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CHEMISTRY

CET

ELECTROCHEMISTRYELECTROCHEMISTRY

LETUSBRIEFLYDISCUSSWHATLET

US

BRIEFLY

DISCUSS

WHAT

WESTUDIEDIN

ELECTROCHEMISTRYCHAPTERELECTROCHEMISTRY

CHAPTER

BEFOREWELOOKINTOC.E.T

QUESTIONS.

WHATISELECTROCHEMISTRY?WHAT

IS

ELECTROCHEMISTRY?

ITISABRANCHOFCHEMISTRY

WHICHDEALSWITHTHESTUDY

OF;

BEHAVIOUR

OFELECTROLYTES

BEHAVIOUR

OF

ELECTROLYTES

INSOLUTION.

EQUILIBRIUMINELECTROLYTES

CONVERSION OFCHEMICAL

ENERGYINTOELECTRICAL

ENERGYEX.GALVANICCELLS

CONVERSIONELECTRICAL

ENERGYINTO

CHEMICAL

ENERGY

INTO

CHEMICAL

ENERGY.EXELECTROLYTICCELLSEX

ELECTROLYTIC

CELLS

LETUSUNDERSTANDSOMELET

US

UNDERSTAND

SOME

IMPORTANTTERMSUSED

INELECTROCHEMISTRYANDTHEIRMEANINGSTHEIR

MEANINGS

CONDUCTORS:

THESEARETHESUBSTANCES

WHICHALLOWELECTRICITYWHICH

ALLOW

ELECTRICITY

TOPASSTHROUGHTHEM.TO

PASS

THROUGH

THEM. EX

METALS SALT SOLUTIONS

EX

METALS

SALT

SOLUTIONS

GASES UNDER LOW PRESSURE

INSULATORS: SUBSTANCES WHICH

DO NOT ALLOW

WHICH DO NOT ALLOW

ELECTRICITY TO PASS

THROUGH THEMTHROUGH

THEM

EX. PAPER, GLASS, WOOD,

BENZENEBENZENE

ELECTROLYTICCONDUCTORS:ELECTROLYTIC

CONDUCTORS:

TOPASS

ALLOW

ELECTRICITY

TO PASS

THROUGHTHEMEITHERIN

MOLTENSTATEORDISSOLVEDMOLTEN

STATE OR

DISSOLVED

STATE.

INTO

1.STRONGELECTROLYES2.WEAKELECTROLYTES

STRONGELECTROLYTES

UNDERGO

STRONG

ELECTROLYTES

UNDERGO

COMPLETEIONISATIONINAQUEOUS

SOLUTIONSSOLUTIONS

EX.ALLSTRONGACIDS,BASES

WITH

STRONG

BASE ...ANDSALTOFSTRONGACIDWITHWEAKBASEWITH

WEAKBASE

WEAKELECTROLYTESUNDERGO

ALL WEAK

ACIDS,

BASES AND

THEIRSALTS.

1AMPERE

ELECTRICITY

WHEN 1

AMPERE

CURRENTFLOWSFOR1SECOND

THENTHETHENUMBEROF

COULOMBSTRANSFERREDISEQUALTO1COULMB

Q= I X tFARADAY F 1F= 96500
C ():96500C

THROUGH

A

SOLUTION

OFAELECTROLYTE,1GRAM

IS

DISSOLVED

OR

DEPOSITED.

1F

OFELECTRICITYCONTAINS

1F OF

ELECTRICITY

CONTAINS

6.022x10

23

ELECTRONS.

FARADAY

SILAWOFELECTROLYSIS

FARADAY S

ILAW OF

ELECTROLYSIS

ITSTATESTHAT'MASSOFSUBSTANCE

OSCOS DEP OS

ITEDATTHEELE

C TR O DEI S

DIRECTLYPROPORTIONALTOTHE

QUANTITYOFELECTRICITYPASSED

THROUGHTHESOLUTION.'

