[PDF] [PDF] Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids - Ncert Help

[PDF] Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids - Ncert Help

Chemistry Notes for class 12 Chapter 12 Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids In aldehydes, the carbonyl group ( )C=O) is bonded to carbon and 

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affecting the acidity of carboxylic acids and their reactions; • describe the uses of aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids Objectives Carbonyl compounds are 

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Carbonyl groups in aldehydes and ketones may be oxidized to form compounds at the next “oxidation level”, that of carboxylic acids O C H O C OH oxidation

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Carbonyl carbon of both aldehyde and ketones is sp2 – hybridised, One of the three sp2 hybridised orbital aldehydes and ketone further to carboxylic acids

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Chemistry Notes for class 12 Chapter 12

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

In aldehydes, the carbonyl group ( )C=O) is bonded to carbon and hydrogen, while in the ketones, it is bonded to two carbon atoms

Nature of Carbonyl Group

The carbon and oxygen of the carbonyl group are Sp2 hybridised and the carbonyl double bond contains one o-ʌ-bond. The electronegativity of oxygen is much higher than that of the carbon, so there electron cloud is shifted towards the oxygen. Therefore, C-O bond is polar in nature.

Nomenclature

(i) Nomenclature of aldehydes

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