Background for the Study J S Bach: Two Part Inventions Related Research Methodology Plan of This Report II A STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE BACH
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1
A PEDAGOGICAL APPROACH TO THE BACH
TWO PART INVENTIONS
THESIS
Presented to the Graduate Council of the
North Texas State University in Partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements
For the Degree of
MASTER OF MUSIC
ByCarol W. Coryell, B. M. E.
Denton, Texas
January, 1969
PREFACE
Since the nineteenth century the Two Part Inventions have become standard repertoire for piano students. However, piano teachers have often failed to give serious consideration to the suitable selection of Inventions for study. Piano students have commonly formed a dislike for Bach's piano music because of an ungratifying initial experience. There is little material written in English dealing with the Two Part Inventions. Those studies of the Inventions which do exist consist mainly of brief articles in periodicals and limited discussions in piano literature books. Therefore, there seemed to be a need for a systematic collection of pedagogical ideas concerning the Two Part Inventions. In addition, it was felt that an analysis of the problems in each piece and a subsequent graded list of the Inventions would be a step toward a more intelligent and more knowledge- able approach in the teaching of these compositions. iiiTABLE OF CONTENTS
PageLIST OF TABLES .....................vii
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS .................x
Chapter
I. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ............1
The Purpose
Sub-Problems
Definition of Terms
Delimitations
Basic Hypothesis
Basic Assumptions
Background for the Study J. S. Bach:
Two Part Inventions Related Research
Methodology
Plan of This Report
II. A STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF THE BACH
TWO PART INVENTIONS .............28
Introduction
Invention No. I
Invention No. II
Invention No. III
Invention No. IV
Invention No. V
Invention No. VI
Invention No. VII
Invention No. VIII
Invention No. IX
Invention No. X
Invention No. XI
Invention No. XII
Invention No. XIII
Invention No. XIV
Invention No. XV
Summary
ivTABLE OF CONTENTS--Continued
PageChapter
III. IDENTIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE PROBLEMS AND
RANKING OF THE TWO PART INVENTIONS.. ..... 142
Performance Problems Related to
Linear Characteristics
Performance Problems Related to
Textural Characteristics
Performance Problems Related to
Rhythmic Characteristics
Performance Problems Related to
Formal Design
Ranking of the Two Part Inventions
Requirements for Performance of Bach
When to Begin the Study of the
Inventions
Editions
Summary
IV. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS. ...171Summary and Conclusions
Recommendations
APPENDIX....*.. ......... .............179
Appendix A:
Appendix B:
Appendix C:
Appendix D:
Appendix E:
Appendix F:
Appendix G:
Frequencies of Parallel, Similar,
Oblique, and Contrary Motion, and
Melodic Indices in the Two Part
Inventions
Frequencies of Relatively Accented
Dissonant Intervals in the Two
Part Inventions
Per Cent of Rough and Smooth Measures
According to Melodic Accents
Per Cent of Rough and-Smooth Measures
According to Durational Accents
Piano Pedagogues
Rating Sheet
Tempos for the Two Part Inventions
Suggested by Five Authorities
VTABLE OF CONTENTS--Continued
PageBIBLIOGRAPHY0.0.0...............
viLIST OF TABLES
Page 3643
45
51
I. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. I .........
II. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. I ...0.0. .0 .d ..0. 4. .
III. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. II........ .
IV. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. II .*.*.*.0.0.*.0.0.0.*.0.0.t.
V. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. III .... .. ..
VI. Frequency of Note Values in
Invention No. III ....... .
VII. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. IV... .% ........
VIII. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. IV .........0.0 ....
IX. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. V .... .....
X. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. V .....*.. .........
XI. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. VI .......
XII. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. VI............ .. ......
XIII. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. VII ......
5961
66
67
73
74
79
Table .53 vii ..0. .0 . ..0 ..0 .
LIST OF TABLES--Continued
Page TableXIV. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. VII .............
XV. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. VIII ........
XVI. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. VIII 1.0.0.0.0.-. .......
XVII. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. IX .........
XVIII. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. IX ..............
XIX. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. X ........
XX. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. X ..............
XXI. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. XI .........
