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ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt1
Product Design & Development
Concept Generation
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt2
Concept Generation Example:
Power Nailer
• What existing solution concepts, if any, could be successfully adapted for this application? • What new concepts might satisfy the established needs and specifications? • What methods can be used to facilitate the concept generation process?
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt3
Concept Development
Process
Perform Economic Analysis
Benchmark Competitive Products
Build and Test Models and Prototypes
Identify
Customer
Needs
Establish
Target
Specifications
Generate
Product
Concepts
Select
Product
Concept(s)
Set Final
Specifications
Plan
Downstream
DevelopmentMission
Statement
Test
Product
Concept(s)Development
Plan 4
The Activity of Concept Generation
• A good concept is sometimes poorly implemented in subsequent development phases, but a poor concept can rarely be manipulated to achieve commercial success. • Concept generation typically consumes less than 5% budget and 15% of the development time • Because the concept genaration activity is not costly, there is no excuse for lack of diligence and care in executing asound concept generation method.
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt5
Preliminary questions
After identifying customer needs and
establishing target product specifications, the team should ask: • What existing solutions could be adapted for this application? • What new concepts might satisfy these needs and specifications? • What methods can be used to facilitate concept generation process?
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt6
Concept generation activity
• Structured approaches reduce the likelihood of costly problems - Common dysfunctions during concept generation: - Consideration of only one or two alternatives, often proposed by the most assertive members of the team. - Failure to consider carefully the usefulness of concepts employed by other firms in related and unrelated products. - Involvement of only one or two people in the process, resulting in lack of confidence and commitment by other team members. - Ineffective integration of promising partial solutions. - Failure to consider entire categories of solutions.
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt7
A Five-Step Method
• Step 1: Clarify the Problem • Step 2: Search Externally • Step 3: Search Internally • Step 4: Explore Systematically • Step 5: Reflect on the Results and the
Process
8
Concept Generation
Process
1. Clarify the
problem • Understanding • Problem decomposition • Focus on critical subproblems
3. Search internally
• Individual • Group2. Search externally • Lead users • Experts • Patents • Literature • Benchmarking
4. Explore
systematically • Classification tree • Combination table
5. Reflect on solution
and process • Constructive feedback
SUBPROBLEMS
NEW
CONCEPTS
EXISTING
CONCEPTS
INTEGRATED
SOLUTIONS
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt9
The nailer: Step 1
Review assumptions underlying mission
statement
The nailer will:
- use nails (as opposed to adhesives, screws etc.). - be compatible with nail magazines on existing tools. - nail into wood. - be hand-held.
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt10
Customer needs
• Customer needs (for a hand-held nailer) - The nailer inserts nails in rapid succession. - The nailer works into tight spaces - The nailer is lightweight. - The nailer has no noticeable nailing delay after tripping tool.
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt11
Target specifications
• No noticeable nailing delay after pulling trigger • Nail lengths from 25 to 38 mm. • Maximum nailing energy of 40 J/nail. • Nailing force of up to 2,000 N. • Peak nailing rate of 12 nails/second.
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt12
Target specifications (cont)
• Average nailing rate of 4 nails/min. • Maximum trigger delay of 0.25 second. • Tool mass less than 4 kg • Maximum trigger delay of 0.25 sec.
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt13
Problem decomposition
• Decompose complex problem into simpler sub-problems. Many design challenges are too complexto solve as a single problem. • Split a complex problem into simpler sub- problems.(Problem decomposition)
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt14
Problem decomposition
• Split system into modules
Examples:
-document copier -paper clip • Many schemes - Functional decomposition
Possible submodules:
•Document handler •Paper feeder •Image capture device •Printing device •...More dificult to split, but still possible...
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt15
Problem Decomposition:
Function Diagram
Store nailsStore or accept external energy
Isolate
nailConvert energy to translational energy Apply translational energy to nail Sense tripTrigger tool
Energy
Nails "Trip" of toolDriven nail
Hand-held
nailer
Energy (?)
Signal (?)
Material (nails)Energy (?)
Signal (tool "trip")INPUT OUTPUTMaterial (driven nail)
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt16
Some useful tips to get started
• Create a function diagram of an existing product. • Create function diagram based on an arbitrary product concept already generated by the team or on a known subfunction technology. Be sure to generalize the diagram to the appropriate level of abstraction.
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt17
Tips to get started
• Follow one of the flows (e.g., materials) and determine what operations are required.
The details of the other flows can be
derived by thinking about their connections to the initial flow.
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt18
Two other approaches
• Decomposition by sequence of user actions. - Move tool to approximate nailing position, - Position tool precisely, - Pull trigger. • Decomposition by key customer needs - Fires nails in rapid succession, - Fits in tight places, - Has large nail capacity.
Products with very simple
technical functions involving a lot of user interactionsProducts in which form, andnot working principles or technology, is the primary problem
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt19
Focus on critical sub-problems
• The aim of decomposition techniques is to split a complex problem into simpler sub- problems, then tackle each in a focused way.
ETM 551 Lecture 5 -Concept
Generation.ppt20
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[PDF] Product Design & Development