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DICTIONARY OF

BUILDING AND

CIVIL ENGINEERING

DICTIONNAIRE DU

BÂTIMENT ET DU

GÉNIE CIVIL

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Don Montague is a Chartered Engineer (MICE, MIMechE) with experience in many fields of engineering,

building and construction. He read Engineering Science at Oxford (MA) and then did pioneering work on

machine design using the early DEUCE digital computer in the 1960s. Subsequently he worked in the public

service in timber research (AJWSc), became deeply involved in environmental conservation and began a love

affair with the practice of building. In 1971 he joined Ove Arup & Partners and spent his first five years with them co-ordinating multi-

disciplinary building design teams. After a period running his own structural component firm he rejoined

Arups and became responsible for their engineering specifications, design guides and feedback notes. He has

published articles on a wide range of topics, from environmental conservation to structural components, and

integrated design to maintenance of building services. He retired as Technical Director of Arups in 1991.

A life-long interest in the French language and life led him and his wife to move to France, where he is

now as busy as ever working for himself with local French building professionals.

L'AUTEUR

Don Montague est un ingénieur (MICE, MIMechE) dont l'expérience couvre de nombreux domaines du

génie, du bâtiment et de la construction. Après avoir fait ses études d'ingénieur à Oxford (MA), il entreprit des

travaux innovateurs sur la conception des machines en faisant appel à l'ordinateur numérique DEUCE dans

les années 1960. Par la suite, il travailla dans le secteur public dans la recherche sur le bois (AJWSc). Il devint

alors un fervent défenseur de la protection de l'environnement et se passionna pour le bâtiment.

En 1971, il entra chez Ove Arup & Partners où il fut pendant cinq ans responsable de la coordination des

équipes multidisciplinaires de conception du bâtiment. Ayant quitté Arup pour diriger sa propre société de

pièces de génie civil, il entra à nouveau dans cette société en tant que responsable des cahiers des charges,

des guides de conception et de l'information en retour. Il publia des articles sur de très nombreux sujets

allant de la protection de l'environnement aux pièces de génie civil en passant par la conception intégrée

et les services de maintenance des bâtiments. Lorsqu'il prit sa retraite en 1991, il était Directeur technique

d'Arup.

S'étant toujours intéressé à la langue et au mode de vie français, il vit désormais en France avec son épouse.

Il est plus occupé que jamais et travaille en indépendant avec des professionnels français du bâtiment.

DICTIONARY OF

BUILDING AND

CIVIL ENGINEERING

DICTIONNAIRE DU

BÂTIMENT ET DU

GÉNIE CIVIL

E & FN SPON

An Imprint of Chapman & Hall

London

Glasgow

Weinheim

New York

Tokyo

Melbourne

Madras

Don Montague

Published by E & FN Spon, an imprint of Chapman & Hall, 2-6 Boundary Row,

London SE1 8HN, UK

Chapman & Hall, 2-6 Boundary Row, London SE1 8HN, UK Blackie Academic & Professional, Wester Cleddons Road, Bishopbriggs, Glasgow

G64 2NZ, UK

Chapman & Hall GmbH, Pappelallee 3, 69469 Weinheim, Germany Chapman & Hall USA, 115 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10003, USA Chapman & Hall Japan, ITP-Japan, Kyowa Building, 3F, 2-2-1 Hirakawacho,

Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 102, Japan

Chapman & Hall Australia, 102 Dodds Street, South Melbourne, Victoria 3205,

Australia

Chapman & Hall India, R.Seshadri, 32 Second Main Road, CIT East, Madras

600 035,

India

First edition 1996

This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2008. "To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge's collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk."

© 1996 Don Montague

ISBN 0-203-47543-7 Master e-book ISBN

ISBN 0-203-78367-0 (Adobe eReader Format)

ISBN 0 419 19910 1 (Print Edition)

Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the UK Copyright Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may not be reproduced, stored, or transmitted, in any form o r by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the cas e of reprographic reproduction only in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency in the UK, or in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organization outside the UK. Enquiries c oncerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to the publish ers at the London address printed on this page. The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard t o the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal re sponsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 95-71096

Acknowledgements vi

Remerciementsvii

Introduction ix

Introductionxi

Using this dictionaryxiii

Utilisation du dictionnairexvi

English/French 1

Anglais/Français1

French/English 237

Français/Anglais237

Appendix A: False friends 428

Appendice A: Faux amis429

Appendix B: References 449

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

No dictionary of this kind is the work of one person, and I am delighted to acknowledge the help and

encouragement I have had, particularly from former colleagues at Ove Arup & Partners, Consulting Engineers.

Chris Barber, Mike Bussell, Paul Craddock, Steve Dyson, Steven Groâk, Martyn Harrold, Mike Holmes,

David Lush, Alain Marcetteau, Gordon Puzey, Brian Simpson, Bob Venning and others have all contributed,

provided lists of words or translations from their work in the UK and France, or offered good advice or further

contacts.

