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FRENCH
V E R B DR I L L SR.de Roussy de Sales
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iiiContents
Introduction vii
Part 1
Regular Verbs 1
1Infinitive 1
2Present indicative of regular -
erverbs1Use of tense2
3Present indicative of regular -
irverbs and interrogative forms 5Irverbs5
Interrogative forms6
4Present indicative of regular -
reverbs and negative form7Reforms7
Negative form9
5The imperative10
Use of the imperative10
6The present participle11
Usage11
7The future12
Usage13
8The conditional14
Usage14
9The imperfect past16
Usage16
Review17
ivContents10Êtreand avoir(present, future, conditional, imperfect)19
11The past participle22
Agreement of the past participle23
12The pa
ssécomposé23 treor avoir?24Usage25
13The pa
ssésimple26Usage27
14The present subjunctive28
Use of the subjunctive mood29
Use of the present subjunctive30
15The past (or perfect) subjunctive and the pluperfect subjunctive 33
The past subjunctive33
The pluperfect subjunctive34
16The imperfect subjunctive36
Use of the imperfect subjunctive36
17Reflexive verbs37
Agreement of the past participle38
Review41
18-Cerverbs that change -c-into -ç-45
19-Gerverbs that add a mute -e-46
20Verbs with a mute -
e-that changes into -è-4721Verbs with an -
é-that changes into -è-48
22Verbs ending in -
yerthat change -y-into -i-4823Verbs ending in -
eleror -eterthat double the consonant 4924Ê
treand avoir(all tenses)5225Compound tenses with a
voir5626Compound tenses with êt
re5727Passive voice 60
vContentsPart 2
Irregular Verbs 63
28Vouloir, pouvoir, savoir63
29Dormir, prendre, ouvrir66 30A
ller, venir, voir71 31F
aire, mettre, connaître78
Idiomatic uses of fair
e8032Impersonal verbs (fa
lloir, pleuvoir, neiger)84 33Battre, boire, conduire85 34Co
urir, craindre, croire88 35Dev
oir, dire, écrire91 36L
ire, mourir, naître94 37Pl
aire, recevoir, rire97 38S
uivre, tenir, vaincre100 39V
ivre, valoir103 40S'a
sseoir106 Revi ew109
Appendix: Final Review111
Answer Key127
Index of Verbs139
French-English139
English-French144
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viiIntroduction
Practice is an indispensable element of mastery in foreign language learning, as in other subject areas. French Verb Drillsis an excellent supplement to basic classroom texts and is particularly valuable as a tool for individualized instruction and practice. In a clear and concise way this book leads students to an understanding of how French verbs are formed and used. A variety of exercises reinforces the ability to manipulate the language in its written form, and many of the exercises can be easily converted to oral drills, thereby adding another dimen- sion to practice. Students use the verbs in context, and the emphasis is on con- temporary, colloquial use of the language. There are several abbreviations that are used throughout the book. These are as follows: f. feminine fam. familiar m. masculine pl. plural reg. regular s. singular French Verb Drillsis divided into two parts. Part 1 offers concise expla- nations, charts, and focused examples of all French verb constructions, tenses, and moods, beginning with the present tense of regular and irregular verbs. Part 2 provides complete reference charts for common irregular verbs and verb groups. There are also an appendix offering students a final review of all the conjugations learned in the book, an answer key for self-correction, and a French-English/English-French index of verbs. This book should be an invaluable aid for students wishing to advance more quickly in their study of French, as well as for those who need additional understanding and practice for mastering classroom assignments.This page intentionally left blank.
1Part 1
Regular Verbs
1Infinitive
All French verbs have infinitives ending in -er, -ir, or-re.Regular verbs are normally classified into three
groups, according to their infinitive ending:1. parler
(to speak)2. finir
(to finish)3. vendr
e(to sell) The stem of the verb is obtained by dropping the infinitive ending -er, -ir, or-re(i.e., leaving the stems parl-, fin-, andvend-). The present tense of regular -erverbs is formed by adding the endings -e, -es, -e, -ons, -ez, and -ent to the stem of the verb. The subject pronouns (je, tu, il/elle/on, nous, vous, ils/elles) are always used. parler(to speak) singular je parle (I speak, I do speak, or I am speaking) tu parle s(familiar singular) (you speak, you do speak, or you are speaking) or:vous parlez (polite singular) (you speak, you do speak, or you are speaking) il parle (he speaks, he does speak, or he is speaking) elle parle (she speaks, she does speak, or she is speaking)2Present indicative of regular -erverbs
on parle(one speaks, we speak, or they speak; one does speak, we do speak, or they do speak; one is speaking, we are speaking, or they are speaking) plural nous parlo ns(we speak, we do speak, or we are speaking) vous parlez (you speak, you do speak, or you are speaking) ils parle nt(they [m.] speak, they do speak, or they are speaking) elles parle nt(they [f.] speak, they do speak, or they are speaking) In French, the second person singular (you) has two forms: the familiar form, using the pronoun tu,and the polite form, using the pronoun vous. singularplural of both forms familiar formt uparles(you speak)v ousparlez(you speak)polite formv ousparlez The -eof jeis dropped when the word that follows it begins with a vowel or a silent (mute) h (elision). J'a rrive. (I'm coming.) J'h abite à Paris. (I live in Paris.)Use of tense
The present indicative is used in French as it is in English. However, with depuis,it is also used to
express an action which took place in the past and is still going on at present. Il pleutdepuisdeux jours. (It has been raining for two days.) The English progressive form (-ing) can be expressed in French with tre en train de+ the infini- tive form of the verb.