[PDF] [PDF] 1 Finite Automata and Regular Expressions

Motivation: Given a pattern (regular expression) for string searching, we might want to For example, justify why there would be a finite automaton recognizing



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[PDF] 1 Finite Automata and Regular Expressions

Motivation: Given a pattern (regular expression) for string searching, we might want to For example, justify why there would be a finite automaton recognizing



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[PDF] 1 Finite Automata and Regular Expressions

1 Finite Automata and Regular Expressions

Motivation: Given a pattern (regular expression) for string searching, we might want to convert it into a deterministic finite automaton or nondeter- ministic finite automaton to make string searching more efficient; a determin- istic automaton only has to scan each input symbol once. Can this always be done? Theorem 1.1IfL1=L(M1)andL2=L(M2)for languagesLi⊆Σ∗then

1. there is an automatonMrecognizingL1∪L2

2. there is an automatonMrecognizingL1◦L2

3. there is an automaton recognizingL∗1

4. there is an automaton recognizingΣ∗-L1

5. there is an automaton recognizingL1∩L2

6. ifa∈Σthen there is an automaton recognizing{a}

7. there is an automaton recognizing∅

From all of these things it follows that ifAis a regular language then there is a finite automaton recognizingA. For example, justify why there would be a finite automaton recognizing the language represented bya∪(ab)∗. Proof:We will do the proof for nondeterministic automata since determin- istic and nondeterministic automata are of equivalent power.

1.1 Union

For union, supposeM1is (K1,Σ,∆1,s1,F1) andM2is (K2,Σ,∆2,s2,F2).

Then letMbe (K,Σ,∆,s,F) where

K=K1∪K2∪ {s}

F=F1∪F2

1∪∆2∪ {(s,e,s1),(s,e,s2)}

andsis a new state. ThenL(M) =L(M1)∪L(M2). Diagram: 1 M1 M2 MK1 K2 K1 K2s1 s2 s1 s2 se e Note thatϵarrows are convenient for this construction.

1.1.1 Example

p qa bRecognizes a*

Recognizes b*

2 p qa b

Recognizes a* U b*e

e

1.2 Concatenation

M1K1 s1 F2 K2 s2F1 K1 s1 F1 K1 s1 F1 K1 s1 F1 M2MK1 s1 F2 K2 s2 F1K1 s1 F1 K1 s1 F1 K1 s1 F1 ee e 3 The states inF1are no longer accepting states. ThenL(M) =L(M1)◦

L(M2).

1.2.1 Examplep

qa bRecognizes a*

Recognizes b*

paqbRecognizes a*b* e

1.3 Kleene star

M1K1 s1F1 K1 s1 F1 K1 s1 F1quotesdbs_dbs2.pdfusesText_3