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INTRODUCTION TO FRENCH VERBS

PRESENT TENSE OF ²ER VERBS:

THE FIRST GROUP

Sixth lesson ² Sixième lesson

CONTENTS

|1. Introduction |2. Present tense: -er verbs |3. Conjugation of -er verbs |4. Special characteristics of -er verbs

1. INTRODUCTION

|A verb is a word that expresses an action ex. : aller (to go), venir (to come) " or a state of being ex. : être (to be), sentir (to feel"

1. INTRODUCTION

|A verb also indicates when the action or the state of being takes place: past tense, present tense or future tense.

1. INTRODUCTION

|The correct conjugated forms of a French verb are obtained from its basic, unconjugated form called the infinitive.

1. INTRODUCTION

|In English, the infinitive is formed by adding to in front of the verb (PR GR PR VLQJ"). | In French, the infinitive forms are indicated by verb endings ²er, -ir and ²re.

1. INTRODUCTION

|Verbs in ²er form the first group. Ex.: |Acheter to buy |Appeler to call |Essayer to try |Parler to speak/to talk |Préférer to prefer |Voyager to travel

1. INTRODUCTION

|Verbs ²ir form the second group. Ex.: yAgir to act yChoisir to choose yCourir to run yFinir to finish yMourir to die ySentir to feel yVouloir to want

1. INTRODUCTION

|Verbs in ²re form the third group. Ex.: |Comprendre to understand |Conduire to drive |Entendre to hear |Sourire to smile |Vendre to sell |Vivre to live

1. INTRODUCTION

|It is useful to classify verbs in these three groups because different conjugation rules apply to each of them. |The irregular verbs être, avoir and aller are not a part of a group.

2. THE PRESENT TENSE: -ER VERBS

|To learn how to conjugate regular and irregular ² er verbs, the most common category, OHP·V use these verbs below as examples: a)chanter to sing b)appeler to call c)acheter to buy d)préférer to prefer e) peser to weigh f)essayer to try g)voyager to travel

3. CONJUGATION OF ²ER VERBS

|To conjugate a regular ²er verb, remove its infinitive ending (-er) and then add the appropriate endings to the root.

A. Ex.: chanter Î chant-

3. CONJUGATION OF ²ER VERBS

Singular Plural

1st person Je chante Nous chantons

2nd person Tu chantes Vous chantez

3rd person Il/elle/on chante Ils/elles chantent

3. CONJUGATION OF ²ER VERBS

|Other useful ²er verbs conjugated like chanter (to sing) |Aimer to love/to like |Étudier to study |Habiter to live |Parler to talk |Travailler to work

3. CONJUGATION OF ²ER VERBS

|Note : the verb forms : je chante, tu chantes, il/elle/on chante, ils/elles chantent are pronounced exactly in the same way. |This means the final ²e, -s and ²ent are silent. |This rule applies to all the above verbs and to those similar to them.

4. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ²ER VERBS

B. Verbs ending in ²eler

(Ex. : V·MSSHOHU ÓH P·MSSHOOH"my name is" its derivatives, similar verbs and verbs ending in ²eter (such as jeter ²to throw).

4. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ²ER VERBS

|When conjugating these verbs in the present PHQVH GRXNOH POH URRP·V ŃRQVRQQMQPV ²l / ²t. |7OLV UXOH GRHVQ·P ŃRQŃHUQ POH SOXUMO nous (we) and vous (you).

4. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ²ER VERBS

Appeler (to call) Jeter (to throw)

-·appelle Je jette

Tu appelles Tu jettes

Il/elle/on appelle Il/elle/on jette

Nous appelons Nous jetons

Vous appelez Vous jetez

Ils/elles appellent Ils/elles jettent

4. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ²ER VERBS

|Here are some other verbs conjugated like appeler and jeter |Rappeler to call back |Épeler to spell |Feuilleter to page through |Rejeter to reject |Projeter to plan

4. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ²ER VERBS

C. Some verbs ending in ²eler and ²eter do not double the ²l or ²t before the silent final ²e (acheter ² to buy / peler ² to peel) The ²e in the last syllable of the root changes to ²è in all the conjugated forms, except in the plural (nous and vous) yEx.: acheter Î Ó·MŃOqPH PR NX\

4. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ²ER VERBS

Acheter (to buy) Geler (to freeze)

-·MŃOète Je gèle

Tu achètes Tu gèles

Il/elle/on achète Il/elle/on gèle

Nous achetons Nous gelons

Vous achetez Vous gelez

Ils/elles achètent Ils/elles gèlent

4. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ²ER VERBS

|There are 22 irregular verbs like acheter and geler, here are five examples: |Fileter to fillet, to thread |Modeler to model, to shape |Peler to peel |Ciseler to chisel |Écarteler to quarter

4. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ²ER VERBS

D. Verbs like préférer (to prefer).

|For these verbs, the ² é in the last syllable of the root changes to an ²è, except for the first and second person plural (nous and vous)

4. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ²ER VERBS

|Préférer-to prefer

Singular plural

Je préfère Nous préférons

Tu préfères Vous préférez

Il/elle/on préfère Ils/elles préfèrent

4. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ²ER VERBS

|Other verbs like préférer |Considérer to consider |Espérer to hope |Régler to regulate, to pay |Répéter to repeat |Récupérer to recover

4. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ²ER VERBS

E. Verbs ending in ²ecer, -emer, -eper, -erer, - eser, -ever and ²evrer, have a silent ²e before the last syllable (Ex.: peser-to weigh). |The silent ²HLQWKHODVWV\OODEOHRIWKHURRWquotesdbs_dbs21.pdfusesText_27