typing them into the example document on Overleaf ▷ No really, you should try them out as we go Page 8
Writing LaTeX Code Basic Formatting 3 LATEX and You The Files Math Mode Figures and Tables 4 Beamer 5 LATEX Extended Common Errors More Math
Abstract This article provides useful tools to write a thesis with LATEX For example, the following command formats the thesis on both faces of letter paper
\gg is ≫ (math mode) \glossary{text} appends text to the glo file by writing a \ glossaryentry command \glossaryentry{text}{
When it comes to writing up math, there's nothing better than LaTeX (unless you do stat, and R Markdown is your jam, but even that uses LaTeX) It is bar none
The exercises in laboratory session 4 provide an example of how to create eps file, and how to include this file into a LATEX document (If you You can also
current version, LATEX 2 Mathematics Math vs text vs functions In properly typeset mathematics, the variables appear in italics (for example
nuthesis-sample tex, to be texed with latex MAL (6/16/1999) updated MAL - 7/11/2016 (update margin requirements) updated MAL - 4/18/2017
7 Standard LATEX document classes C The AMS-LATEX sample article wants to write and typeset articles containing mathematical formulas but does not
The manual tells how to make other symbols Figure 2: The Result of Processing the Sample File 3 2 LATEX Commands There are a number of words in
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L A
TEX Command Summary
This listing contains short descriptions of the
control sequences that are likely to be handy for users of L A
TEX v2.09 layered on TEX v2.0. Some
of these commands are L A
TEX macros, while oth-
ers belong to plain TEX; no attempt to dieren- tiate them is made. \ | ordinary space after period. \!|negativethinspace=- 1 6 quad; xx\!xyieldsxxx(math mode). \"makes an umlaut, as ¨o. \#prints a pound sign: #. \$prints a dollar sign: $. \%prints a percent sign: %. \&prints an ampersand: &. \'intabbingenvironment moves current column to the right of the previous column. Elsewhere, acute accent, as o. \(| start math mode. Same as\begin{math} or$. \)| end math mode. Same as\end{math}or$. \*is a discretionary multiplication sign, at which a line break is allowed. \+moves left margin to the right by one tab stop.
Begin tabbed line.
\,|thinspace= 1 6 quad;xx\,xyieldsxxx.It is not restricted to math mode. \-intabbingenvironment, moves left margin to the left by one tab stop. Elsewhere, optional hyphenation. \.puts a dot accent over a letter, as _o. \/inserts italics adjustment space. \:| medium space = 2 9 quad;xx\:xyieldsxx x (math mode). \;|thickspace= 5 18 quad;xx\;xyieldsxx x (math mode). \
Elsewhere, makes a macron accent, as o. \>intabbingenvironment is a forward tab. Otherwise, medium space =
2 9 quad (math mode). \@declares the period that follows is to be a sentence-ending period. \[|sameas\begin{displaymath}or$$. \\terminates a line.\\*terminates a line, but disallows a pagebreak. \]|sameas\end{displaymath}or$$. \^makes a circumflex, as ^o. \_is an underscore, as inhours worked. \`intabbingenvironment moves all text which follows (up to\\) to the right margin. Elsewhere, grave accent , as o.
\{prints a curly left brace:f. \|isk(math mode). \}prints a curly right brace:g. \~makes a tilde, as ~n. \a'makes an acute accent intabbing environment, as o. \a`makes a grave accent intabbing environment, as o. \a=makes a macron accent intabbing environment, as o. \aais a.\AAisA. \acutemakes an acute accent: a(math mode). \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{name}adds the command\contentsline{section}{name} to the.tocle. \address{text}declares the return address in theletterdocument style. \addtocontents{toc}{text}writestextto the .tocle. \addtocounter{name}{amount}addsamountto countername. \addtolength{\nl}{length}addslengthto length command\nl.Seealso\setlength, \newlength,\settowidth. \aeis .\AEis . \alephis@(math mode). \alph{counter}printscounteras lower-case letters.\Alph{counter}prints upper-case letters. \alphais(math mode). \amalgisq(math mode). \andseparates multipleauthors for the \maketitlecommand. \angleis 6 (math mode). \appendixstarts appendices. \approxis(math mode). \arabic{counter}printscounteras arabic numerals1,2,etc. \arccosis arccos (math mode). \arcsinis arcsin (math mode). 2L A TEX Command Summary
