2013 AAHA/AAFP Fluid Therapy Guidelines for Dogs and Cats
Veterinary practice guidelines such as the recently published 2013. AAHA/AAFP Fluid Therapy Guidelines for Dogs and Cats
IV Fluid Therapy Calculations.pdf
The basics: • Maintenance fluid rate for an adult dog or cat is estimated as 2mL/kg/hr OR. 50mL/kg/24 hours. • e.g. 35kg dog: Maintenance = 35kg x 2 = 70mL/
2013 AAHA/AAFP Fluid Therapy Guidelines for Dogs and Cats*
ABSTRACT. Fluid therapy is important for many medical conditions in veterinary patients. The assessment of patient history chief complaint
The Basics of Fluid Therapy
common therapies provided in small animal medicine. Patients are given fluids for many reasons and the number of available fluids is growing.
Treatment of Calf Diarrhea: Oral Fluid Therapy
Effect of suckling an isotonic solution of sodium acetate sodium bicarbonate
Companion animal fluid therapy part 2: planning and monitoring
19 sep 2016 Animals may require fluid therapy for numerous reasons including restoration of intravascular volume
Dehydration and fluid therapy
Anuria or 'failure to urinate' is a commonly encountered presentaion. Although it is important to consider obstruction any time an animal does not pass urine
2013 AAHA/AAFP Fluid Therapy Guidelines for Dogs and Cats – Tip
Note: Do not add KCl to fluids used for rapid intravascular expansion. *Do not exceed 0.5 mEq/kg/hr. DiBartola SP. Fluid Therapy in Small. Animal Practice. 3rd
Niveles séricos de magnesio en perros sanos sometidos a la
13 evaluated renal function in healthy dogs by administering cisplatin at a dose of 60 mg/ m² with 21-day intervals for three sessions
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10 nov 2014 FLUID therapy in large animal practice is commonly undertaken with the two most likely scenarios being in a calf with diarrhoea and a sick ...
2013 AAHA/AAFP Fluid Therapy Guidelines for Dogs and Cats
Fluid therapy is important for many medical conditions in veterinary patients. Available at: www.cdc.gov/hicpac/pdf/guidelines/bsi-guidelines-2011.pdf.
IV Fluid Therapy Calculations.pdf
Useful Information. IV Fluid Therapy Calculations. The basics: • Maintenance fluid rate for an adult dog or cat is estimated as 2mL/kg/hr OR.
2013 AAHA/AAFP Fluid Therapy Guidelines for Dogs and Cats*
Fluid therapy is important for many medical conditions in veterinary patients. AAFP American Association of Feline Practitioners; AAHA American Animal.
Dehydration and fluid therapy
Anuria or 'failure to urinate' is a commonly encountered presentaion. Although it is important to consider obstruction any time an animal does not pass urine
2013 AAHA/AAFP Fluid Therapy Guidelines for Dogs and Cats – Tip
This tip sheet was developed by the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) to provide information for practitioners regarding fluid therapy for dogs and
Fluid therapy in real-life practice: All you need to know!
Thanks to Abbott Animal Health for sponsoring tonight's VetGirl webinar! service offering veterinary RACE-approved CE ... Why!do!we!need!fluid!therapy?!
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Nov 10 2014 FLUID therapy in large animal practice is commonly undertaken
Fluid Therapy for the Emergent Small Animal Patient
Fluid therapy is essential in the treatment of emergent veterinary patients and includes crystalloid solutions blood component therapy
CATTLE FLUID THERAPY IN FOCUS
Jan 25 2010 Oral fluids are a cost-effective means to rehydrate cattle with mild or moderate hypovolaemia or dehydration. Oral fluid therapy should be ...
Fluid Therapy
Oct 3 2018 5. Physical examination findings of hypovolemia. (Table 1) include tachycardia in dogs
(PDF) Fluid therapy in farm animals - ResearchGate
12 avr 2019 · PDF FLUID THERAPY IN FARM ANIMALS Find read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate
[PDF] 2013 AAHA/AAFP Fluid Therapy Guidelines for Dogs and Cats
Assess for three types of fluid disturbances 1 Changes in volume (e g dehydration blood loss heart disease) a Fluid deficit calculation for dehydration:
[PDF] IV Fluid Therapy Calculations
Useful Information IV Fluid Therapy Calculations The basics: • Maintenance fluid rate for an adult dog or cat is estimated as 2mL/kg/hr OR
[PDF] 2013 AAHA/AAFP Fluid Therapy Guidelines for Dogs and Cats*
Items of particular importance in evaluating the need for fluids are described in Table 1 Next develop a treatment plan by first determining the appropriate
[PDF] Dehydration and fluid therapy - Brooke
Estimate the volume of fluid that the animal requires to treat the fluid deficit Table 6 2 1 shows an estimation of the percentage dehydration of an equid
[PDF] Fluid Therapy in Hospitalized Patients - Todays Veterinary Practice
Fluid therapy is an essential component of the treatment plan in many hospitalized small animal patients Choice of fluid type and
[PDF] Fluid therapy in real-life practice: All you need to know! - VETgirl
Fluid Therapy Dehydration? __ dehydration x __wt in kg = ___L Example: 20 kg dog who is 8 dehydrated requires 1 6 L 20 kg patient is 10 dehydrated
[PDF] Fluid Therapy in Small Ruminants and Camelids
repeated 1 Therefore the authors rarely use oral fluid therapy in camelids In general the animals most likely to benefit from oral fluid therapy are
[PDF] Practical fluid therapy in companion animals – part 1 Vet Times
5 sept 2016 · Fluid therapy is a common and usually essential part of a treatment plan for most veterinary patients including management of medical
What is fluid therapy in animals?