XXII. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. XI ..............
XXIII. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. XII ........
XXIV. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. XII .............
XXV. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. XIII ........
XXVI. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. XIII. .............
XXVII. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. XIV ......
.0. 91 .....93 .t ..* 98 ....99 104.....106 .111 ....112 ..*.119 .....124 viii
LIST OF TABLES--Continued
Table PageXXVIII. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. XIV .....................126
XXIX. Frequency of Counterpoint Species in
Invention No. XV ... ... ...... ..132
XXX. Frequency of Note Values in Invention
No. XV.......... .....................133
XXXI. Numerical values of the Factors Relating to
Difficulty in the Two Part Inventions. ..153
XXXII. Ranking of the Two Part Inventions in
Order of Decreasing Difficulty
According to Composite Scores
Relating to Difficulty ............. .155
XXXIII. Levels of Difficulty of Performance of
the Inventions as Rated by SixCollege Piano Instructors ........... 157
XXXIV. Ranking of the Two Part Inventions According to Technique, Memorization, Interpretation and Composite Scores in order ofDecreasing Difficulty ............... 160
XXXV. A Comparison of the Ranking of the Two Part
Inventions Based on the Evaluations of
Six Pedagogues and the Ranking Based
on the Factors Relating to Difficulty 161 ixLIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure
Page1. Invention No. VII, Melodic Pattern, Measure 21 13
2. Invention No. I, Melodic Pattern, Measure 21 ...14
3. Invention No. XI, Melodic Pattern, Measure 4 ...14
4. Invention No. I, Motive, Measure 1 ........31
5. Legend Explaining Symbols Used in Graphic Analysis 32
6. Invention No. I, Countermotive, Measures 1-2 ...33
7. Invention No. I, Graphic Analysis ........34
8. Invention No. I, Episodic Pattern, Measure 3 ...35
9. Invention No. I, Episodic Pattern, Measures 9-10 .35
10. Invention No. II, Graphic Analysis ........40
11. Invention No. II, Motive, Measures 1-3 ......41
12. Invention No. II, Countermotive, Measures 3-5. ..42
13. Invention No. II, Episodic Pattern, Measures 5-10. 42
14. Invention No. II, Formal Plan ..........46
15. Invention No. III, Motive A, Measures 1-2 ..46
16. Invention No. III, Graphic Analysis. .......47
17. Invention No. III, Motive B, Measures 12-14. ..49
18. Invention No. III, Episodic Pattern, Measures 5-11 50
19. Invention No. IV, Motive, Measures 1-3 ......54
20. Invention No. IV, Graphic Analysis ........55
xLIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS--Continued
Figure
21. Invention No.
22. Invention No.
23. Invention No.
24. Invention No.
25. Invention No.
26. Invention No.
27. Invention No.
28. Invention No.
29. Invention No.
30. Invention No.
31. Invention No.
32. Invention No.
33. Invention No.
34. Invention No.
35. Invention No.
36. Invention No.
37. Invention No.
38. Invention No.
39. Invention No.
40. Invention No.
IV, Countermotive,
Measures 3-5.
IV, Episodic Pattern, Measure 8.
IV, Episodic Pattern, Measure 11
IV, Episodic Pattern, Measures 7-8
V, Graphic Analysis .......
V, Motive Measures 1-5 ......
V, Countermotive,
Measures 1-5
VI, Motive A, Measures 1-4 .. .
VI, Motive B, Measures 1-5 ....
VI, Graphic Analysis .......
VII, Graphic Analysis .......
VII, Motive, Measure 1 ......
VIII, Motive, Measures 1-2 ....
VIII, Graphic Analysis ......
VIII, Countermotive, Measures 2-3.
VIII, Episodic Pattern, Measure 4.
VIII, Episodic Pattern, Measure 15
IX, Motive A, Measures 1-4 ...
IX, Motive B, Measures 1-4 ...
IX, Graphic Analysis .......
xi Page .57 .58 0 58 .59 .63 .64 .64 .69 .69 .70 77.78 .82 .83 .84 .85 .85 .89 .89 .90
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS--Continued
FigurE
41.42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
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