[PDF] MIXTURES ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS - Junta de Andalucia PDF

such as water air

CLASSIFICATION OF MATTER WORKSHEET HOMOGENEOUS VS

9. air (with smog) heterogeneous 14. pure air homogeneous ... MIXTURES. Classify the following as pure substances (element or compound) or mixtures.

Chemistry: Classifying Matter Name______________________

If the material is a pure substance further classify it as either an air inside a balloon. Mixture. Homogeneous aluminum (Al). Pure Substance. Element.

Chemical Mixtures

A mixture is made when two or more substances are combined but they are not the mixture (salt water

Chapter 15: EXPLOSIVES DEFINITIONS 1. An explosive substance

An explosive substance is a solid or liquid substance (or mixture of A flammable gas is a gas having a flammable range with air at 20 °C and a standard ...

Pure substance or mixture

Pure air substance or mixture. Pure substance or mixture Any material that is not a mixture is called a pure substance. The substances also include ...

Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS

Air is a mixture of several gases but it is considered to be a pure substance. Nitrogen and gaseous air are pure substances. A mixture of liquid and

Globally harmonized system of Classification and Labelling of

substances or mixtures in such quantity or of such a character that other material more than air does” means pure gases or gas mixtures with an ...

Untitled

Compare and contrast a mixture and a compound. (heterogeneous or homogeneous). Matter. 1. Substance. Mixtures variable ratio ... 9. pure air. 10. iron.

Elements Compounds & Mixtures Worksheet

A pure substance containing only one kind of atom. An element is always uniform all the way through (homogeneous). An element cannot be separated into simpler

[PDF] Properties of Pure Substance

A substance that has a fixed chemical composition throughout is called a pure substance such as water air and nitrogen A pure substance does not have to be

[PDF] MIXTURES ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS - Junta de Andalucia

For example sea water air and vinegar Steel is a homogeneous mixture however it is made from iron and carbon A pure substance is different from a homo-

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To know the main substances that compose the air as well as the proportion of nitrogen and oxygen 15 To know the physical properties most important of water

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The air you breathe is a mixture of gases Many mixtures that we use such as the mixtures inside compact fluorescent light bulbs (CFLs) and batteries include

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Elements and compounds are pure substances A pure substance is a substance that has definite physical and chemical properties such as appearance melting point

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A mixture of phases of two or more substance is can still a pure substance if it is homogeneous like ice and water (solid and liquid) or water and steam (

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Any material that is not a mixture is called a pure substance The substances also include elements and compounds It is much more difficult to break down

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Differentiate among pure substances homogeneous mixtures Air – principle components include O2 N2 CO2 Brass – solid solution of Cu and Zn

[PDF] matter substances

All matter can be classified as either a substance (element or compound) or a mixture (heterogeneous or homogeneous) Substance can write chemical

Air is a mixture and not a compound because air can be separated into its constituents such as oxygen, nitrogen etc. by fractional distillation of liquid air. Air shows the properties of all the gases present in it.

Is pure air a substance or mixture?
Although air is a mixture consisting of roughly 78% of nitrogen, 21% of oxygen, and trace amounts of other gases and moisture, air is homogeneous and has distinct properties without phase changes in its composition in many thermodynamic processes. In such conditions, we can treat air as a pure substance.
Is air a substance of a mixture?
Air is nothing but a mixture of a variety of gasses. The air in the atmosphere consists of nitrogen, oxygen, which is the life-sustaining substance for animals and humans, carbon dioxide, water vapour and small amounts of other elements (argon, neon, etc.).
Is air always a pure substance?
- Air is not supposed to be considered as a pure substance. Because air is a mixture of different gases. - Air mostly contains nitrogen and oxygen in about 78% and 20% respectively. Note: Elements and compounds have a constant composition throughout and can thus be said as pure substances.
Air contains oxygen and nitrogen as its major constituents of air. These gases retain their properties in the air. Hence, air is considered a mixture.

IES LAURETUM

SCIENCE

NAME......................

2 EXPLAIN THE MEANING OF THE FOLLOWING WORDS AND GIVE AND

EXAMPLE:

1.Mixture

2.Homogeneous

3.Heterogeneous

4.Solution

5.Element

6.Compound

1. INTRODUCING MIXTURES

2. CLASSIFYING MIXTURES

3. SEPARATING MIXTURES

4. WHAT ARE SOLUTIONS?

5. PURE SUBSTANCES: ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS

6. STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM

1.INTRODUCING MIXTURES

Mixtures contain two or more substances that are not chemically joined. They can be made from both elements and compounds. Be- cause they are not chemically joined, the different substances that make up a mixture can be separated easily. The ratio of substances that make up a mixture isn"t fixed. We can"t write a formula for a mixture. Most common substances are mixtures. For example, the air in the at- mosphere is a mixture of various gases. Mixtures that appear uniform are called homogeneous. Mixtures where more than one part is distinguishable are called hetero- geneous.

