76 Chapter 17: Alcohols and Phenols phenol (aromatic alcohol) pKa~ 10 alcohol 17 3: Properties of alcohols and phenols: acidity and basicity: Like water
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[PDF] Chapter 17: Alcohols and Phenols
76 Chapter 17: Alcohols and Phenols phenol (aromatic alcohol) pKa~ 10 alcohol 17 3: Properties of alcohols and phenols: acidity and basicity: Like water
[PDF] Alcohol and Phenol Tutorial
Alcohols are considered to be relatively non-acidic and non-basic compounds, while most phenols are classified as very weak acids and non-bases Alcohols and phenols are significantly less basic and nucleophilic than amines, in spite of the presence of two pairs of NBEs
[PDF] Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers - NCERT
Alcohols, phenols and ethers are the basic compounds for the formation of Phenol, also known as carbolic acid, was first isolated in the early nineteenth
[PDF] Chapter 2: Alcohols and Phenols
PROPERTIES OF ALCOHOLS AND PHENOLS: ACIDITY AND BASICITY Weakly basic and weakly acidic Alcohols are weak Brønsted bases
[PDF] 131 Alcohols and Phenols 131 Alcohols and Phenols 131
Given the relatively low pKa of phenols, will NaOH be a strong enough base to deprotonate a phenol? 13 2 Acidity of Alcohols and Phenols Copyright 2012 John
[PDF] Alcohols and Phenols Chem 145
Both alcohol and phenol show acidic property to a certain degree since the hydrogen in the hydroxy group (-OH) can be removed by a base as a proton ▫
[PDF] Properties of alcohols and phenols lab report - Squarespace
alcohols or phenols in order to increase or decrease acidity The chart below shows the boiling point of a simple basic alcohol with up to four carbon atoms:
[PDF] Alcohols and Phenols (pp 571-574)
13 2 Acidity of Alcohols and Phenols 571 13 2 Acidity of The conjugate base of an alcohol is called an alkoxide ion, and it exhibits a negative charge on an
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Phenols are less acidic than Carboxylic acids (pKa ≈ 5) COMPARISON OF ACIDITY OF PHENOLS AND ALCOHOLS • Phenol exists as resonance hybrid of
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Chapter 17: Alcohols and Phenols
phenol (aromatic alcohol) pKa~ 10 alcohol pKa~ 16-18 enol keto chemistry dominated by the keto form Alcohols contain an OH group connected to a saturated carbon (sp Phenols contain an OH group connected to a carbon of a benzene ring water alcohol ether peroxide thiols thioether disulfides Alcohols are classified as primary (1°), secondary (2°) or tertiary (3°), which refers to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group1° carbon
2° carbon
3° carbon
methanol primary secondary tertiary17.1: Nomenclature:
1.In general, alcohols are named in the same manner as
alkanes; replace the -ane suffix for alkanes with an -ol for alcohols2.Number the carbon chain so that the hydroxyl group gets
the lowest number3.Number the substituents and write the name listing the
substituents in alphabetical order.4.For phenols, follow benzene nomenclature and use phenol
as the parent name. The carbon bearing the -OH group gets number 1. butane 1-butanol 2-butanol Many alcohols are named using non-systematic nomenclature2-methyl-2-pentanol
3-phenyl-2-butanol
3,4-dinitrophenol
OHC benzyl alcohol (phenylmethanol) allyl alcohol (2-propen-1-ol) tert-butyl alcohol (2-methyl-2-propanol) ethylene glycol (1,2-ethanediol) glycerol (1,2,3-propanetriol) OHHO17.2: Properties of alcohols and phenols: Hydrogen bonding:
The structure around the oxygen atom of an alcohol or phenol is similar to that in water and is sp hybridized Alcohols and phenols have much higher boiling points than similar alkanes and alkyl halidesO CH
Cl CH
MW=18 MW=58 MW=92.5 MW=74bp= 100° C bp= -0° C bp= 77° C bp= 116° C
OH C
MW=78 MW=94 MW=92 MW=108 bp= 80° C bp= 182° C bp= 110° C bp= 203° C Alcohols and phenols, like water, can form hydrogen bonds: non covalent interaction between a hydrogen atom (δ involved in a polar covalent bond, with the lone pair of a heteroatom (usually O or N), which is also involved in a polar covalent bond (δHydrogen-bonds are broken
when the alcohol reaches its bp, which requires additional energy17.3:Properties of alcohols and phenols: acidity and basicity:
Like water, alcohols are weak Brønsted bases and weakBrønsted acids. The nature of the R group can
significantly influence the basicity or acidity oxonium ion alkoxide ionOH CH
OH CH
CH(OH)CH
(CH )C-OH MW = 32 MW = 74 MW = 74 MW = 74bp= 65° C bp = 116° C bp = 99° C bp = 82° C
pKa ~ 15.5 pKa ~ 16 pKa ~ 17 pKa ~ 18