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Made possible

by the generous support of

Lilly Endowment, Inc.

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WITH

STUDENT GUIDE ACTIVITIES

BY

JANE HEDEEN

Hoosiers and the american story

was made possible by the generous support of Lilly Endowment, Inc.

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indiana histoRiCal soCiEty PREss | indianaPolis | 2014

©2014 Indiana Historical Society Press

?is book is a publication of the

Indiana Historical Society Press

Eugene and Marilyn Glick Indiana History Center

450 West Ohio Street

Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-3269 USA

www.indianahistory.org educators, Schools, and Libraries: General Orders:

Telephone orders 1-317-233-4549

Telephone orders 1-800-447-1830

Fax orders 1-317-234-0427 Fax orders 1-317-234-0562

Online orders http://education@indianahistory.org

Online orders http://shop.indianahistory.org

e paper in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39. 48-1984

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in, or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by

any means (electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise) without the prior written permission of the copyright owner.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Madison, James H.

Hoosiers and the American story / James H. Madison and Lee Ann Sandweiss ; with student guide activities by Jane Hedeen.

pages cm

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-87195-363-6 (cloth : alk. paper)

1. Indiana—History—Juvenile literature. I. Sandweiss, Lee Ann. II. Hedeen, Jane. III. Title.

F526.3.M34 2014

977.2—dc23

2014022825

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Illustration credits for front cover: Credit lines below start with television at top of page and move

clockwise around circle. In general, images that are in the book and from the Indiana Historical Society

are not listed below: RCA Color TV, Indiana State Museum and Historic Sites May Wright Sewall, Photo by Marceau & Power, Indianapolis; Sewall Collection, Library of Congress McCormick-Deering Combine, Martin Collection, Indiana Historical Society Ball Jar, Minnetrista Heritage Collection, Muncie, Indiana Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, Bass Photo Company Collection, Indiana Historical Society Klansman, Ball State University Libraries, Archives, and Special Collections Albert Von Tilzer, Gift of Dr. Herbert I. London, Indiana Historical Society Albion Fellows Bacon, Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division

Tecumseh, Toronto (Canada) Public Library

Indiana Statehouse, Bass Photo Company Collection, Indiana Historical Society

World War I soldier, Indiana Historical Society

500-Mile Race winner, 1934, Bass Photo Company Collection, Indiana Historical Society

James Dean, painted by Mark Dillman, 1989, Indiana Historical Society Hardee Hat, Gettysburg National Military Park, Pennsylvania

Mastodon, Indiana State Museum and Historic Sites

William Conner, Conner Prairie Interactive History Park, Fishers, Indiana Madam C. J. Walker, Madam C. J. Walker Collection, Indiana Historical Society

Kurt Vonnegut Jr., Vonnegut Family Archives

1959 Studebaker, Bass Photo Company Collection, Indiana Historical Society

Farm Workers, Gift of Rheta Eversman, Indiana Historical Society Streetcar, Indianapolis, 1939, Bass Photo Company Collection, Indiana Historical Society

Duck, Maple Leaf Farms, Inc.

Jimmy McDaniels on Saxophone,

Indianapolis recorder

Collection, Indiana Historical Society

Stephanie White, Purdue Women's Basketball, Purdue Athletic Communications Blackford County Courthouse, Chris Flook Indiana Courthouse Photographs Collection, Ball State University Libraries, Archives, and Special Collections

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Students from North Central High School and Carmel High School at the Na tional History Day Indiana Central District Contest on March 15, 2014. National History

Day challenges

students to do the work of historians by choosing topics related to an a nnual theme and then researching, analyzing, and presenting their work to judges. Projects ta ke the form of exhibits, documentaries, websites, papers, and performances. Participating student s overwhelmingly report a preference for NHD over traditional classroom activities becaus e it improves their research skills and strengthens their interest in history. opposite: Noah Sandweiss wrote this poem for an assignment in his fourth grade social studies class in Bloom ington, Indiana, in 2006. Fourth graders throughout Indiana study the state's early history and work on projects, such as this poem.

PHOTO BY EL

E NA RI PPE L

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Indianaby noah sandweiss, grade 4, 2006

I am Indiana.

I wonder how my people will act in the future.

I hear gunshots.

I want America to be peaceful.