IV fluid therapy is very common in veterinary practice and allows practitioners to restore intravascular volume, correct dehydration, and administer IV medications.What is the formula for fluid therapy in animals?
The volume of rehydration fluids required is determined by reassessing hydration parameters after resuscitation, using the following formula: % dehydration × body wt (kg) × total body water (0.6). This volume is commonly administered throughout 4–12 hours with standard isotonic, balanced electrolyte replacement fluids.What are the different types of fluid in fluid therapy in animals?
There are five broad categories of fluids used in veterinary practice: 1) crystalloids, 2) colloids, 3) blood products, 4) hemoglobin-based oxygen carrying solutions, and 5) parenteral nutrition.- Fluid therapy is indicated either when there is a loss of fluid to any part of these compartments or there is a risk of loss of fluid. The severity of the fluid loss, and the compartment from which it has been lost, influence the choice of fluid and the speed at which it needs to be administered.
IV Fluid Therapy Calculations
Year Group: BVSc3 +
Document number: CSL_A10
Equipment for this station:
Considerations for this station:
Equipment list:
Please inform a member of staff if equipment is damaged or about to run out.IV Fluid Therapy Calculations
Calculator
Pen Paper Every patient should be assessed as an individual and the plan for fluid therapy adjusted accordingly.Useful Information
IV Fluid Therapy Calculations
The basics:
Maintenance fluid rate for an adult dog or cat is estimated as 2mL/kg/hr OR50mL/kg/24 hours
e.g. 35kg dog: Maintenance = 35kg x 2 = 70mL/hour or 50mL x 35kg = 1750mL/24 hours Maintenance fluid rate for puppy or kitten may be estimated as 3-4mL/kg/hrFluid deficit:
If present, the fluid deficit needs to be calculated and this can be done by estimating the percentage dehydration: e.g. A 35kg dog that is estimated to be 8% dehydrated Percentage dehydration is estimated to be 8% of the body weight and then this is converted into fluid units: e.g. 35kg x 0.08 = 2.8kg1kg = 1L, therefore the dog has a 2800mL fluid deficit
If the fluid lost is to be replaced over 24 hours, the maintenance requirement is added to the fluid deficit to work out the total amount to be given over a 24 hour period: e.g. 1750mL + 2800mL = 4550mL over 24 hours In a severely dehydrated animal the deficit may be replaced over 24 hours, though more of less may be appropriate depending on the case and response to treatment. If a patient is in shock, generally a bolus of fluids will be given over a short period of time rather than increasing the fluid rate so that the fluid deficit is replaced more quickly.Ongoing losses:
Fluid rates must be adjusted according to the ongoing losses such as vomiting, diarrhoea, haemorrhage. The volume of fluid that is being lost should be estimated in each case and then adjusted depending on disease progression and clinical assessment.Useful Information
IV Fluid Therapy Calculations
Once the overall fluid rate per hour has been calculated, taking into consideration maintenance, deficit and on-going loss, this information can be entered into an infusion pump if this is available. If not a drip rate needs to be calculated in mL/minute: e.g. A dog needs 116mL/hour116mL/hour/60 = 1.93mL/minute
The amount needed per minute then has to be multiplied by the drops/mL that the giving set delivers. This can be found on the giving set. Use this to convert the amount needed in mL per minute to the number of drops per minute. e.g. A 20drops/mL giving set1.93mL/min x 20 = 38 drops per minute
Set up the giving set to deliver 38 drops per minute To check, the drip rate can be measured over a shorter period of time e.g. 19 drops over 30 seconds, ~10 drops over 15 seconds Note: Fluid administration rates can be controlled more accurately using an infusion pump. Current practice for fluid administration during anaesthesia:2-4mL/kg/hr (healthy animal, minimal fluid losses e.g. blood loss or
evaporation) Faster rates may be required for individual animals i.e. for different cases and situations Work through the following scenarios, the answers are on the next 2 pages.1.Calculate the drip rate required for a 6 year old female DSH undergoing a
routine dental. She weighs 3.4kg and otherwise healthy. The giving set delivers 60 drops/mL.2.A 15 week old, 6.8kg puppy has been admitted with vomiting and
diarrhoea that have been present for 2 days. The puppy is 6% dehydrated which needs to be corrected over 24 hours. What fluids will be used initially for the puppy and what drip rate would be used? The giving set delivers 20 drops/mL.3.A dog is admitted following an road traffic accident (RTA) and is in
