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Above all, Russia prefers Ukraine join its Customs Union for former Soviet-states Ukraine and the European Union Background: EU-Ukraine Relations Political

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EU crisis simulation 2013 issue brief

How Far Can the EU Expand?

The Dilemmas of Ukrainian Membership

By Scott N. Duryea

While the Council of Europe faces many important issues affect the future of the EU, few involve the geopolitical pressures and question of European identity raised by the possibility of Ukraine membership. Opening membership to European democracies is a foundational concept of the EU, but Ukraine possess great difficulties; it is a very large country (roughly the same in size and population to France), poor it brings difficult relations with Russia. Ukraine navy base. Its population includes are large Russian minority. Some 30 percent of its population (14.5 million out of 45.6 million people) are native Russian-speakers. Bringing Ukraine into the EU would transform the country, and the EU. Refusing to admit Ukraine might have equally powerful consequences. Ukraine is increasingly falling into the fold of the European Union. Many Ukrainians seek eventual membership into the EU, but a number of pressing issues must be resolved before Ukraine fully goes west. These include reforming Ukrainian bureaucracy, obeying the rule of law, cracking down on corruption, and evading Russian attempts to keep Ukraine from breaking away from its unhealthy Eurasian ties. At stake is not just the future of the concept of Europe and European relations with Russia, but the future of Ukrainian democracy and national identity. focuses on three elements of reform: 2 The compliance of the 2012 parliamentary elections with international standards and follow-up actions, recurrence, and Implementing the reforms defined in the jointly agreed Association Agenda. The Association Agenda (the document guiding negotiations between Brussels and Kyiv)

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Yulia Tymoshenko, imprisoned since 2011 under Soviet-era laws making officials criminally liable for their effects of their decisions, a conviction widely regarded as a political motivated effort to reduce her influence, are among the barriers to eventual Ukrainian accession. The other side of Ukraine-EU relations involve Russian relations. Admitting Ukraine will greatly antagonize Russia, which believes the long border, history of imperial rule, and presence of the Russian speaking minority, give it rights in Ukrainian decision-making. Ukraine must attempt to gain western acceptance while placating Russia. Russia is an important trading partner and uses trade coercion²suspending Ukrainian trade and threatening to stop natural gas exports²to pull Ukraine back into its fold. Above all, Russia prefers Ukraine join its Customs Union for former Soviet-states.

Ukraine and the European Union

Background: EU-Ukraine Relations

Political relations between the EU and Ukraine began in 1994 with the signing of the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA), which focused on economic and social issues, the necessity of improving public government, and the guarantee of free press and civil rights. The PCA entered into force in 1998 and expired in 2008. The first EU-Ukraine summits

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