PSpice Users Guide PDF This manual Provides information about

PSPICE Schematic Student 9.1 Tutorial

This tutorial will guide you through the creation and analysis of a simple We perform PSPICE schematics circuit simulation according to following steps:.

PSpice Users Guide

Running the Model Editor from the schematic page editor . . . . . . 142 use PSpice efficiently this manual is separated into the following sections:.

A Visual Tutorial for Schematics

A Tutorial for Schematics. - the PSpice Schematic Capture Utility. * Schematics Netlist. X_U1 $N_0002 $N_0003. $N_0004 $N_0005 $N_0001.

???? 1

Electronic Circuits 2 (18/1). W.-Y. Choi. Lect. 4: PSpice Tutorial. ?OrCAD PSPICE Installation. File -> New Project to open schematics

Orcad Capture Users Guide

Setting up compatibility with Orcad's Schematic Design Tools (SDT) 87 these tools perform are described throughout this manual.

PSPICE

Additional Circuit Examples with PSpice. 3.1 Transformer circuit An alternative way is to use a schematic entry program such as OrCAD CAPTURE. OrCAD.

PSpice Schematics Users Guide

Zooming and Panning in PSpice Schematics . Editing Simulation Models from PSpice Schematics . ... manual is separated into the following sections:.

Pspice Tutorial

Use the Pspice schematic page above to create your circuit diagram (a process called http://www.glue.umd.edu/~oramahi/PSPICE-TUTORIAL.pdf.

Pulse and Exponential Waveforms in PSPICE

In this tutorial we will describe the use of the pulse and exponential waveforms as voltage The PSPICE schematic for this circuit is shown in figure 3.

PSpice Users Guide

This manual Provides information about how to use... OrCAD Capture. User's Guide. OrCAD Capture which is a schematic capture front-end program.

OrCAD PSpice

User"s Guide

Pspug.book Page 1 Wednesday, November 11, 1998 1:14 PM

9300 SW Nimbus Ave.

Beaverton, OR 97008 USA

Trademarks

OrCAD, OrCAD Layout, OrCAD Express, OrCAD Capture, OrCAD PSpice, and OrCAD PSpice A/D are registered trademarks of OrCAD, Inc. OrCAD Capture CIS, and OrCAD Express CIS are trademarks of OrCAD, Inc. Microsoft, Visual Basic, Windows, Windows NT, and other names of Microsoft products referenced herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft

Corporation.

All other brand and product names mentioned herein are used for identification purposes only, and are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

Part Number 60-30-636

First edition 30 November 1998

Technical Support (503) 671-9400

Corporate offices (503) 671-9500

OrCAD Japan K.K. 81-45-621-1911

OrCAD UK Ltd. 44-1256-381-400

Fax (503) 671-9501

General email info@orcad.com

Technical Support email techsupport@orcad.com

World Wide Web http://www.orcad.com

OrCAD Design Network (ODN) http://www.orcad.com/odn Pspug.book Page 2 Wednesday, November 11, 1998 1:14 PM

Before you begin xxiii

Welcome to OrCAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii

OrCAD PSpice overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiv

How to use this guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv

Typographical conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv

Related documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvi

Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxvii

If you have the demo CD-ROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxviii OrCAD demo CD-ROM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxviii

What"s New . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxix

Part one Simulation primer

Things you need to know 1Chapter 1

Chapter overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

What is PSpice? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Analyses you can run with PSpice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Basic analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

DC sweep & other DC calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

AC sweep and noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Transient and Fourier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Advanced multi-run analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Parametric and temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Monte Carlo and sensitivity/worst-case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Analyzing waveforms with PSpice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

What is waveform analysis? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Using PSpice with other OrCAD programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Using Capture to prepare for simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

What is the Stimulus Editor? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

What is the Model Editor? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Pspug.book Page iii Wednesday, November 11, 1998 1:14 PM

Files needed for simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Files that Capture generates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Netlist file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Circuit file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Other files that you can configure for simulation . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Model library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Stimulus file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Include file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Configuring model library, stimulus, and

include files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Files that PSpice generates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Waveform data file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

PSpice output file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Simulation examples 15Chapter 2

Chapter overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Example circuit creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Finding out more about setting up your design . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Running PSpice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Performing a bias point analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Using the simulation output file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Finding out more about bias point calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

DC sweep analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Setting up and running a DC sweep analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Displaying DC analysis results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Finding out more about DC sweep analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Transient analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Finding out more about transient analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

AC sweep analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Setting up and running an AC sweep analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

AC sweep analysis results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

Finding out more about AC sweep and noise analysis . . . . . . . . 41

Parametric analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Setting up and running the parametric analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Analyzing waveform families . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Finding out more about parametric analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

Performance analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

Finding out more about performance analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Pspug.book Page iv Wednesday, November 11, 1998 1:14 PM

Part two Design entry

Preparing a design for simulation 55Chapter 3

Chapter overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

Checklist for simulation setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Typical simulation setup steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

Advanced design entry and simulation setup steps . . . . . . . . . . . 57

When netlisting fails or the simulation

does not start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Things to check in your design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Things to check in your system configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Using parts that you can simulate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Vendor-supplied parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

Part naming conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 Finding the part that you want . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62

Passive parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64

Breakout parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

Behavioral parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

Using global parameters and expressions for values . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Global parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Declaring and using a global parameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Specifying expressions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69

Defining power supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

For the analog portion of your circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

Defining stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Analog stimuli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

Using VSTIM and ISTIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 If you want to specify multiple stimulus types . . . . . . . . . . . 77

Things to watch for . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Unmodeled parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

Do this if the part in question is from the OrCAD libraries . . . . 79 Check for this if the part in question is custom-built . . . . . . . . 81 Unconfigured model, stimulus, or include files . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

