[PDF] [PDF] UNIT 3: Pure substances and mixtures 1º ESO - Claseshistoriacom





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Properties of Pure Substances Pure Substance Phases of a Pure

A substance that has a fixed chemical composition throughout is called a pure substance such as water air



THERMODYNAMICS PROPERTIES OF PURE SUBSTANCES Pure

A mixture of phases of two or more substance is can still a pure substance if it is homogeneous like ice and water (solid and liquid) or water and steam ( 



Chemistry: Classifying Matter Name______________________

If the material is a pure substance further classify it as either an Heterogeneous sugar + pure water. (C12H22O11 + H2O). Mixture. Homogeneous.



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Saturated liquid–vapor mixture: The state at which the liquid and vapor phases coexist in equilibrium. • Superheated vapor: A vapor that is not about to 



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EXTRACTION is the removal of one substance from a mixture because of its greater solubility in a given solvent. FILTRATION is the process of removing or " 



Chemical Mixtures

A mixture is made when two or more substances are combined but they are not An example of a suspension is a mixture of water and sand.



Lesson Topic:?Pure Substances Objective: Students will be able to

Examples of pure substance heterogeneous mixture and homogeneous mixture. ? Cup of water. ? Cup of lemonade. ? Bowl of cereal or a bowl of ice-cream 



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Mar 30 2020 Explain the difference between a homogeneous mixture and a heterogeneous mixture. ... Water is also a pure substance.



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Any substance that is not a mixture is a pure substance. mixture of pure water salt and many other substances. ... Unlike pure substances



Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics II

C and 1 atm to water vapor (steam) at the same temperature and pressure. A pure substance can also be a mixture of various chemical elements or.



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Homogeneous mixture of gases such as air as long as there is no change of phases of a Pure Substance vapor liquid vapor liquid Water Air Pure OH2



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A mixture of ice and liquid water for example is a pure substance because both phases have the same chemical composition but a mixture of oil and water is not 



[PDF] UNIT 3: Pure substances and mixtures 1º ESO - Claseshistoriacom

Thus water is a compound because it is decomposed by electricity into two elements hydrogen and oxygen Rock salt pyrite sugar and copper sulphate are 



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[PDF] Pure Substances and Mixtures

Does it have only one kind of particle in it? Apple juice is actually a mixture of water particles sugar particles flavour particles and vitamin particles

A substance that has a fixed chemical composition throughout is called a pure substance such as water, air, and nitrogen. A pure substance does not have to be 

  • Is water a pure substance?

    Water, H2O, is a pure substance, a compound made of hydrogen and oxygen. Although water is the most abundant substance on earth, it is rarely found naturally in its pure form. Most of the time, pure water has to be created.

  • Why is water a pure substance?

    Water is a pure substance because it contains only one type of molecule. Pure water is made by the chemical combination of hydrogen and oxygen.

  • Is water a pure substance in thermodynamics?

    A substance that has a fixed chemical composition throughout is called pure substance. Water, helium carbon dioxide, nitrogen are examples.
  • Examples of Pure Substances
    If there is another substance present, then it is considered a mixture. The following are examples of pure substance: Water: Water is considered a pure substance but only when it contains solely two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

UNIT 3: Pure substances and mixtures

1º ESO

Susana Morales Bernal

densityandmeltingorboilingpoints. experimentalandtheoreticallevel. molecularlevel. observingitsproperties. totheirmolecules. substances. mixture. nitrogenandoxygen.

Objectives

Susana Morales Bernal

Characteristic properties

A characteristic property is a physical or chemical property that we can use to identify a substance.

Characteristic properties

Thetemperatureatwhich

asubstancechangesfrom asolidtoaliquid

Thetemperatureatwhicha

substancechangesfroma liquidtoagas

Boiling pointMelting pointDensity

Thedensityistherelationship

betweenthemassofanobject anditsvolume

Susana Morales Bernal

Classification of matter

The following systems are pure substances

rock salt sugar mercury copper sulphate sulphur pyrite gold

Susana Morales Bernal

Types of pure substances

There are two types of pure substances: simple substances and compounds heatorelectricity. sulphatearecompoundstoo. substancestoo.