I am the nineteenth state.

I pretend I am myself two hundred years ago.

I feel my limestone will be dug out.

I touch my neighbor Illinois' soft corn?elds.

I worry my nature will be gone.

I cry for the natives who were moved west.

I am in the Midwest.

I understand I'm not how I used to be.

I say I'm proud to be the Crossroads of America.

I dream of governors in the future.

I try to remember La Salle.

I hope the next president will be from me.

I am a state with ninety-two counties.

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CONTENTS

Foreword xiii?e Indiana Historical Society and Indiana's BicentennialPreface xv How to Get the Most from ?is Bookacknowledgmentsxvii

Our ?anksIntroduction1

Hoosier Americanschapter 1: native americans in american History 5

1.1: Major Native American Groups in Indiana, 1700s-1830s 9

1.2: e Prophet and Tecumseh 13

1.3: Frances Slocum/Maconaquah (1773-1847) 17

1.4: e Potawatomi Trail of Death 21selected bibliography 26Student Guide Activities 27chapter 2: american expansion across the appalachian Mountains 31

2.1: George Rogers Clark and the Fall of Vincennes 36

2.2: Indiana from the Northwest Ordinance through Statehood 40

2.3: William Henry Harrison (1773-1841) 45

2.4: William Conner (1777-1855) 49selected bibliography 52Student Guide Activities 53chapter 3: Pioneers and Politics 56

3.1: Abraham Lincoln, Hoosier 62

3.2: Connecting Indiana: Building Early Roads and Canals 66

3.3: Development of Indiana"s Educational System 71

3.4: 1851 Constitution 75selected bibliography 79Student Guide Activities 80

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Chapter 4: Abolition and Civil War 854.1: antislavery agents and the Underground railroad 90

4.2: Hoosier Attitudes toward Slavery 94

4.3: Indiana"s Black Civil War Regiment 98

4.4: Hoosier Ocers and Ordinary Soldiers 104Selected Bibliography 109Student Guide Activities 110Chapter 5: The Age of Industry Comes to Indiana 115

5.1: Indiana in the railroad age 119

5.2: Changes in Agriculture 123

5.3: Industrialization 127

5.4: Labor 132Selected Bibliography 136Student Guide Activities 137Chapter 6: Immigrants, Cars, Cities, and a New Indiana 141

6.1: Immigrants come to Indiana, 1850-1920 144

6.2: African American Hoosiers 148

6.3: Hoosiers Make Cars 152

6.4: Gary, A New City 158Selected Bibliography 162Student Guide Activities 163Chapter 7: Progressive Era Politics and Reform 167

7.1: Benjamin Harrison and Indiana-style Politics 172

7.2: Improving Hoosiers: dr. John n. Hurty and Progressive Health reform 178

7.3: albert J. Beveridge: Hoosier reformer in the nation's spotlight 183

7.4: albion Fellows Bacon: Indiana's Housing reformer 188Selected Bibliography 192Student Guide Activities 194Chapter 8: The Roaring Twenties 197

8.1: a Klan state? 201

8.2: "Hoosier Hysteria": ?e rise of Basketball in Indiana 208

8.3: risky Business: Bootleg Booze, Flappers, and French lick 214

8.4: ?e Musical state of Indiana 219Selected Bibliography 223Student Guide Activities 225

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Chapter 9: The Great Depression and World War II 2299.1: Governor Paul V. ncnutt and the "little new deal" 234

9.2: new deal Projects in Indiana 240

9.3: World War II: Hoosiers on the Home Front 246

9.4: eli lilly and company: a Hoosier Family Business Goes Global 251Selected Bibliography 255Student Guide Activities 256Chapter 10: Economic Change Blows through the Hoosier State 260

10.1: car culture and suburbanization 265

10.2: educating Hoosiers: ?e evolution of Indiana Public schools 269

10.3: Farming advances and adaptations 273

10.4: rca: a tale of "creative destruction" 277Selected Bibliography 282Student Guide Activities 284Chapter 11: Justice, Equality, and Democracy for All Hoosiers 289

11.1: robert Kennedy and the 1968 Indiana Primary 293

11.2: ?e struggle for school desegregation in Indiana 299

11.3: equal rights for Hoosier Women 307

11.4: ?e Messy Business of democracy 311Selected Bibliography 316Student Guide Activities 318Conclusion322