Check for this . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Unmodeled pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82

Check for this . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Missing ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Check for this . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

Missing DC path to ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Check for this . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

Pspug.book Page v Wednesday, November 11, 1998 1:14 PM

Creating and editing models 85Chapter 4

Chapter overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

What are models? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

Models defined as model parameter sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Models defined as subcircuit netlists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

How are models organized? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Model libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

Model library configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Global vs. design models and libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

Nested model libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

OrCAD-provided models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90

Tools to create and edit models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Ways to create and edit models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92

Using the Model Editor to

edit models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Ways to use the Model Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Model Editor-supported device types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Ways To Characterize Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Creating models from data sheet information . . . . . . . . . . . 96

Analyzing the effect of model parameters

on device characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

How to fit models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97

Running the Model Editor alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Starting the Model Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Enabling and disabling automatic part creation . . . . . . . . . . 100 Saving global models (and parts) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 Running the Model Editor from the schematic page editor . . . . . . 101 What is an instance model? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Starting the Model Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Saving design models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 What happens if you don"t save the instance model . . . . . . . . 103

The Model Editor tutorial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104

Creating the half-wave rectifier design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104 Using the Model Editor to edit the D1 diode model . . . . . . . . 105 Entering data sheet information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Extracting model parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Adding curves for more than one temperature . . . . . . . . . . 108 Completing the model definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Editing model text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110

Editing .MODEL definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Editing .SUBCKT definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111 Pspug.book Page vi Wednesday, November 11, 1998 1:14 PM

vii Changing the model name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

Starting the Model Editor

from the schematic page editor in Capture . . . . . . . . . . 111 What is an instance model? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Starting the Model Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Saving design models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Example: editing a Q2N2222 instance model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Starting the Model Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Editing the Q2N2222-X model instance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Saving the edits and updating the schematic . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Using the Create Subcircuit command . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 Changing the model reference to an existing model definition . . . . . . 117

Reusing instance models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Reusing instance models in the same schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Making instance models available to all designs . . . . . . . . . . . 119

Configuring model libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120

The Libraries and Include Files tabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 How PSpice uses model libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Search order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121

Handling duplicate model names . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Adding model libraries to the configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 Changing design and global scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Changing model library search order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 Changing the library search path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

Creating parts for models 127Chapter 5

Chapter overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

What"s different about parts used for simulation? . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Ways to create parts

for models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129

Preparing your models for part creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130

Using the Model Editor to create parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Starting the Model Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131

Setting up automatic part creation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Basing new parts on a custom set of parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

Editing part graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

How Capture places parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135

Defining grid spacing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Grid spacing for graphics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Grid spacing for pins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136

Attaching models to parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Pspug.book Page vii Wednesday, November 11, 1998 1:14 PM

viii

MODEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138

Defining part properties needed for simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139

PSPICETEMPLATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140

PSPICETEMPLATE syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 PSPICETEMPLATE examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143

Analog behavioral modeling 147Chapter 6

Chapter overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147

Overview of analog behavioral modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148

The ABM.OLB part library file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Placing and specifying ABM parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150

Net names and device names in ABM expressions . . . . . . . . . . 150 Forcing the use of a global definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151

ABM part templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152

Control system parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153

Basic components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

Limiters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156

Chebyshev filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157

Integrator and differentiator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Table look-up parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160

Laplace transform part . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164

Math functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

ABM expression parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168

An instantaneous device example: modeling a triode . . . . . . . . . 171

PSpice-equivalent parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174

Implementation of PSpice -equivalent parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 Modeling mathematical or instantaneous relationships . . . . . . . . 176 EVALUE and GVALUE parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 EMULT, GMULT, ESUM, and GSUM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Lookup tables (ETABLE and GTABLE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Frequency-domain device models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Laplace transforms (LAPLACE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Frequency response tables (EFREQ and GFREQ) . . . . . . . . . . . 183 Cautions and recommendations for simulation and analysis . . . . . . . 186 Instantaneous device modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186

Frequency-domain parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Laplace transforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187

Non-causality and Laplace transforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

Chebyshev filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Frequency tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190

Trading off computer resources for accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Pspug.book Page viii Wednesday, November 11, 1998 1:14 PM

Basic controlled sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

Creating custom ABM parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192

Part three Setting Up and Running Analyses

Setting up analyses and starting simulation 195Chapter 7

Chapter overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195

Analysis types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196

Setting up analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197

Execution order for standard analyses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

Output variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199

Modifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200

Starting a simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206

Starting a simulation from Capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206 Starting a simulation outside of Capture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

Setting up batch simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207

Multiple simulation setups within one circuit file . . . . . . . . . 207quotesdbs_dbs20.pdfusesText_26

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[PDF] PSpice Users Guide This manual Provides information about

OrCAD PSpice

User"s Guide

9300 SW Nimbus Ave.

Beaverton, OR 97008 USA

Trademarks

Corporation.

Part Number 60-30-636

First edition 30 November 1998

Technical Support (503) 671-9400

Corporate offices (503) 671-9500

OrCAD Japan K.K. 81-45-621-1911

OrCAD UK Ltd. 44-1256-381-400

Fax (503) 671-9501

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Contents

Before you begin xxiii

Part one Simulation primer

Things you need to know 1Chapter 1

Contents

Configuring model library, stimulus, and

Simulation examples 15Chapter 2

Contents

Part two Design entry

Preparing a design for simulation 55Chapter 3

When netlisting fails or the simulation

Contents

Creating and editing models 85Chapter 4

Using the Model Editor to

Analyzing the effect of model parameters

Contents

Starting the Model Editor

Creating parts for models 127Chapter 5

Ways to create parts

Contents

Analog behavioral modeling 147Chapter 6

Contents

Part three Setting Up and Running Analyses