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1HUPP-Pyhthon

3rd Meeiting

Book: Invent wihth Pyhoton, Albert Sweigart

Chapeter - 4 : Guess hthe Number

Chapeter - 5 : Jokes

2Chapeter 4: GUESS THE NUMBER

Outline: Topics Covered In This Chapter:

i import statements i Modules i Arguments i while statements i Conditions i Blocks i Booleans i Comparison operators i The difference between = and ==. i if statements i The break keyword. i The str() and int() functions. i The random.randint() function.

3Sample Run of "Guess hthe Number"

4Statements are not functions! No parentheses after their name..

They are instructions that perform some action but do not evaluate to a value like expressions do Some functions exist in separate programs called modules Import statement → import keyword + module name -import random → random is a module

The random.randint() function

Function calls are expressions because they evaluate to a value. The randint() function will return a random integer between (and including) the two integers we give it. Example 1: Let's try to write a code which generates random numbers :)Import Staetement

Python Many built-in functions

Modules FunctionsImport

import + module name random.randint(int1, int2)

5Statements are not functions! No parentheses after their name..

They are instructions that perform some action but do not evaluate to a value like expressions do Some functions exist in separate programs called modules Import statement → import keyword + module name -import random → random is a module

The random.randint() function

Function calls are expressions because they evaluate to a value. The randint() function will return a random integer between (and including) the two integers we give it. Example 1: Let's try to write a code which generates random numbers :)Import Staetement

Python Many built-in functions

Modules FunctionsImport

import + module name random.randint(int1, int2) number is the function call's return value

6 while + condition : while staetements (loop)

Always a colon (the : sign)

after the condition.while guessesTaken < 3: Conditions: An expression that combines two values with a comparison operator (such as < or >) and always evaluates to a Boolean value, either True or False Booleans : The Boolean data type has only two values: True or False Comparison Operators : The sign " < " . The comparison operator is used to compare two values and evaluate to a True or False Boolean value. Blocks : One or more lines of code grouped together with the same amount of indentation

7 while + condition : while staetements (loop)

Always a colon (the : sign)

after the condition.while guessesTaken < 3: Example 2: Try to write a code with a while loop ;)

8 while + condition : while staetements (loop)

Always a colon (the : sign)

after the condition.while guessesTaken < 3: Example 2: Try to write a code with a while loop ;) ** The block ends when there is a line of code with the same indentation before the block started ** A block can contain just one line( blocks 2 & 3)

9 while + condition :

while + condition : while staetements (loop) while blockAlways a colon (the : sign) after the condition. compare the player's guess with the random number the computer came up with which is integer. So string should be converted to integer!Ask a guess and store it in a variable called guess

AND convert string to integer

Increase the number of guesses

10 while + condition :

while + condition : while staetements (loop) while blockAlways a colon (the : sign) after the condition. compare the player's guess with the random number the computer came up with which is integer. So string should be converted to integer!Ask a guess and store it in a variable called guess

AND convert string to integer

Increase the number of guesses

if staetements(no loop) if + condition :If block

11 while + condition :

while + condition : while staetements (loop) while blockAlways a colon (the : sign) after the condition. compare the player's guess with the random number the computer came up with which is integer. So string should be converted to integer!Ask a guess and store it in a variable called guess

AND convert string to integer

Increase the number of guesses

if staetements(no loop) if + condition :If block break staetement(no condiition) jump out of the while-block to the first line after the end of the while-block.

12int( ) Funcition

int( ) function The int() function takes one argument. input() function returns a string of text If the player enters 5 as their guess, the input() function will return the string value '5' and not the integer value 5 The string we pass to int() must be made up of numbers The integer we pass to int() must also be numerical

Allowed to leave spaces

Integer can be added to a string which has been converted to an integer

13srtr( ) Funcition

Convert integer to string! Because, strings can be added only to the strings, not to integers..str( ) functioncheck to see if the player guessed correctly

If it is true!str() function which returns the string form of an argument.

14import statementSummary

Comment line

variable while statement if statement break statementint() function str() functionrandint() functionrandom module

15Chapeter 5: JOKES

Outline:Topics Covered In This Chapter:

i Using print()'s end keyword argument to skip newlines. i Escape characters. i Using single quotes and double quotes for strings.

16Source Code:Sample Run of Jokes

17How hthe Code Works

Three print( ) function calls: -Because don't want to tell the player second print string(what the joke's punch line is) immediately! -So, use input() function after 1st print() function -User can type a string or just hit enter after reading -Since input() value is not stored, the program will forget about it -And move to the next line -3rd print() function has no string argument. It will print a blank line

18Escape Characeters

In the 1st print() function, escape character, \' , to write single quote(') properly An escape character helps us print out letters that are hard to enter into the source code. Without backslash, the Python interpreter would think that this quote meant the end of the string.

19Quoetes and Double Quoetes

Both single quotes and double quotes can be used, but don't mix them The Python interpreter is smart enough to know that if a string starts with one type of quote, the other type of quote doesn't mean the string is ending

20hThe end Keyword Argument

In the 4st print() function, end keyword is used to avoid to have a blank after the print() function print() adds a newline character to the end of the string it prints

It has a second parameter named "end"

The blank string we are passing is called a keyword argument The end parameter has a specific name, and to pass an argument to this specific parameter we need to use the end= syntax. -Type the keyword + the keyword argument, you use only one = sign. -It is end =' ', and not end =' ' -It tells the print() function to not add a newline at the end of the string, but instead add a blank string

21Source Code:Summary

end=' ' keyword \ escape characternon-storing input print a blank line

Single quote

Double quote

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