W Q

W=ZQ =ZItW

ZQ ZIt

W= EIt

96500 96500

PASSED

THROUGHSOLUTIONSOF

DIFFERENTELECTROLYTESDIFFERENT

ELECTROLYTES

CONNECTEDINSERIESTHE

AMOUNTOFSUBSTANCES

LIBERATEDATTHEELECTRODESISDIRECTLY

PROPORTIONALTOTHEIREq wtPROPORTIONAL

TO THEIR Eq wt

EX.IFDIFFERENTELCTROLYTES

CONNECTEDINSERIESTHENCONNECTED

IN

SERIES

THEN WAg Eq Wt Ag Wcu

Eq Wt of

cu Eq Wt Ag Eq Wt of cu

VOFH2ATSTP

11200

VOFO2ATSTP

56005600

SPECIFICCONDUCTANCE;

ITISTHECONDUCTANCEPRODUCED

ALLTHEIONSBETWEENTHETWOALL

THE IONS

BETWEEN

THE TWO

ELECTRODESOF1m3SOLUTION.

Rl a Rl a 1R 1 la R l C=K l KC a

UNIT(SIEMEN

1) C=K a K C l

UNIT(SIEMEN

.m 1)

EQUIVALENTCONDUCTIVITY.

ITISDEFINEDASTHE

CONDUCTIVITYPRODUCEDALLTHE

IONSPRESENTONE1gEq.wt OFELECTROLYTE.ELECTROLYTE.

^=K.V/1000 KxV K x V 1000

SIEMEN.m

2 .eq. Ͳ1 IS

DEFINED

AS THE

CONDUCTIVITY

PRODUCEDBYALLTHEIONS

PRESENTINONEMOLEOFTHE

ELECTROLYTEATTHEGIVENCONCENTRATION.

=KxVSIEMEN.m 2 .mol. Ͳ1 1000
ACID

BASECONCEPTS:

TOCLASSIFYACIDSANDBASESTO

CLASSIFY

ACIDS AND BASES

THEFOLLOWINGCONCEPTSARE

DEFINEDDEFINED

1.ARRHENIOUSCONCEPT

ARRHENEOUSCONCEPT:

H

IONSIN

DISSOCIATES

TO H IONS IN

WATER.

BASE

ISASUBSTANCEWHICH

BASE IS A

SUBSTANCE

WHICH

DISSOCIATESTOGIVEOH

IONSIN

WATER.

BRONSTED

LOWRYCONCEPT:

BRONSTED

LOWRY

CONCEPT:

ACCORDINGTHISCONCEPTACIDIS

ASUBSTANCEWHICH

DONATES

A A

SUBSTANCE

WHICH

DONATES

A

PROTON,ANDBASEISASUBSTANCE

WHICHACEPTSAPROTON.

BY

APROTON

ISCALLED

DIFFERS

BY A

PROTON

IS

CALLED

CONJUGATEACIDͲBASEPAIR.

FACTORSWHICHINFLUENCETHEFACTORS

WHICH

INFLUENCE

THE

CONDUCTANCEOFASOLUTION

1,NATUREOFELECTROLYTE2.NATUREOFSOLVENT3.

CONCENTRATION

3.

CONCENTRATION

4.TEMPERATURE5

PRESENCEOFOTHERIONS

5

PRESENCE

OF OTHER IONS Q1

THE NUMBER OF COULMBS ARE

Q 1 THE

NUMBER

OF

COULMBS

ARE

REQUIRED FOR THE REDUCTION

OF IMOLE OF MnO4

-1

ION TO Mn

+2 a. 96500Ca.

96500C

b. 482500Cb.

482500C

c. 203000Cc.

203000C

d. 48250C

3February201221

d.

48250C

EXPLANATION:

5eͲ

MnO 4 r 1 Mn 2 MnO 4 1 Mn 2

OSOFMnIS+7

A ND O S OF Mn IS +7 A ND

CHANGEIS+7TO+2

1 MOLEOFMnO

-1

REQUIRES

5

MOLES OF

e

3February201222

e

TRANSFEROF1MOLEOFeͲ9650096500

C REQUIRED

TRANSFER

5

MOLES OF

TRANSFER

5 MOLES OF e

96500x5

e

96500x5

482500

C

REQUIRED

ANS b

3February201223

ANS b Q 2

ZINC CAN DISPLACE COPPER

Q 2 ZINC CAN

DISPLACE

COPPER

FROM COPPER SULPHATESOLUTION BECAUSESOLUTION

BECAUSE

1

REDUCTION POTENTIAL OF

1

REDUCTION

POTENTIAL

OF

ZINC IS HIGH.

2

REDUCTION POTENTIAL OF

2quotesdbs_dbs17.pdfusesText_23