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French Pronunciation Charts

1

What follows are two representations of French pronunciations: 1. a list of all the French spellings in all

positions and linkings with their IPA equivalent; and 2. a list of all IPA sounds found in the French

language and their spellings. In learning to correctly pronounce French without the aid of a IPA

transcriptions, I find it best for the beginning student to follow the route of the French spellings rather that

working from the sounds themselves. Although there aremanyrules and spellings, French is an extremely

regular language. With the exception of a few words with variable word endings and some proper nouns,

almost all French words will follow the rules to the letter.

Part one: French Spellings - Vowel Pronunciation

French spellings for the vowel-aIPAFrench example with IPA -aor-àusuallyParis [ là -âin a few verb formsallâtes -â(except as above) -abeforeandsounds pale extase lacer -ai, -aî, -aie, -ais, -aise, -ait, -aientusuallymais -aiin some verb forms offairewhen before [z]faisais faisons -aifinalgai -ail, -aill, -ailletravail cailloux -aim, -ainwhen final or before a consonant except -mor -n, or -hfaim ainsi -aim, -ainwhen followed by a vowelaime plaine -am, -an, -aonwhen final or before a consonant ex. -mor -n, or -hchamp fumant -am, -anwhen followed by a vowel or another -mor -n tamis manne -auchaud -aubefore -rFauré -ay, -aye, -ayespayer French spellings for vowel-eIPAFrench example with IPA -éété père forêts

Noël

-ebefore a single consonant and a vowelcheval -ebefore two consonantselle -ebefore final pronounced consonantsfer -ebefore final silent consonants (except -sand -t)pied -efinal spokensilentparle sungparle -efinal in monosyllablesje -erfinal - generally in non-verb formshiver -erfinal - in verb endings and some nouns and adjectives.parler boulanger -esfinalparles -esfinal in monosyllables before a closed vowel -esfinal in monosyllables before an open vowel les des -etfinalfilet et(the words meaningand)et -eaubeau -eiseize -eim& -einwhen final or before a consonant ex. -mor -n, or -hplein -em& -enwhen final or before a consonant ex. -mor -n, or -hensemble -em& -enwhen followed by a vowel the -eis not nasaltenir tennis -emm& -ennwhen initial remain nasal exceptennemiemmêler ennui -enafter -iviens -entfinalfirmament -entfinal in third person plural verb endingsparlent -euin the interior of a wordheure -eubefore [z]creuse -euas a final soundpeu -gebefore a back vowel(-a, -o, -u)Georges French spellings for the vowel -iIPAFrench example with IPA -isingle including before a mute -efinir -îwith thecirconflexeîle -ïwith thediérèseAïda -ipreceding a stressed vowelbien

Final-iland-ille,andmedial-illaille

-illandillewith no other vowelfille -imand -inwhen final or before a consonant ex. -mor -n, or -htimbre brin French spellings for the vowel -oIPAFrench example with IPA -opreceding a consonant or a voweldoter -owhen final soundmot -ôôter -obefore [z]rose -oeand-oeucoeur -oivoix -oinwhen final or before a consonant ex. -hloin -oyroyal -ouare before a stressed voweloui -om-onwhen final or before a consonant ex. -mor -n, or -hnom -eon.pigeon -ou, -oùand -oûvous French spellings for the vowel -uIPAFrench example with IPA -uafterg-andq-silentguitare -u,- û, -ü(e),and-uemurmure -umand-unfollowed by a vowel, but not -m,-n, or -h.unanime -uewhen followed by -il, -ill,or -illeorgueil -quewhen final or not followed by double consonantsque -ueuafter -gand -qvainqueur -ubefore a stressed vowellui -umand-unwhen final or before a consonant except-mor -n, or -hbrun French spellings for the vowel -yIPAFrench example with IPA -yor -ÿexcept when nasalmartyr -ymand -ynbefore a vowelhymne -ynand -ymwhen final or before a consonant ex. -mor -n, or -hthym -yinitial in a wordyeux -ybetween two vowelsroyal

Consonant pronunciation

While consonant pronunciation is considerably easier than for vowels, it still offers some challenges for

the singer. Each individual consonant will be presented with a minimum of two pronunciation examples:

first, a general pronunciation for the single and double consonant in the initial and medial position, and

second, a possible final pronunciation. If such exist, pronunciation variants in liaison, and combination

will also be presented.