Susana Morales Bernal

Simple substances haveequal molecules with only one type of atoms Compounds have equal molecules with two or more types of atoms

Gas monoatomic

Liquid monoatomic

Gas diatomic

Liquid diatomic

Solid monoatomic

Solid diatomic

Solid diatomic

Liquid diatomic

Gas diatomic

Structure of pure substances

Susana Morales Bernal

unlimitednumberofcompounds.

ELEMENTS

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eachsubstance copper sulphate and water

The following systems are mixtures

dissolutions granite oil and water copper sulphate and water plumb iodide and water

Susana Morales Bernal

cancallthistypeofmixture,dissolution.

Forexample:

Sugardissolvedinwater

Saltdissolvedinwater

Coppersulphatedissolvedinwater

frames Heterogeneous: mixtures which have different properties throughout the mixture.

For example:

Sand mixed with water

Oil mixed with water

Granite

Plumb iodide and water

There are two types of mixtures: homogeneous and heterogeneous.

Types of mixtures

Susana Morales Bernal

Homogeneous mixture: it has different molecules distributed uniformly Heterogeneous mixture: it has different molecules that are not distributed uniformly

Solid dissolution

Liquid dissolution

Gaseous dissolution

Heterogeneous mixture

of one solid and one gas

Heterogeneous mixture

of two liquids

Heterogeneous mixture of

one solid and one liquid

Structure of mixtures

Susana Morales Bernal

Homogeneous mixtures

Homogeneous mixture:is that has the same properties at all its points substances.

EXAMPLES OF

SOLUTIONS

SOLUTE

GASLIQUIDSOLID

SOLVENTGAS Air (oxygen and other

gases)

Water in airNaphthalene in air (it

sublimes) LIQUIDCarbon dioxide in waterEthanol in waterSodiumchloride in water, sucrose in water, gold in mercury

SOLIDHydrogen dissolved in

metals

Mercury in goldSteel (metal alloys)

consideritthedissolvent. substancesareinsoluble.

Susana Morales Bernal

Process of solution

theliquidanddistributeduniformly.

Before dissolvingAfter dissolving

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Methods of separation of substances in mixtures

The main techniques of separation of the substances that integrate the heterogeneous mixtures are:decantation, filtration and magnetic separation

Susana Morales Bernal

Afterthis,weopenthefunnel

tapandtheliquidatthe bottomofthefunnelis transferredintoacontainer.

Wedonotcollectthepartof

liquidthatcancontainasmall partoftheotherliquid.After this,wecollectthenextlayer inanothercontainer,obtaining twoseparateliquids.

DECANTATION

differentdensities. belowit.

Susana Morales Bernal

Then,wepourthemixture

slowlyintoacontainer; throughthefunnel.We canseetheparticlesof solidonthefilterpaper.

Wecallresiduetothe

solidparticlesandwecall filtratetotheclearliquid obtained.

FILTRATION

We use this method to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid. We take a filter paper and fix it to a funnel.

Susana Morales Bernal

MAGNETIC SEPARATION

solids.

Magnet

Sulfur and iron filings

Clock glass

Ironfilingsareverysmall

piecesofironthatlooklike alightpowder.

Susana Morales Bernal

HEATING TO DRYNESS

We use this method to separate soluble solids from solutions. We heat the solution in an evaporating dish until the solvent vaporizes.

When we heat:

We waste energy

Crystals are smaller

The process is faster

Susana Morales Bernal

CRYSTALLISATION

withoutheatingitandthesolidcrystallizes.

In the crystallisation:

We do not waste energy

Crystals are greater

The process is slower

Susana Morales Bernal

theyformthedistillate.

DISTILLATION

Wecollectthedistillate

(thesolvent)inaseparate container.Theremaining residue,inthedistillation flask,isthesolute.

