Clauses can contain 5 different components Subject Verb Object Howarth 2011 Clause Types There are 5 basic clause types in English Subject + verb
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[PDF] Types of Clauses - CSUN
Types of Clauses Independent clauses Dependent clauses contain both a subject and Dependent clauses are introduced Example: Jet lag affects most long
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Clauses can contain 5 different components Subject Verb Object Howarth 2011 Clause Types There are 5 basic clause types in English Subject + verb
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18 déc 2017 · A phrase is a group of words that forms a meaningful unit within a clause It is characterized as a grammatical unit at a level between the word
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Clauses come in four types: main (or independent), subordinate (or dependent), adjective (or relative), and noun Every clause has at least one subject and one
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Embedded clauses (also called subordinate clauses) are inside other clauses The armadillo thinks that peanuts are for elephants embedded clause Page 10
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24 avr 2001 · A sentence expresses a complete thought and contains a subject, a noun or pronoun, and a predicate, a verb or verb phrase The four basic types
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There are five types of phrases: Prepositional phrases can act like an adjective or adverb, but a clause or sentence, e g , the teachings of some Buddhist
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14 jui 2018 · In the Writing Center handout “Clauses I,” clauses are explained in simple terms dependent clauses: noun, adjective, and adverb clauses
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PHRASE - A phrase is a group of related words It does not contain a subject and a verb There are different types of phrases Examples: 1 from the stairs
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English GrammarEnglish Grammar
A Student's Guide to Clause A Student's Guide to Clause Types in Academic WritingTypes in Academic Writing http://www.efltutoring.com/© B. Howarth 20122
Clauses can contain 5 different components
Subject
VerbObject
Complement
Adverbial
© Barbara Howarth 2011Clause Types
© B. Howarth 20123
Subject
The person or thing which performs the action of a verb (Cambridge Learner's Dictionary) Students [subject] must write in an academic style.Academic writing [subject] is difficult.
The purpose of this essay [subject] is to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet.© Barbara Howarth 2011Clause Types
© B. Howarth 20124
Verb A word or phrase that describes an action, condition or experience (Cambridge Learner's Dictionary) This essay will discuss [verb describing an action] the role of the monarchy in the UK today.The monarch is [verb describing a state or
condition] the figurative head of state in the UnitedKingdom.
© Barbara Howarth 2011Clause Types
© B. Howarth 20125
Object
An object can be direct or indirect
Direct Object: A person, place, or thing that is affected by the action of a verb, or involved in the result of an action (CLD) Indirect Object: A person , place, or thing that benefits from the action of a verb (Adapted from Seely, 2009)© Barbara Howarth 2011Clause Types
© B. Howarth 20126
Complement
Part of a clause that completes information about a subject or object that appears earlier in the clauseAcademic writing [subject] is difficult [subject
complement]Academic writing makes students [object] feel
stressed [object complement]Adapted from Seely, 2009
© Barbara Howarth 2011Clause Types
© B. Howarth 20127
Adverbial
A word or phrase in a clause that answer questionsWhere? The course is offered at the University of
Glasgow [adverbial]
When? Many students graduate when they are in their early twenties [adverbial] Why? Psychology is important because little is known about the workings of the mind [adverbial]© Barbara Howarth 2011Clause Types
© B. Howarth 20128
There are 5 basic clause types in English
Subject + verb
Subject + verb + object
Subject + verb + complement
Subject + verb + object + complement
Subject + verb + indirect object + direct object
© Barbara Howarth 2011Clause Types
© B. Howarth 20129
Examples
Subject + verb
A book [subject] fell [verb].
Subject + verb + object
A student [subject] read [verb] the book [object].Subject + verb + complement
The book [subject] was [verb] interesting [complement].© Barbara Howarth 2011Clause Types
© B. Howarth 201210
Examples
Subject + verb + object + complement
The student [subject] found [verb] the book [object] interesting [complement].Subject + verb + indirect object + direct object
The student [subject] gave [verb] his professor [indirect object] some notes [some notes].© Barbara Howarth 2011Clause Types
© B. Howarth 201211
Some clauses contain 'adverbials': words or
phrases about 'where, when, how, or why'.Subject + verb + adverbial
Subject + verb + object + adverbial
© Barbara Howarth 2011Adverbial Clauses
© B. Howarth 201212
Examples
Subject + verb + adverbial: A book fell on the floor. The adverbial 'on the floor' answers the question: Where did the book fall? Subject + verb + object + adverbial: A student read the book with interest. The adverbial 'with interest' answers the question: How did the student read the book?© Barbara Howarth 2011Adverbial Clauses
© B. Howarth 201213
Adverbial clauses are not usually essential to
the meaning of the sentenceExample
He found the book on the shelf
The adverbial 'on the shelf' could be removed and the sentence would still make sense.© Barbara Howarth 2011Adverbial Clauses
© B. Howarth 201214
Some adverbial clauses are essential to the grammar and meaning of the sentenceI placed the book on the table
The meaning of the verb 'placed' requires an adverbial to be grammatically correct. Note: It is possible to check whether a verb requires an adverbial by checking in a good leaner's dictionary© Barbara Howarth 2011Adverbial Clauses
© B. Howarth 201215
© Barbara Howarth 2011ClausePart of a sentence which contains a subject and a verb. A clause may also contain an object, complement or adverbial (Adapted from Seely, 2009) Main clausePart of a sentence which contains 2 or more clause components. Clause components are: subject; verb; object; complement; adverbial (Adapted from Seely, 2009)Subordinate
clausePart of a sentence which 'can act as the subject, object, complement, or adverbial of the main clause' (Seely, 2009, p. 29)Dependent
clauseSame as a 'subordinate' clauseGlossary© B. Howarth 201216
© Barbara Howarth 2011ConnectiveA general term which means a 'linking' word. Common connectives are; adverbials, coordinators and subordinators (Adapted from Seely, 2009) CoordinatorA word which joins two main clauses (Seely, 2009).Common coordinators are; and, but, or.
SubordinatorA word which joins a main clause with a dependent (or subordinate) clause (Seely, 2009). Common subordinators are; if, because, so, since, where, when why. Glossary© B. Howarth 201217The Oxford Guide to English Usage (Second Edition). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Seely, J. (2009). Oxford A-Z of Grammar and Punctuation. Oxford: Oxford University