................. 46

Time Division Multiplexing ..................................................................................................................... 46

Wavelength Division Multiplexing .......................................................................................................... 47

Code Division Multiplexing ..................................................................................................................... 48

13. SWITCHING ......................................................................................................................... 49

Circuit Switching ..................................................................................................................................... 49

Data Communication and Computer Network

Message Switching.................................................................................................................................. 50

Packet Switching ..................................................................................................................................... 51

14. DATA LINK LAYER INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 53

Functionality of Data-link Layer .............................................................................................................. 53

15. ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION ................................................................................ 55

Types of Errors ........................................................................................................................................ 55

Error Detection ....................................................................................................................................... 56

Error Correction ...................................................................................................................................... 57

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[PDF] Data Communication and Computer Network

Data Communication and Computer Network

Data Communication and Computer Network

Communication and Computer Networks.

Copyright 2014 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.

Data Communication and Computer Network

1. OVERVIEW ............................................................................................................................ 1

2. TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS ........................................................................................ 3

3. NETWORK LAN TECHNOLOGIES ............................................................................................ 8

4. COMPUTER NETWORK TOPOLOGIES ................................................................................... 10

Data Communication and Computer Network

5. COMPUTER NETWORK MODEL ........................................................................................... 17

6. COMPUTER NETWORK SECURITY ........................................................................................ 20

7. PHYSICAL LAYER INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 22

8. DIGITAL TRANSMISSION ...................................................................................................... 25

Data Communication and Computer Network

9. ANALOG TRANSMISSION ..................................................................................................... 32

10. TRANSMISSION MEDIA........................................................................................................ 38

11. WIRELESS TRANSMISSION ................................................................................................... 42

12. MULTIPLEXING .................................................................................................................... 46

13. SWITCHING ......................................................................................................................... 49

Data Communication and Computer Network

14. DATA LINK LAYER INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 53

15. ERROR DETECTION AND CORRECTION ................................................................................ 55