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Riga Technical University

Institute of Power Engineering

Department of Electric Power Supply

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION OF

RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS

Methodical Guidelines for

Practical Works

RTU Press

Riga 2019

ese methodological guidelines for practical works have been developed for students of the course “Electrical installation of residential buildings". It is a methodologi- cal material containing theoretical descriptions and design methodology for practical assignment as prescribed in the course programme. e study material has been developed for regular, external, and part-time students of electrical power engineering studies. e material includes the assignments, methodological materials, nal examination materials developed and col- lected by the Department of Electric Supply.

Proofreading: Daina Ostrovska

Design:

Baiba Puria

Cover Design:

Paula Lore

Cover picture from shutterstock.com

Published within the activity “Enhancement of the mobil- ity and employability of Lithuanian and Latvian specialists in the eld of electrical engineering and high voltage tech- nologies (LitLatHV)".

© Riga Technical University, 2019

ISBN

978-9934-22-155-2 (pdf)

K. B ≥rziāa. Electrical Installation of Residen- tial Buildings. Methodical Guidelines for Practical 3

Contents

Introduction ........................................................................ ............................4 1.

OBJECT STRUCTURE AND ARRANGEMENT

IN THE CONSTRUCTION SITE .......................................................................6 2. GENERAL PLAN OF THE OBJECT ............................................................8 3. CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS OF WIRING IN THE RESIDENTIAL BUILDING .......9 4.

DETERMINATION OF THE DESIGN POWER IN A NETWORK

WITH UNEVENLY LOADED PHASES .............................................................9 5. SELECTION OF LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS ...........11

5.1. Selection of low-voltage cables ...............................................................11

5.2. Selection of the main switchgear busbar .............................................12

5.3.Selection of current transformers and electricity meters................13

5.4. Selection of low-voltage fuses ...............................................................14

5.5. Selection of protective circuit breaker .................................................15

5.6. Calculation of three-phase short-circuit current ...............................16

5.7. Calculation of single-phase short-circuit current ...............................17

5.8. Example of drawing up selectivity chart .............................................19

5.9. Selection of cables .....................................................................................21

5.10. Selection of low-voltage load switches ..............................................21

5.11. Selection of switches ...............................................................................22

5.12. Selection of sockets .................................................................................23

5.13. Selection of earthing system ................................................................23

5.14. Explication of materials ..........................................................................25

6. TYPES OF ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND WIRING METHODS .....26

Special conditions. ....................................................................................27

6.1. Wiring peculiarities ...................................................................................27

6.1.1. Wiring in bathroom and shower room ........................................27

6.1.2. Wiring heights ..................................................................................28

6.1.3. Special room for engineering communication leads ..............28

6.1.4. Number of sockets and lamps

according to the accommodation type ...............................................29 7. GRAPHICAL PART ........................................................................ ...........30 List of literature ........................................................................ ....................31 .................................32 .................................38 4

Introduction

INTRODUCTION

e task of a practical assignment is to develop wiring for a residential building and to include an auxiliary building in the plan. e feeder link is an overhead or cable line that

Step-by-step plan:

draw up the general plan; draw the electric supply part of the axonometric drawing of the residential house; select ≥xed and mobile power using equipment and include a tankless water heater draw up the abridged circuit diagram of the residential building; calculate design power for each of the groups of the main switchgear and the house lead; select the necessary elements of the wiring system; calculate voltage deviation at one of the electrically most distant installation points and assess its admissibility; draw wiring plans for all oors of the residential building (in the basement, the plaster); write down the step-by-step plan for mounting a lampā/ socket on a brick/wooden surface. Additional task: draw connection circuit of a meter. 5

Introduction

Graphical partText

Storey layout plan with power

lines

Storey layout plan with lighting

system

Cross-sections of rooms and

power network nodes

Certificate

Specification of materials and

works

General indicators

Calculation of lighting

Calculation of earthing

Selection of electrical appliances

Calculation of short-circuit currents

Calculation of design load

Description of lightning protection and

overvoltage protection

Description of routing lighting and emergency

lighting system

Requirements for power supply reliability and

selection of a back-up power supply source

Information on the number and installed

power of installed equipment

Description of the electricity supply source of

object according to the technical requirements

Title page

Composition of the

construction plan

Content

Design assignment

Merchant"s registration

certificate

Circuit diagrams of

switchgears

Roof plan with lightning

protection

General plan

Calculations

Explanatory memorandum

Content of electricity supply project

of a residential house Fig.ģ1. Optimised structure of an electricity supply project of a residential house. 6

1. Object structure and arrangement in the construction site

1. OBJECT STRUCTURE AND ARRANGEMENT

IN THE CONSTRUCTION SITE

e explanatory note shall provide information on the following:

1) geographical arrangement of the section;

2) object"s address;

3) area of the house;

4) access roads;

5) options of electricity supply;

6) installed electric power P = ..... kW, cos = ......, earthing network: TN-C/TN-S/

TNC-S;

7) outer walls and partition walls of the building;

8) location of furniture (freely selected).