In France I have had the pleasure of working with Christian Barreau, Yves de Bazin, Maître Gilles Cathus,

Albert Cologni, Jacques Deltreil, Laurent Dupuy, Francis Framarin, Guy Lung, Maître Jacques Marie, Roger

Mirabel, Laurence and René Orazzio, Roger Roccon, Maurice Teulet and André Vincent, their colleagues and

staff, who have taught me a great deal of French architectural, building, legal and property terminology, in the

office and on site. The Translation Service - Terminology - of the European Commission has been very helpful, allowing

me to collate terms from its multilingual glossaries Roads (1978) and Construction (in draft 1995), the latter

being particularly helpful in the field of health and safety at work. Cooperation with Madame Fiamozzi of

this Service has been enjoyable and fruitful.

I am grateful to REHVA (the Federation of European Heating and Airconditioning Associations) for allowing

me to make use of technical terms from its International Dictionary of Heating, Ventilating and Air

Conditioning (see Appendix B).

Manufacturers' catalogues have provided examples in their own languages, in particular Legrand SA, whose information on electrical equipment has been invaluable. Single language dictionaries and

encyclopaedias have also proved very useful in the difficult task of defining meanings and selecting and

discarding terms in each language. The more important works that I have referred to are listed in Appendix B.

Finally, without the encouragement and support of my editors, Caroline Mallinder and Fiona Weston, and

my wife Maureen, I would not have retained my sanity or ever have completed this dictionary. I offer my

grateful thanks to them and everyone else who has helped, in particular at Chapman & Hall, and absolve them

all for any mistranslations - these are all my own work!

If you, kind readers, spot any of these errors, or can think of words that should have been included but were

not, please write to me and let me know, c/o Caroline Mallinder at E & FN Spon.

Don Montague

Aquitaine, 1996

REMERCIEMENTS

Aucun dictionnaire de ce type n'est le travail d'une seule personne et je tiens à exprimer ma gratitude pour

l'aide et les encouragements que j'ai reçus, en particulier de la part d'anciens collègues à Ove Arup & Partners,

Consulting Engineers. Chris Barber, Mike Bussell, Paul Craddock, Steve Dyson, Steven Groâk, Martyn

Harrold, Mike Holmes, David Lush, Alain Marcetteau, Gordon Puzey, Brian Simpson, Bob Venning, et d'autres

encore - tous ont contribué et fourni des listes de mots ou de traductions tirées de leurs travaux au Royaume-

Uni et en France, ou m'ont donné de bons conseils et des contacts supplémentaires.

En France j'avais le plaisir de travailler avec Christian Barreau, Yves de Bazin, Maître Gilles Cathus,

Albert Cologni, Jacques Deltreil, Laurent Dupuy, Francis Framarin, Guy Lung, Maître Jacques Marie, Roger

Mirabel, Laurence et René Orazzio, Roger Roccon, Maurice Teulet et André Vincent, aussi bien qu'avec leurs

collègues et leur personnel. Ils m'ont tous enseigné de nombreux termes français dans les domaines de

l'architecture, de la construction, du droit et de l'immoblier, autant au bureau que sur le terrain.

Le Service de Traduction - Terminologie - de la Commission Européenne a été très obligeant, me

permettant de collationner des termes dans ses glossaires multilingues Roads (1978) et Construction (à l'état

d'ébauche, 1995), ce dernier ouvrage étant en particulier très utile dans le domaine de la santé et sécurité au

travail. Ma coopération avec Madame Fiamozzi (de ce service) a été agréable et fructueuse.

Je suis reconnaissant à REHVA (the Federation of European Heating and Airconditioning Associations)

qui m'a autorisé à utiliser des termes techniques tirés de son International Dictionary of Heating, Ventilating

and Air Conditioning (voir l'Appendice B). Les catalogues de fabricants ont fourni beaucoup d'exemples dans leur propre langue, en particulier

Legrand SA, dont les renseignements sur l'équipement électrique ont été inestimables. Dictionnaires unilingues

et encyclopédies ont aussi été très utiles dans la tâche difficile de définir les sens des mots, sélectionner et

écarter certains termes dans chaque langue. Les ouvrages les plus importants auxquels je me suis référé sont

listés dans l'Appendice B.

Enfin, sans les encouragements de mes éditrices, Caroline Mallinder et Fiona Weston, et de ma femme

Maureen, je n'aurais jamis conservé ma sérénité et je n'aurais jamais fini ce dictionnaire. Je les remercie

sincèrement ainsi que tous ceux qui m'ont aidé, en particulier chez Chapman & Hall et je les décharge de

toute responsabilité pour les fautes de traduction; si vous en trouvez, ce sont les miennes!

Si vous, chers lecteurs, remarquez des erreurs ou pensez à des mots qui auraient dû être inclus, veuillez

m'écrire me le faire savoir, aux bons soins de Caroline Mallinder chez E & FN Spon.

