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Global Estimates

of Child Labour

RESULTS AND TRENDS, 2012-2016

GENEVA, 2017

Global estimates of

child labour:

Results and trends,

2012-2016

4Global estimates of child labour: Results and trends, 2012-2016

Copyright © International Labour Organization 2017

First published 2017

This is an open access work distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO License (http://

creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo). Users can reuse, share, adapt and build upon the original work,

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Translations - In case of a translation of this work, the following disclaimer must be added along with the

Adaptations - In case of an adaptation of this work, the following di sclaimer must be added along with the the views and opinions expressed in the adaptation rests solely with the author or authors of the adaptation and are not endorsed by the ILO. Geneva 22, Switzerland, or by email to rights@ilo.org. Global estimates of child labour: Results and trends, 2012-2016

Also available in French:

Estimations mondiales du travail des enfants: résultats et tendances

2012-2016

Estimaciones mundiales sobre el trabajo infantil: Resultados y tendencia s

2012-2016

The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity w ith United Nations practice, and the

presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the

concerning the delimitation of its frontiers. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed articles, studies an d other contributions rests solely with their expressed in them. a sign of disapproval. Information on ILO publications and digital products can be found at: ww w.ilo.org/publns. Funding for this report was provided by the United States Department of

Labor under Cooperative Agreement

United States Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations

imply endorsement by the United States Government.

On any given day in 2016

children aged 5-17 years

OF THE 152 MILLION CHILDREN IN CHILD LABOUR

METRICS

42%

64 millionREGIONAL PREVALENCE OF CHILD LABOUR

GENDERECONOMIC ACTIVITYAGE PROFILE

152
million 73
million 48%

5-11 years-olds

70.9%

Agriculture

28%

12-14 years-olds

11.9%

Industry

24%

15-17 years-olds

17.2%

Services

58%

88 million

© Lisa Kristine

7

Table of contents

Executive summary

Introduction

Part 1. Global estimates and trends

1.1

Main results of the global estimates

1.2

The regional picture

1.3

Child labour and national income

1.4 Child labour characteristics: economic sector and work status 1.7

Involvement in household chores

1.8

Child labour and education

Part 2. Road forward to 2025

2.1

Building a policy response

2.2

Age, gender, and regional considerations

2.3

Building the knowledge base

2.4

International cooperation and partnership

Annex: Methodology

Endnotes11

19 23
23
28
32
34
38
42
44
47
51
59
65

Contents

© Lisa Kristine

9

Table 1

Global estimates results at a glance

Children in

employmentOf which: Children in child labourOf which: Children in hazardous work

201220162012201620122016

World (5-17 years)Number (000s)264 427218 019167 956151 62285 34472 525

Prevalence (%)16.713.810.69.65.44.6

Age range

5-14 years Number (000s)144 066130 364120 453114 47237 84135 376

Prevalence (%)11.810.69.99.33.12.9

15-17 years

Number (000s)120 36287 65547 50337 14947 50337 149

Prevalence (%)33.024.913.010.513.010.5

Sex (5-17 years) Male Number (000s)148 327123 19099 76687 52155 04844 774

Prevalence (%)18.115.012.210.76.75.5

Female

Number (000s)116 10094 82968 19064 10030 29627 751

Prevalence (%)15.212.48.98.44.03.6

Region

(5-17 years)

Africa

Number (000s)--99 417--72 113--31 538

Prevalence (%)--27.1--19.6--8.6

Americas

Number (000s)--17 725--10 735--6 553

Prevalence (%)--8.8--5.3--3.2

Asia and

Number (000s)129 35890 23677 72362 07733 86028 469

Prevalence (%)15.510.79.37.44.13.4

Europe and

Central AsiaNumber (000s)--8 773--5 534--5 349

Prevalence (%)--6.5--4.1--4.0

Arab States

Number (000s)--1 868--1 162--616

Prevalence (%)--4.6--2.9--1.5

© Lisa Kristine

11

Executive

summary

The Sustainable Development Goals in

clude a renewed global commitment get 8.7 of the Sustainable Development

Goals calls on the global community to:

Take immediate and effective

measures to eradicate forced labour, end modern slavery and prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, includ soldiers, and by 2025 end child labour in all its forms.

ILO"s quadrennial report series on glob

al estimates of child labour, charts how far we have come and how far we still have to go to honour this commitment to ending child labour. The report de scribes the scale and key characteristics of child labour in the world today, as well as changes in the global child labour situ ation over time. It also discusses key poli cy priorities in the campaign to reach the estimation exercise that underpins it, fort under Alliance 8.7 to measure and monitor progress towards target 8.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals.

They show a dramatic decline in child

began monitoring child labour in 2000.

But the estimates also indicate that the

pace of decline has slowed considerably in the last four years, precisely at a time when substantial acceleration is needed for ending child labour. The bottom line is that we remain far from the world we gaged in child labour, almost half them in its worst forms.

The challenge of ending child labour re

mains formidable. boys - are in child labour globally, ac counting for almost one in ten of all chil dren worldwide. Nearly half of all those in child labour - 73 million children in abso lute terms - are in hazardous work that directly endangers their health, safety, and moral development. Children in em ployment, a broader measure comprising both child labour and permitted forms of employment involving children of legal working age, number 218 million.

The dynamic picture indicates that we

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