Functional use of buildings and description of the electric power: power of the xed and mobile using equipment located in the residential building. e residential building is a one-storey/two-storey building with/without basement. e total usable area of prem- 2 . e following electrical appliances are located in the house: washing machine: P = .... kW; dishwashing machine: P = .... kW; small technological kitchen device: .... kW, .... kW, .... kW, .... kW, .... kW; refrigerator: P = .... kW; electric stove: P = .... kW; tankless water heater: P = .... kW; electric motor for opening the garage gate: P = .... kW; other ≥xed using equipment: .... kW, .... kW, .... kW, .... kW, .... kW. 7

1. Object structure and arrangement in the construction site

Table 1.1

Possible power of using equipment and location of the equipment in premises

Room No.

(explications)Room typeUsing equipmentcos P, kW

EntranceLED bulbs0.900.012

HallRouter0.650.020

LED bulbs0.900.012

Auxiliary room

Boiler1.0010.000

Washing machine0.801.000

LED bulbs0.900.012

Dining room/kitchenTeapot1.002.500

Refrigerator0.651.400

Coffee machine0.901.500

Cooker hood0.750.250

Microwave oven0.751.500

Electric stove0.989.000

LED bulbs0.900.012

Household roomiRobot0.750.600

LED bulbs0.900.012

Living roomTV set0.650.150

DVD0.650.006

Decoder0.650.006

Mobile phone charger0.800.005

LED bulbs0.900.012

RoomLamp0.900.008

Computer0.650.100

Table lamp1.00

LED bulbs0.900.012

Table lamp0.900.008

LED bulb0.900.012

Bathroom

Hair dryer0.801.700

Electric razor0.750.015

LED bulb0.900.012

Fan0.750.020

Garage/shed/greenhouseLED bulb0.900.012

8

2. General plan of the object

2. GENERAL PLAN OF THE OBJECT

Table 2.1

Explication of buildings and structures

No. in the

plan

Name of the structureArea, m

2 Notes

1Residential building......

P uzst = ..., cos = ...

2Sauna......

P uzst = ..., cos = ...

3 Garage......

P uzst = ..., cos = ...

4Shed......

P uzst = ..., cos = ...

5Greenhouse......

P uzst = ..., cos = ...

Fig.?2.1. General plan of the object.

9

3. Circuit diagrams of wiring in the residential building

3. CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS OF WIRING IN THE

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

A1 switchgear must comply with the requirements of AS Sadales tkls and must be located outside the object"s territory so that it is easy accessible by an inspector. A1 meter- ing switchgear feeds the main switchgear A2 of the house from which the main cables to group switchgears lead according to the assignment variant. Cable routes shall be installed under the plaster everywhere. Lighting systems and socket network shall be designed to be separate. See an example of the circuit diagram in

4. DETERMINATION OF THE DESIGN POWER IN A

NETWORK WITH UNEVENLY LOADED PHASES

When designing electricity supply to a residential building, design power for both separate groups of the switchgear and the feeding lead in general must be determined, considering the existing or planned using equipment. ree-phase, two-phase, and single- of single-phase and two-phase using equipment can be divided unevenly. In this case, the equivalent three-phase power in the building lead is calculated using single-phase and two-phase consuming units. Real power is calculated as follows: PP ennmf

3, (4.1)

where P en P nmf to two-phase and single-phase voltage, W. PPP i inmffflin , (4.2) where P i i f - total power that is connected to the voltage of the maximum loaded phase, W; P in - power of the maximum loaded phase that is gained from two-phase using equipment, W. It can be calculated using the following equations (4.3)-(4.5): PPP L LL 11231
2 (4.3) where P L1 2

“1" and “2", W;

P L3,1

“3" and “1", W;

PPP L LL 21223
2 (4.4) where P L2 3

“2" and “3", W;

PPP L LL 32331
2 (4.5) Calculation of the reactive power is similar to the calculation of the real power. 10

4. Determination of the design power in a network with unevenly loaded phases

In practice, the group power should be divided in phases in the switchgear as evenly power, the power can be regarded as symmetrical. phase (L) using equipment are connected to the switchgear: P L1 , P L2 , P L3 and Q L1 , Q L2 , Q L3 are the total real and reactive power of the using equipment connected to the corresponding phase; P L1,2 , P L3,1 , P L2,3 and Q L1,2 , Q L3,1 , Q L2,3 are the total real and reactive power of the two-phase using equipment; using equations (4.3)-(4.5), it is possible to change from two-phase loads to single- phase loads and to sum P L1 , P L2 , P L3 and Q L1 , Q L2 , Q L3 P L and Q L is the real and reactive power of all three-phase groups of a switchgear. power in an unevenly loaded network S 3f that ows in the cable W feeding switchgear can be established according to (4.6): SPPQQ 31
2 1 2 33
fLLLLģ where P L1 - total real power of using equipment connected to phase L1, W; Q L1 - total reactive power of using equipment connected to phase L1, var; P L - total real power of three-phase using equipment, W; Q L - total reactive power of three-phase using equipment, var; All using equipment are not turned on simultaneously and not all using equipment operate with complete (rated) load; therefore, the actual power (design power) owing in power is determined considering the demand factor k p SkS

33faplpf

, (4.7) where S 3fapl - design power owing in the feeding cable W, VA k p - demand factor: kkk pvn , (4.8) where k v k n - load factor.

Table(4.1

Number of using

equipmentquotesdbs_dbs11.pdfusesText_17

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