Don Montague

Aquitaine, 1996

INTRODUCTION

This bilingual dictionary is aimed at both professionals and private individuals, English and French speaking,

who are involved in property, building and civil engineering construction in each other's countries.

Deciding what to include and what to leave out has often been difficult. My first rule has been to try to put

myself in the place of someone involved in a practical way with property dealing, development, architectural

design, building, civil engineering and construction generally, and to ask myself what words I would meet in

communicating with professionals and tradespeople in the office and on site, what questions I need to ask,

and what I would want to be able to express. Having worked in these fields in the UK and France for many

years, I have come to realize that simple lists of nouns in the two languages are of limited use, and that many

technical terms are simply not given in standard bilingual dictionaries. My aim in this book is to fill some of

these gaps. To start with, the built environment exists within the natural environment, and so I have included

some basic words for geographical and topological features. Such terms may be used in describing land

and property for sale, and also in the investigations needed before buying land for building or development.

Before one can start to build, surveys, planning and official approvals, architectural and engineering

design, budgeting, raising finance and drawing up of specifications and contract documents may all be

necessary, so I have included some of the more commonly used technical terms in these fields.

Any construction must be based on foundations, so I have started in the ground with geological and soil

mechanics terms, and worked upwards through drainage, structures, mains supplies, services installations and

cladding, to roofing and finishes terminology, covering the materials, tools and techniques involved, plus

terms for parts of different kinds of buildings and civil engineering structures.

Modern buildings may be engineered to a high degree by consultants or other specialists. I have included

some vocabulary from the fields of acoustics, air-conditioning, communications, computers, controls, electrical

and fire engineering, geotechnics, public health engineering, timber structures, welding and so on. Repair

and restoration are increasingly important, so I have included many terms for existing features of buildings

and their rehabilitation.

During the construction process weather may affect progress in different ways, so I have included some

meteorological terms. Quality control and testing are parts of the modern construction process, and I have

included some relevant vocabulary. Similarly, purchasing, transport, approvals of work, contract administration

and payments, and health and safety at work are parts of the process of building, and have their specialist

terminology.

In building, things may go wrong, delivery and progress problems may occur, differences in interpretation

of specifications may lead to discord, and ultimately the parties involved may reach for their lawyers and even

arrive in court. I have included some terms which could come in handy if things do turn out badly.

To round off, I have tried to cover some of the things you may want to say to architects, builders and

others in the office and on site, in terms of how things should be done and questions you may need to

ask: 'make this higher, move that light switch, this colour is too dark, do you have this in stock, if I pay

cash will you give me a discount, when will the tiles arrive on site?' and so on. The words you need are

not always found in conventional technical dictionaries, and I hope that including some of them will make life easier.

Technical vocabulary develops all the time. Not only are new terms created, but new variations on old

terms arise when people with different educational or technical backgrounds try to describe the same thing.

Which is the definitive translation? In many cases it is simply not possible to decide, and I have given several

different versions that readers may meet in practice. x

To cover all these fields is clearly a tall order, and different specialists will always be able to add

particular, perhaps less used terms from their own fields. There is the problem of where to stop: which

apparently everyday words to include with the particular meanings given to them by building professionals

and which to leave out. I hope you will find the balance and coverage of this dictionary both useful and

refreshing.

Please read the short section that follows on how to use the dictionary; it will help you to get the best out of

this book. Two appendices are also provided: Appendix A covers 'False Friends', words whose translation is

not always what one might think, and Appendix B contains useful general references.quotesdbs_dbs50.pdfusesText_50

[PDF] [PDF] Dictionary of Building and Civil Engineering Dictionnaire Du

DICTIONARY OF

BUILDING AND

CIVIL ENGINEERING

DICTIONNAIRE DU

BÂTIMENT ET DU

GÉNIE CIVIL

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

L'AUTEUR

DICTIONARY OF

BUILDING AND

CIVIL ENGINEERING

DICTIONNAIRE DU

BÂTIMENT ET DU

GÉNIE CIVIL

E & FN SPON

An Imprint of Chapman & Hall

London

Glasgow

Weinheim

New York

Melbourne

Madras

Don Montague

London SE1 8HN, UK

G64 2NZ, UK

Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 102, Japan

Australia

600 035,

First edition 1996

© 1996 Don Montague

ISBN 0-203-47543-7 Master e-book ISBN

ISBN 0-203-78367-0 (Adobe eReader Format)

ISBN 0 419 19910 1 (Print Edition)

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 95-71096

CONTENTS

Acknowledgements vi

Remerciementsvii

Introduction ix

Introductionxi

Using this dictionaryxiii

Utilisation du dictionnairexvi

English/French 1

Anglais/Français1

French/English 237

Français/Anglais237

Appendix A: False friends 428

Appendice A: Faux amis429

Appendix B: References 449

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Conditioning (see Appendix B).

Don Montague

Aquitaine, 1996

REMERCIEMENTS

Don Montague

Aquitaine, 1996

INTRODUCTION