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Land Governance for Equitable and

Sustainable Development

Flowers for food?

Synthesis and country reports

Food & Business Knowledge Platform (F&BKP) and LANDac

January 2016

Authors: Evans Kirigia, Gemma Betsema, Guus van Westen, and Annelies Zoomers (LANDac /IDS, Utrecht University) Scoping study on Dutch flower farms, land governance and local food security in Eastern Africa

Flowers for food?

Scoping study on Dutch flower farms, land governance and local food security in Eastern Africa Commissioned by the Food & Business Knowledge Platform (F&BKP)

Conducted by LANDac/IDS, Utrecht University

Cover photo: Evans Kirigia (Farmer cultivating land using a plough and oxen in Bishoftu, Ethiopia)

Photograpy: Gemma Betsema & Evans Kirigia

Graphic design: C&M, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University

LANDac

LANDac, the Netherlands Academy on Land Governance for Equitable and Sustainable Development, is a partnership between Dutch organizations working on land governance. Led by the International Development Studies (IDS) group

at Utrecht University, it is a partnership between IDS and the African Studies Centre (ASC), Agriterra, the Sociology of

Development and Change (SDC) group at Wageningen University, HIVOS, the Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), and the

Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Aflairs. With a focus on new pressures and competing claims on land and natural

resources, the LANDac network conducts research, disseminates information, and organizes courses and trainings.

The guiding question is how to optimize the link between land governance, sustainable development and poverty

alleviation. www.landgovernance.org F&BKP The Food and Business Knowledge Platform (F&BKP) is one of ffve Knowledge Platforms initiated by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Aflairs in 2012. It is an open and independent initiative where representatives from international networks and organizations of business, science, civil society and policy come

together. The Platform shares, critically reects on, generates, deepens and improves interdisciplinary knowledge; this

knowledge feeds into practices and policies on food and nutrition security. Land governance is one of the prioritized

themes in its mission to develop a more focused knowledge agenda. www.knowledge4food.net

This scoping study

This scoping study consists of a synthesis report followed by four country reports. The synthesis report provides a

summary of a study that assessed the contribution of the Dutch ower sector to local development and food security in

Eastern Africa. Field research was carried out in four countries that host communities of Dutch ower farmers, namely

Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Ethiopia. The individual country reports, based on ffve months of ffeldwork, can be found

in the annex to this document. The analysis is based on interviews and focus group discussions with ower company

representatives and their employees, and neighbouring households as well as key informants such as local chiefs and

elders, businesspersons active in the food sector, government employees and non-governmental organizations (NGOs).

The ffeld work for this study was carried out by Evans Kirigia (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Ethiopia) and Gemma

Betsema (Uganda) and the ffnal report was written in collaboration with Guus van Westen and Annelies Zoomers of IDS.

3Flowers for food? Scoping study on dutch flower farms, land governance and local food security in Eastern Africa

Content

Abbreviations

4 1

Introduction

5 1.1

Methodology and study scope 5

1.2

Scope of the study 7

2

Characterization of floriculture investments 9

2.1 Characterization of oriculture investments in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Ethiopia 9 2.2

Floriculture business models 10

3

Processes of land acquisition 12

4

Competition for scarce natural resources 14

4.1 Land 14 4.2 Water 15 5 Floriculture investments in Eastern Africa: Contributing to local development? 17 6 Effects of floriculture investments on food security 21 6.1

Previous land users 21

6.2

Neighbouring communities 21

6.3

Employees

21
6.4quotesdbs_dbs3.pdfusesText_6