Inthisprocessweobtain

thesoluteandthesolvent.

Susana Morales Bernal

To heat

To crystallize

Distillation

Decantation

Filtration

onthetypeofsubtancesisformedbyandon theamountofeachsubstance can be

MATTER

Pure substanceMixture

HomogeneousHeterogeneous

is classified in

They originate by means

of physical procedures

Hasthesame

propertiesat allitspoints

Hasnotthe

sameproperties atallitspoints can be

Simple substancesCompounds

Theyoriginatebymeans

ofchemicalprocedures

Equalmolecules

withonlyone typeofatoms

Equalmolecules

withtwoormore typeofatoms

Its characteristic properties do not

change, in the same conditions of temperature and pressure

These processes give rise

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 1

PROPERTIESCHARACTERISTICINTENSIVE OR EXTENSIVE

MASS

VOLUME

DENSITY

COLOUR

BOILINGPOINT

LENGTH

HARDNESS

MELTINGPOINT

SMELL

TEMPERATURE

DUCTILITY

BRIGHTNESS

Indicate which of the following properties are characteristic and which are extensive or intensive.

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 2

Connect the terms of the two columns

A.Granite

B.Water

C.Gold

D.Salt with water

E.Mercury

1.Pure substance

2.Heterogeneous rock

3.Solution

4.Liquid metal to room temperature

5.Solid metal to room temperature

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 3

Isthewaterthatwedrinkanabsolutelypure

substance?

A.No, because it is a heterogenous substance

B.It is not pure, it has mineral salts dissolved

C.Otherwise, we cannot drink it

D.Of course, it is distilled water

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 4

Whatdoyouremember?Separatingcomponentsof

ahomogeneousmixtures.

Join with arrows.

A.By distillation

B.By crystallisation

C.By heating

1.Salt and sea water in the salt mines

2.Alcohol and water

3.Copper sulphate and water

Susana Morales Bernal

heterogeneousmixtures.

A.By magnetism

B.By filtration

C.By decanting

1.Sand and water

2.Oil and water

3.Sand and iron particles

EXERCISE 5

Join with arrows.

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 6

Canwedecomposeapuresubstanceinothers

bymeansofphysicalprocedures?

A.No, we cannot

B.Yes, filtering it

C.Yes, by means of distillation

D.Clear that yes

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 7

solution. fromaliquid. fromaliquid. liquids.

Separating mixtures

Complete the sentences. Use the words in the box.

FILTRATION , HEATING, DECANTATION, DISTILLATION

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 8

Writedownthecorrespondingnoun.

VERBEvaporateDistilFilterCrystallise

NOUN

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 9

1.Apuresubstanceandheterogeneous

2.Ahomogeneousrock

3.Apuresubstance

4.Aheterogeneoussolidmixture

What is the rock called ͞granite"͍

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 10

heterogeneous

PRODUCTS

SIMPLESUBSTANCE,COMPOUND,DISSOLUTIONOR

MIXHETEROGENEOUS

Wine

Vinegar

Soft drink

Gasoline

Alcohol 96 %

Marmalade

Milk

Bleach

Bread Blood Oil Iron

Drinkable water

GraniteSusana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 11

Thermometer, Cold water out, Vapour, Distillate, Solution, Heat, Cold water in, Condenser Distillation is the separation of a liquid from a solution by boiling and condensing. Use words from the box to label the diagram:

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 12

thediagram:

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 13

A.Howcanyouseparateoilfrom

water?

B.Howcanyouseparateamixture

ofalcoholandwater?

C.Howcanyouobtainsaltfrom

seawater?

D.Howcanyouseparateamixture

ofsandandstones?

E.Howcanyouseparateamixture

ofsulfurandironfilings?

1.Withamagnet

2.Withaseparatingfunnel

3.Withasieve

4.Heatinguntilwatervaporizes

5.Distilling

Connect the terms of the two columns

Susana Morales Bernal

EXERCISE 14

SYSTEM ASYSTEM BSYSTEM CSYSTEM D

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