Hoosiers in our timeGlossary327Index329Maps

Physiographic Map of Indiana 6

?e Indians in Indiana 9

Potawatomi "trail of death," 1838 22

Early Americans Move West 34

Kekionga, 1790 40

Development of the Indiana Territory 42

Indian Land Cessions 46

Settling Indiana 58

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Westward Moving Settlers 63

Early Routes of Transportation 67

Indiana"s Rail Network 116

Urban and Suburban Growth in Muncie, Delaware County, 1970-2014 266some Places to discover Indiana History

Discover more places to visit at http://www.indianahistory.org.

Angel Mounds State Historic Site, Evansville 7

Prophetstown State Park and Battle Ground, West Lafayette 14 Chief Menominee Memorial/Start of Potawatomi Trail of Death, Marshall County 23 George Rogers Clark National Historic Park, Vincennes 36

Corydon Capitol State Historic Site, Corydon 44

Grouseland, William Henry Harrison"s territorial home, Vincennes 45

Conner Prairie, Fishers 50

Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial, Lincoln City 65

New Harmony Historic District, New Harmony 73

Georgetown District and Historic Madison, Madison 90

Levi Con House, Fountain City 93

General Lew Wallace Study and Museum, Crawfordsville 104

Eugene V. Debs House, Terre Haute 135

Athenaeum, Indianapolis 145

Madame Walker eater, Indianapolis 151

Elwood Haynes Museum, Kokomo 153

Indianapolis Motor Speedway Museum, Indianapolis 155 Benjamin Harrison Presidential Site, Indianapolis 173

West Baden Springs Hotel, French Lick 218

Oubache State Park, Bluton 236

A Landmark for Peace

Memorial, Indianapolis 296

Indiana Statehouse, Indianapolis 314-15

O"Bannon Woods State Park, Corydon 323

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Foreword?e Indiana Historical society and Indiana's Bicentennial ?e bicentennial of Indiana statehood in 2016 presents a golden opportunity to engage Hoosiers in our collective past. ?e Indiana Historical Society - the state's oldest heritage organization, founded in

1830 - launched a wide range of exciting bicentennial

initiatives to make the history of Indiana personal and real. ?e e?orts include the Indiana Bicentennial Train, bringing a traveling exhibit called "?e Next Indiana" to sixteen communities around the state from

2013 through 2016. Exhibits in the IHS headquar-

ters at the Eugene and Marilyn Glick Indiana History Center featuring interactive guest experiences focus on some of the key narratives of state history, such as the formation of the state's 1816 constitution in Corydon, the founding of Eli Lilly and Company, the national impact of Ball Brothers canning jars during the Great Depression and World War II, the L. S. Ayres Company as a cauldron of innovation, and the art and artistry of

Hoosier painter T. C. Steele.

?e Indiana Historical Society will also make available to schools and teachers a new technologi- cal application of our Destination Indiana time travel gallery. ?rough Destination Indiana, teachers and students can choose the topic, time, or place they would like to explore and journey to their destinations on their computers, tablets, or smart phones. Students can also create their own journeys to submit to the growing database of "places" to visit. ?e IHS Press is publishing a number of new volumes that explore our state's history, covering many key topics such as a history of Indiana basketball and poignant biographies of two hundred Hoosiers - men and women who greatly a?ected the state - in a book skillfully edited by Linda C. Gugin and James E. St. Clair. Of all the books the Indiana Historical

Society is introducing, this book,

hoosiers and the american story by James H. Madison and Lee Ann Sandweiss may have the biggest impact. hoosiers and the american story will have many applications but has been created to be used in class- rooms in grades 8 through 12 as a supplement to

American history textbooks. It provides Indiana

examples for the great sweeping topics of American history from the European colonization and battle for empires, westward expansion, the Civil War, industri- alization, immigration, agricultural development, age of the automobile, and the ?ght for equal rights. ?at American history happened in their own backyards is a good thing for young Hoosiers to know as they take their place as citizens who must be engaged in the political process and make wise deci- sions now that will a?ect their future. As they grapple for solutions to today's challenges, understanding the historical background to enduring issues will play a vital part in choosing the best course. ?e Indianaquotesdbs_dbs31.pdfusesText_37

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