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=1p1(v=c)2 c= 2;99792458:108m=s '3:108m=s v= 10km=s????? = 1 + 0;5:1011??? ??????? ? ??0'( x:p'~ ~=h=2 h= 6;626:1023J:s:
E=h=hT
j~pj=h matiere+antimatiere!energie e ;neutrinos;
0jdd >juu >
?? ?????m= 140MeV=c2? ?? ?????? ?? ??????p: (uud)masse= 939MeV=c2; charge+ 1 ???????n: (udd)masse= 940MeV=c2; charge0
Helium
4: (ppnn)
??????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???~F=m:~a? ?????(x;y;z;t) (x0M;t0M)? x
0=xvt= 0? ??t0=t= 3??
v x=dxdt a x=d2xdt
2=dvxdt
m~a=~F ~p=m~v E c=12 mv2 d~p=dt=~F????? ????md2x=dt2=F=qE? ???? ? x(t) =12 qEm t2????? t=cmqE L
0=Lp1(v=c)2
= 2:106s t=hc =10kmc = 3;3:105s= 16 d=px
2+y2+z2=ct
? ??? ????? ?45o? x
0= 1m?t0= 3;3:109s:= 3;3ns:??x0= 300000?? ?t0= 1s:??
(t=t0;x= 0)? ct=AB0=px 2+L2 (ct)2x2=L2= (ct0)2 ?? ? ?? ????x0= 0? (ct)2(x2+y2) =L2 xx xct t=tBtA x=xBxA x
0=axb(ct)
(ct0) =ex+d(ct) ?????? ? ? ?? ? ??? ??? ?????t0????? ?x0= 0??v=x=t? x <>(ct) x
0<>(ct0)
x 0= 0 (ct)2x2= (ct0)2 a=d=1p1(v=c)2= b=e=pa
21 =(v=c)p1(v=c)2=
(v=c) x0 ct 0 1 1 x ct =v=c =1p12 y 0=y z 0=z =12 ln1 +v=c1v=c g(AB) = (ct)2(x2+y2+z2) = (ct0)2(x02+y02+z02)????? g(AB) =c2(tBtA)2????? x
BxA=v(tBtA)
??t=tBtA?=t0Bt0A?x0B=x0A? c
2(tBtA)2(xBxA)2= (c)2
t=tBtA=p1(v=c)2= =1p1(vc )21 t=
0 =xct
c= (x+ct) x=vt c= (v2c +c)t ????t= (v=c)2=11 + ch
2'1(c=h)2
= 1(0;6=10)2= 10;0036 v= (0;9964)c 'hc =1006 = 16;6 t ?? ?x0=x0Bx0A=L0?t0=t0Bt0A= 0?x=xBxA=L?t=tBtA? (ct)2L2=L02 ctL =v=c ????L
0=Lp1(v=c)2=L
L 0= (Lct)
0 =L+ct
u= (uct;~u) = (uct;ux;uy;uz) = (u)=ct;x;y;z ?????? ?????? ??????? ?=ct;x;y;z? g(u) =uct2~u2=u2(ux2+uy2+uz2) ?????u??w????(u;w)??? ? (u;w) =uctwct~u:~w=uctwct(uxwx+uywy+uzwz) =X ;u g;w g ;=0 B
B@+1 0
1 1 011 C CA g(u) = (u;u) f(M+dM) =f(M) +@f:dM =f(M) + (!rf;d~M) ;@f@x ;@f@y ;@f@z rf= (@fc@t ;@f@x ;@f@y ;@f@z ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??f? ???? ???f(M) =f(M+dM)? ???? ? f(t;x) =f(t+dt;x+dx) 0 = @f@t dt+@f@x dx 0 = ( !rf;dM) =a(cdt)bdx =acdt+b@f=@t@f=@x dt b=ca@f=@x@f=@t f(M+!rf) =f(t+a=c;x+b) =f(M) +a=c:@f@t +b:@f@x f(M) =@fc@t 2@f@x
2? ???? ????? ???? ?b=@f@x
??a=@fc@t ~k= (kx;ky;kz)?
A(t;x;y;z) = exp(i')
'(t;x;y;z) =!t(kxx+kyy+kzz) !r'= (!c ;kx;ky;kz) c=T =!jkj (!r';!r') =!2=c2 jkj2= 0 ???? ??? ?? ????? ?(p;p) =m2c2???? ??????? p= (pct;~p) = (E=c;~p) m
2c2=pct2~p2=E2=c2~p2
~pE=c =~vc ? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??v < c???m6= 0? ?? ??????? ? E= mc2 ~p= m~v =1p1(v=c)2 E=pc ? ??vc????? ~p=m~v+:::
E=c2pm
2c2+~p2=mc2+p22m+:::
=mc2+12 m~v2+::: ?? ????? ???????Ec=12 p tot=Xp i=Xp f p 0=p 1+p 2 p = (mc;0) = 2p = 2(E =c;~p E =12 mc2= 70MeV m boite??????? ?? ??????? ? p boite=p 1+p 2 (pboite;pboite) = (mboitec)2 ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???????mboite= 140MeV=c2? +p!p+0 ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??p??? ?? ?????? ????? ????? E = 200MeV!1;5GeV m pc2= 940MeV m c2= 140MeV p c= (E ;E p pc= (mpc2;0) p totc= (E +mpc2;E p tot= (Etot;0)
V=Etot~p
tot=E E +mpc2 ?? ? ????E= 200MeV;???? ?????V= 0;17c? E
2= (E+mc2)2E2
= 2Emc2+m2c4 ?? ? ????E= 200MeV;?? ???????E= 1122MeV= 1;1GeV p tot= (Etot;0) = (mpc2+mc2;0)
E=mc2(1 +m2mp)
= 150MeV ???E W=Xm iM m n=940939 ?mp= 1;001mp??MHe4= 3;9726mp? ?????
W= 2mn+ 2mpM
= 0;0294mp = 27MeV m n=940939 ?mp= 1;001mp? ??MD= 1;9986mp? ?????
W=mn+mpM
= 0;00236mp = 2;2MeV n+p!D+ u=MC=12 u= 931;5MeV=c2 N
A= (12???????)=u
???????NA= 6;02:1023? ???????NA?? dpd =F????? F=ac p xp dp ctd =ac px dp xd =ac pct p ct() =mccosh(ac p x() =mcsinh(ac x( ) ct( )τ
τM( )
?????m? (dM;dM) =c2d2 (dMcd ;dMcd ) = 1 u=dMcd p=mcu=mcdMcd p ct=mccdtcd p x=mcdxcd ct() =c2a sinh(ac x() =c2a cosh(acquotesdbs_dbs43.pdfusesText_43
Introduction `a la relativité générale - LAPTh