[PDF] [PDF] Chapter 16: Composite Materials

[PDF] CLASSIFICATION OF COMPOSITES

There are two classification systems of composite materials One of them is based on the matrix material (metal, ceramic, polymer) and the second is based on 

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BASED ON THE TYPE OF MATRIX • Organic Matrix Composites (OMCs) – • Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs) • Carbon matrix composites (carbon-carbon  

[PDF] Chapter 16 Composites

Base Compressed carbon (carbon particles embedded in a plastic matrix) One simple scheme for the classification of composite materials is shown in Fig-

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Classification of certain materials as a composite: 1 History: Oldest application/ existence of composite material? Based on the type of matrix material 

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Concrete containing such rods or wires is called reinforced concrete Making composites Most composites are made of just two materials One is the matrix or  

[PDF] Chapter 16: Composite Materials

Composite is considered to be any multiphase materials that exhibits a significant proportion of the Composites: -- Multiphase material w/significant proportions of each phase • Matrix: Composites are classified according to: -- the matrix 

[PDF] Structural Composite Materials - ASM International

Fig 1 3 Major polymer matrix composite fabrication processes Materials can be classified as either isotropic able, depending on the orientation of the rein-

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ISSUES TO ADDRESS...

• What are the classes and types of composites • Why are composites used instead of metals, ceramics, or polymers?

Chapter 16: Composite Materials

Chapter 16 -1

ceramics, or polymers? • How do we estimate composite stiffness & strength? • What are some typical applications?

Composites

•Combine materials with the objective of getting a more desirable combination of properties -Ex: get flexibility & weight of a polymer plus the strength of a ceramic•structure materials for aircraft engine: low densities, strong, stiff, abrasion and impact resistant and corrosion resistant.

Chapter 16 -2

corrosion resistant.

GE engine:http://www.geae.com/education/theatre/genx/http://www.geae.com/education/theatre/ge90/•Principle of combined action

-Mixture gives "averaged" properties better property combinations are fashioned by the combination of 2 or more distinct materials. Composite is considered to be any multiphase materials that exhibits a significant proportion of the properties of both constituent phases such that a better combination of properties is realized.

Chapter 16 -3

Schematic representations of the various geometrical and spatial characteristics of particles of the dispersed phase that may influence the properties of composites: (1) concentration, (b) size, © shape, (d) distribution, and (e) orientation.

Composites

--Multiphase material w/significant proportions of each phase.

Matrix

--The continuous phase --Purpose is to: -transfer stress to other phases

Terminology/Classification

woven fibers cross 0.5mm

Chapter 16 -4

Dispersed phase

--Purpose: enhance matrix properties. MMC : increase s y , TS, creep resist. CMC : increase Kc PMC : increase E, s y , TS, creep resist. --Classification:

Particle

fiber structural -protect phases from environment --Classification: MMC, CMC, PMC metal ceramic polymer

Reprinted with permission from

D. Hull and T.W. Clyne, An

Introduction to Composite Materials,

2nd ed., Cambridge University Press,

New York, 1996, Fig. 3.6, p. 47.

cross section view 0.5mm

Composite Survey

Large-

particle

Dispersion-

strengthened

Particle-reinforced

Continuous

(aligned)

Discontinuous

(short)

Fiber-reinforced

Laminates

Sandwich

panels

Structural

Composites

Chapter 16 -5

Aligned

Randomly

oriented

Adapted from Fig.

16.2, Callister 7e.

10-100nm

Composite Survey: Particle-I

• Examples:

Adapted from Fig.

10.19, Callister 7e.

(Fig. 10.19 is copyright United

States Steel

Corporation, 1971.)

-Spheroidite steel matrix: ferrite (a) (ductile)particles: cementite (Fe3C) (brittle) 60mm

Particle-reinforced

Fiber-reinforcedStructural

Chapter 16 -6Adapted from Fig.

16.4, Callister 7e.

(Fig. 16.4 is courtesy

Carboloy Systems,

Department, General

Electric Company.)

-WC/Co cemented carbide matrix: cobalt (ductile)particles: WC (brittle, hard) Vm:

10-15 vol%!

600mm

Adapted from Fig.

16.5, Callister 7e.

(Fig. 16.5 is courtesy

Goodyear Tire and

Rubber Company.)

-Automobile tires matrix: rubber (compliant)particles: C (stiffer)

0.75mm

Composite Survey: Particle-II

Concrete

-gravel + sand + cement -Why sand andgravel? Sand packs into gravel voids

Reinforced concrete

Reinforce with steel rerod or remesh

increases strength even if cement matrix is cracked

Particle-reinforced

Fiber-reinforcedStructural

Chapter 16 -7

increases strength even if cement matrix is cracked

Prestressed concrete -

remesh under tension during setting of concrete. Tension release puts concrete under compressive forcequotesdbs_dbs4.pdfusesText_8