LetterFrench SpellingIPAFrench Word with IPA

b-bor -bbinitial and medialbeau abbesse finalsilentplomb followed by -sor -tabsolu c-cbefore a front vowel (-e, -i, or -y)ciel -ccbefore a front vowel (-e, -i, or -y)accent -cor -ccbefore a back vowel (-a, -o, -u) or a cons.encore finalparc final after -nsilentblanc -ctfinaldirect silentrespect -çwith theçédillegarçon -chblanche -chin words of Greek originChrist -cquacquisition d-dor -ddinitial or medialdoux addition finalsilentpied in liaisongrand_arbre f-for -ffinitial or medialenfant effort finalcomparatif in liaisonneuf_heures g-gbefore a front vowel (-e, -i, or -y)sabotage -ggbefore a front vowel (-e, -i, or -y)suggestion -gor -ggbefore a back vowel (-a, -o, -u) or a cons.grave finalsilentsang in liaisonsang_et eau -gebefore a back vowel (-a, -o, -u) or a consonantpigeon -gubefore a front vowel (-e, -i, or -y)gigue -gncompagnon -gtsilentdoigt hInitial -h is classified as mute and aspirate - both are always silent but, -hinitial mute allows liaison or elisionsilentdouze_heure -hinitial aspirate allows no linkingsilenttres *hideuse -hmedialsilentsouhaiter j-jjardin kfound in words of foreign origin onlykilo finalkodak l-lor -llinitial or mediallarge ballet finalideal -il, -ill, and -ille(but not final -ile)soleil papillonsj famille In the these words and their derivativesmille(thousand) tranquille(tranquil) ville(villages) m-mor -mminitial or medialmardi flamme after a nasal vowelsilentparfum in liaisonnom_à tiroirs n-nor -nninitial or medialneige année after a nasal vowelsilentensemble in liaisonen_aimant p-por -ppinitial or medialcaptive support finalsilenttrop in liaisontrop_en -mptsilentcompter -phphilosophe q-quinitial or medialliqueur finalcinq in liaisoncinq_enfants rSpoken French makes use of the uvularthat is appropriate for dialogue and cabaret songs. -ror-rrinitial,rapide -ror-rrmedial or finalgarage terrible hiver -er, -ier, or -yerfinal in some nouns and adjectivessilentfoyer (noun) -erin the infinitive verb formparler s-sand -ssinitial or medialséance

Debussy

-smedial between vowelsmaison -sfinalsilenttoujours -sfinal in exceptionshélas lis fils in liaisonmes_yeux] -scbefore a front vowel (-e, -i, or -y)descendre -scbefore a back vowel (-a, -o, -u) or a consonantscandale -schinitial or medialschéma t-tor -ttinitial or medialtotal glotte -tfinalsilenttuot -tin liaisontout_un -thThomas -tiin endings -tionand -tienceattention -tiewhen finalsortie v-vinitial or medialsouvenir w-wfound in words of foreign originWagon xbefore consonantstexte before vowels or -hexemple in numbersdeuxieme in liaisondeux_enfants zinitial or medialzèle douze finalsilentchez

Final as an exceptionBerlioz

Part two: A list of French sounds with some of the more common French spellings.

Adapted and expanded fromLe Petit RobertCD-Rom.

VowelsConsonants

il, épi, lyrepère, soupe blé, aller, chez,et, j'ai,testerre, vite lait, merci, fète, Noël, forêts, hiver,Seigneur soleil, hotel, bouquetcou,qui, sac,képi ami, patti,bon, robe pas, pâtedans, aide fort, donner, solgar, bague,gui mot, dôme,eau, saulefeu, neuf,photo genou, rouesale,celui,ça, dessous, tasse peu, deux, creusechat, tacheschéma peur, meuble, ceuilevous, rêve brin, plein, bainzéro, maison, rose sans, ventje,gilet,geôle ton,ombre, bontélent, sol lundi, brun, parfumrue, venir mot, flamme

Semi-vowelsnous, tonne, animal

yeux, paille, pied, panieragneau, vigne oui, fouet, joua, joie huile, lui|no liaison or elision allowedquotesdbs_dbs10.pdfusesText_16

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