hypovolaemic shock. The dog weighs 35kg and you decide that it needs a bolus of fluids. You decide to give it a 30mL/kg bolus over 20 minutes. The giving set delivers 20 drops/mL.What would the drip rate be? What could be done to try to ensure the animal received this volume in the time required?4.A 4.7kg, 9 year old MN DSH cat has been admitted with a severely
distended and painful bladder due to a urethral obstruction. You successfully catheterise the urethra but the cat is 10% dehydrated. He has a high (raised) potassium and is depressed. What would be the setting of an infusion pump to deliver a bolus of 25mL/kg over 30 minutes? What fluid type would be most appropriate in this case?Questions
IV Fluid Therapy Calculations
Answers
1.Calculate the drip rate required for a 6 year old female DSH undergoing a
routine dental. She weighs 3.4kg and otherwise healthy. The giving set delivers 60 drops/mL.3.4kg x 4mL/hour = 13.6 mL/hr
13.6mL/hour / 60 = 0.226mL/minute
0.226mL/minute x 60drops/mL = 13.5 drops/minute
= 0.225 drops/second = approx. 1 drop every 5 seconds2.A 15 week old, 6.8kg puppy has been admitted with vomiting and diarrhoea
that have been present for 2 days. The puppy is 6% dehydrated which needs to be corrected over 24 hours. What fluids will be used initially for the puppy and what drip rate would be used? The giving set delivers 20 drops/mL. Maintenance = 3mL/kg/hr x 24 hrs = 72mL/kg/24hrs = 489.6mLDeficit = 6.8kg x 0.06 (% dehydration) = 408mL
Total over 24 hours = 489.6mL + 408mL = 897.6mL
897.6mL /24 hrs = 37.4mL/hr
37.4mL /60min = 0.623mL/min
0.623mL/min x 20drops/mL = 12.5 drops/min
0r if you had used 4mL/kg/hr. Answer: 15 drops/min
= 0.25 drops/second = approx. 1 drop every 4 seconds If the puppy continues to vomit and have diarrhoea, these ongoing losses with need to be factored in to the fluid therapy plan. N.B. It is important to monitor the response to treatment and alter the fluid rate accordingly; the initial calculations are only the starting point.IV Fluid Therapy Calculations
Answers
3.A dog is admitted following an road traffic accident (RTA) and is in
hypovolaemic shock. The dog weighs 35kg and you decide that it needs a bolus of fluids. You decide to give it a 10mL/kg bolus over 10 minutes. The giving set delivers 20 drops/mL.What would the drip rate be? What could be done to try to ensure the animal received this volume in the time required?35Kg x 10mL/kg = 350mL over 10 minutes
350mL x 6 = 2100mL over 1 hour
2100 /60 = 535mL/minute
35mL/minute x 20 drops/mL = 700 drops/minute
= 11.6 drops every second It would be difficult to accurately set a giving set to this speed and most infusion pumps would not work at this speed ʹso if this is what is required the bag would need to be squeezed. Another options would be to place another i.v.catheter and run 2 bags of fluid in at once.4.A 4.7kg, 9 year old MN DSH cat has been admitted with a severely distended
and painful bladder due to a urethral obstruction. You successfully catheterise the urethra but the cat is 10% dehydrated. He has a high (raised) potassium and is depressed. What would be the setting of an infusion pump to deliver a bolus of 25mL/kg over 30 minutes? What fluid type would be most appropriate in this case? Either 0.9% NaClor Hartmanswould be suitable in this case.4.7kg x 25mL/kg = 117.5mL over 30 minutes
117.5mL x 2 = 235mL/hr
Enter 117.5mL under VTBI (volume to be infused) on the infusion pump N.B. Normally the value would be rounded up or down i.e. 117.5 set as 120mLIV Fluid Therapy Calculations
In cases of lower urinary tract obstruction and hypoadrenocorticoid (Addisonian) crisis where there is hyperkalaemia, crystalloids that contain concentration of potassium in the fluids is still lower than the concentration in the blood, which will therefore be lowering the potassium concentration in the blood. These fluids are also more balanced and lead to a more rapid resolution of the acidosis that is present.Drobatzet. al. (2008). The influence of crystalloid type on acid-base and electrolyte status of cats with
urethral obstruction. Journal of Emergency and Veterinary Clinical Care. 18, 4, 355-361. When administering fluids to an animal of small body size e.g. a cat or small dog, it may be advisable to empty (remove) some of the fluid from the bag to prevent the inadvertent administration of an excessive volume of fluid. Do not replace an empty bag without considering the current fluid status and requirements and the risk of fluid overdose to the animal.Common infusion pump abbreviations:
VTBI = volume to be infused
If administering a bolus enter the total amount. Once the infusion pump has infused this set amount it will stop and the animal will no longer receive fluids (and most pumps then beep loudly).RATE = rate e.g. 2mL/kg/hr
VI = volume infused. This is the total amount of fluid the patient has received (as long as this was reset when the patient was first put on the drip).IV Fluid Therapy Calculations
Additional Information
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