ACTIVITIES

1.Complete and add more examples:

2. Does sand dissolve in water? Is a mixture of sand and water homo-

geneous or heterogeneous?

3. Copy and complete the text.

Sand ________ dissolve in water. When you mix sand and water you get a______ mixture. Sugar______ in water to form a __________ mixture. 4

2. CLASSIFICATING MIXTURES

HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES

In some mixtures, the components are clearly distinguishable. For ex- ample , most rocks contain a mixture of different minerals. Granite is a heterogeneous mixture because it is composed of minerals that are clearly distinguishable (each colour is a different mineral).

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES

In homogeneous mixtures, you can not distinguish each component with the naked eye. They have a uniform composition. For example sea water, air , and vinegar. Steel is a homogeneous mixture, however it is made from iron and carbon. A pure substance is different from a homo- geneous mixture because a pure substance has only one component. It has a homogeneous look. It has unique properties that characterise it, for example , its density.

ACTIVITIES

1. Complete the following sentences:

Matter can be c____________ by its appearance as:

H__________ : the appearance is not uniform. The c____________ can be distinguished. Homogeneous : its a_____________ is u____________. The c________ can not be distinguished.

2. What are the differences between pure substances and homogene-

ous mixtures. How are they similar?

3. Classify these things : homogeneous mixtures (1 ), heterogeneous

mixtures (2), or pure substances (3): -Sand and water (...)-Oxygen (...)-Iron (...)-Water (...)-Steel (...) -Sugar (...)-Juice (...)-Cornflakes and milk (...)-Water and oil (...) -Butter and salt (...)-Silver oxide (...)-Salt and water (...) -Plum cake (...)-Petrol (...)-Pizza (...)-Aluminum (...) 5

3. SEPARATING MIXTURES

Here are some methods of separating mixtures in the laboratory. These techniques can only be used to separate a mixture of substances that are not chemically combined.

SEAVING

Separates: Solids particles of different sizes.

Example: A mixture of sand and pebbles.

FILTRATION

Separates: Insoluble solids from liquids.

Example: Sand from a sugar solution.

CRYSTALLIZING

Separates: Soluble solids from their sol-

vent.

Example: Copper sulphate from water.

DISTILLATION

Separates: Mixtures of liquids with different

boiling points.

Example: A solution of water and alcohol.

ACTIVITIES

1. What method would be suitable for separating a mixture of sand and

salt solution?

2. Which types of substances can be separated using distillation?

3. Which methods of separation rely on the use of thermal energy?

4. WHAT ARE SOLUTIONS?

A solution is any homogeneous mixture. Solutions are usually liquid mixtures, that is , liquids with solid substances, such a water with sugar. The sugar is dissolved evenly throughout the liquid. The simplest solutions consist of two components: a solvent and a solute. The dis- solved substance is called the solute and the substance that it dis- solves into is called the solvent. Usually water is always solvent. However, solutions can be solid, liquid or gaseous: Solids with solids : alloys are special solutions: all their compo- nents are solids. For example steel ( iron and carbon ) .

Liquid within liquid : alcohol dissolved in water

Solid within liquid: salt dissolved in water

Gas within liquid: CO2dissolved in fizzy drinks.

ACTIVITIES

1. Copy these sentences. Fill in the blanks, choosing words from those

below: solvent solute dissolves soluble solution When salt is mixed with water, the salt _________ in the water. Salt is ______ in water. The water is called the ________ . The mixture is called a _____________.

2. Find out which of these common substances will dissolve in water:

sugar, sand, salt, talcum, powder, flour, bicarbonate of soda, oil, vine- gar. Make a table of your results. substance

It will

dissolve

It will not

dissolve 7

5. PURE SUBSTANCES: ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS

A pure substance has only one component. It has a homogeneous look. It has unique properties that characterize it, for example its density. These properties distinguish it from every other substance. Pure substances in nature ca be either chemical compounds or ele- ments. Chemical compounds : a chemical compound contains two or more ele- ments joined up. The atoms are from different elements. Compounds have a fixed composition, for example water is always made up of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. It can be expressed as H2O. Compouds are different from their constituent elements, in other words, the elements that make them up. Chemical elements: a chemical element can not be broken down into simpler substances. Hydrogen and oxygen are chemical elements.

ACTIVITIES

1. Give two differences between the particles in a mixture of iron and

sulphur and the particles in the compound iron sulphide.

2. Draw the particles to represent:

A.Magnesium oxide (one magnesium atom for every oxygen atom) B.Hydrogen chloride (one hydrogen atom for every chlorine atom) C.Hydrogen sulphide (two hydrogen atoms for every sulphur atom)

3. Write the formula for each compound in question 2.

4. Which elements are present in these substances, and in what ratios?

A.Zinc sulphide (Zn S)

B.Sodium fluoride (NaF)

C.Ammonia (NH3)

6. THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM

All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms. An atom is the smallest particle of matter which can exist alone. At the centre of an atom is a core called a nucleus. The nucleus is made up of particles called protons and neutrons. Protons have a positive charge (+). Neutrons have no charge. This means that the nucleus has a positive charge. Extremely small particles called electrons orbit the nu- cleus. And they are very small compared to protons and neutrons. Pro- tons and neutrons are about the same size as each other. Electrons have a negative charge (-). They are attracted to the positively charged protons in the nucleus. Between the nucleus and the electrons there is nothing, so most of an atom is empty.

The atomic number of an

atom is the number of pro- tons in the nucleus. Each atom has a unique atomic number.

When two or more atoms

are chemically joined to- gether, they form a mole- cule. Molecules can be a combination of the same or different type of atoms. For example: O2, CO2.

ACTIVITIES

1. Which two particles make up the nucleus of an atom?

2. What name is given to the number of protons in a particular atom?

3. Copy and complete:

Atoms are made up of ________________________________________ Atoms combine to make ______________________________________

4. Draw a carbon atom and label nucleus, protons, neutrons and elec-

trons. Atomic number of C: 6.

5. Gold has atomic number 79 . How many protons and electrons would

you find inside an atom of gold? 9

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[PDF] [PDF] MIXTURES ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS - Junta de Andalucia

Is pure air a substance or mixture?

Is air a substance of a mixture?

Is air always a pure substance?

IES LAURETUM

SCIENCE

NAME......................

EXAMPLE:

1.Mixture

2.Homogeneous

3.Heterogeneous

4.Solution

5.Element

6.Compound

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCING MIXTURES

2. CLASSIFYING MIXTURES

3. SEPARATING MIXTURES

4. WHAT ARE SOLUTIONS?

5. PURE SUBSTANCES: ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS

6. STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM

1.INTRODUCING MIXTURES

ACTIVITIES

1.Complete and add more examples:

2. Does sand dissolve in water? Is a mixture of sand and water homo-

3. Copy and complete the text.

2. CLASSIFICATING MIXTURES

HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES

ACTIVITIES

1. Complete the following sentences:

Matter can be c____________ by its appearance as:

2. What are the differences between pure substances and homogene-

3. Classify these things : homogeneous mixtures (1 ), heterogeneous

3. SEPARATING MIXTURES

SEAVING

Separates: Solids particles of different sizes.

Example: A mixture of sand and pebbles.

FILTRATION

Separates: Insoluble solids from liquids.

Example: Sand from a sugar solution.

CRYSTALLIZING

Separates: Soluble solids from their sol-

Example: Copper sulphate from water.

DISTILLATION

Separates: Mixtures of liquids with different

Example: A solution of water and alcohol.

ACTIVITIES

1. What method would be suitable for separating a mixture of sand and

2. Which types of substances can be separated using distillation?

3. Which methods of separation rely on the use of thermal energy?

4. WHAT ARE SOLUTIONS?

Liquid within liquid : alcohol dissolved in water

Solid within liquid: salt dissolved in water

Gas within liquid: CO2dissolved in fizzy drinks.

ACTIVITIES

1. Copy these sentences. Fill in the blanks, choosing words from those

2. Find out which of these common substances will dissolve in water:

It will

It will not

5. PURE SUBSTANCES: ELEMENTS AND COMPOUNDS

ACTIVITIES

1. Give two differences between the particles in a mixture of iron and

2. Draw the particles to represent:

3. Write the formula for each compound in question 2.

4. Which elements are present in these substances, and in what ratios?

A.Zinc sulphide (Zn S)

B.Sodium fluoride (NaF)

C.Ammonia (NH3)

6. THE STRUCTURE OF THE ATOM

The atomic number of an

When two or more atoms

ACTIVITIES

1. Which two particles make up the nucleus of an atom?

2. What name is given to the number of protons in a particular atom?

3. Copy and complete:

4. Draw a carbon atom and label nucleus, protons, neutrons and elec-

5. Gold has atomic number 79 . How many protons and electrons would

Revision 1

Revision 2