\arctanis arctan (math mode). \argis arg (math mode). \arraycolsep| width of the space between columns in anarrayenvironment. \arrayrulewidth| width of the rule created in tabularorarrayenvironment by|,\hline, or\vline. \arraystretch| scale factor for interrow spacing inarrayandtabularenvironments. \astis(math mode). \asympis(math mode). \author{names}declares author(s) for the \maketitlecommand. \bis a \bar-under" accent, as o. \backslashisn(math mode). \barputs a macron over a letter: a(math mode). \baselineskip| distance from bottom of one line of a paragraph to bottom of the next line. \baselinestretch|factorbywhich \baselineskipis multiplied each time a type size changing command is executed. \begin{environment}| always paired with \end{environment}. Following are the assorted environments. \begin{abstract}starts an environment for producing an abstract. \begin{array}{lrc}starts array environment with 3 columns, left-justied, right-justied, and centered. Separate columns with&,and end lines with\\.@{text}betweenl,rorc arguments putstextbetween columns. \begin{center}starts an environment in which every line is centered. End lines with\\. \begin{description}starts a labeled list. Items are indicated by\item[label]. \begin{displaymath}sets mathematics on lines of its own. Same as\[or$$. \begin{document}starts the actual text of a document. Required. \begin{enumerate}starts a numbered list. \begin{eqnarray}starts adisplaymath environment in which more than one equation can be accommodated. Separate equations with \\or\\*;use\nonumberto suppress numbering a particular equation. \begin{eqnarray*}begins an environment like theeqnarrayenvironment except that the equations aren't numbered. \begin{equation}starts adisplaymath environment and adds an equation number.\begin{figure}[pos]begins a floating environment, which may be optionally placed atpos(seepositionson page 8). Document stylesreportandarticleuse the defaulttbp. \begin{figure*}[pos]begins a two-column-wide gure. See\begin{figure}. \begin{flushleft}starts environment with ragged right-hand margin. Separate lines with \\.See\raggedright. \begin{flushright}starts environment with ragged left-hand margin. Separate lines with \\.See\raggedleft. \begin{itemize}starts a \bulleted" () list. Start each item with\item.
\begin{list}{labeling}{spacing}starts a general list environment.labelingspecies how items are labeled when\itemhas no argument.spacingis an optional list of spacing parameters. \begin{math}starts a math display like this: x 2 +y 2 , within text. Same as$or\(. \begin{minipage}[pos]{vsize}starts a box of heightvsize. Text will be positioned according topos(seepositionson page 8). \begin{picture}(x;y)(x l ;y l ) starts a picture environment whose width isxunits, height isy units, and lower-left corner is the point (x l ;y l Set units with\unitlength.
\begin{quotation}starts an environment with wider margins, normal paragraph indenting, and oset from the text at top and bottom. \begin{quote}starts an environment with wider margins, no paragraph indenting, and oset from the text at top and bottom. \begin{tabbing}starts a columnar environment. Use commands\=(set tab),\>(tab),\<
(backtab),\+(indent one tab stop),\- (outdent one tab stop),\`(flush right),\' (flush left),\pushtabs,\poptabs,\kill,\\. \begin{table}[pos]begins a floating environment, which may be optionally placed atpos(seepositionson page 8). Document stylesreportandarticleuse the defaulttbp. \begin{table*}[pos]begins a two-column-wide table. See\begin{table}. \begin{tabular}{arg}starts an array environment which can be used in or out of math mode.argcontains column text positioning commandsr,l,c,@{...}, p{length}(seepositionson page 8). |produces vertical line between columns. *{7}{r|l|}repeats that entry 7 times. December 28, 19993
\begin{theorem}|see\newtheorem. \begin{titlepage}is an environment with no page number, and causes following page to be numbered \1". \begin{verbatim}starts an environment which will be typeset exactly as you type it, carriage returns and all, usually intypewriterfont. \begin{verse}starts an environment for poetry with wider margins, no paragraph indenting, and ragged right margin. \betais(math mode). \bfswitches tobold facetype. \bibitem{ref} textcreates a bibliography entry text, numbers it, and labels it with reference labelref. \bibliography{file}| insert bibliography from lename.bibat this point in text. \bibliographystyle{style}| a format specier, like\documentstyle. \bigcapisT(math mode). \bigcircis?(math mode). \bigcupisS(math mode). \bigodotisJ(math mode). \bigoplusisL(math mode). \bigotimesisN(math mode). \bigtriangledownis5(math mode). \bigtriangleupis4(math mode). \bigskip| standard \big" vertical skip. \bigskipamount| default length for\bigskip. \bigsqcupisF(math mode). \biguplusisU(math mode). \bigveeisW(math mode). \bigwedgeisV(math mode). \bmodis binary modulo expressionumodm (math mode). \boldmathchanges math italics and math symbols to boldface. Should be usedoutsideof math mode. \botis?(math mode). \bottomfraction| maximum fraction of page occupied by floats at the bottom. \bowtieis./(math mode). \Boxis2(math mode). \brevemakes a breve accent: a(math mode). \bulletis(math mode). \cis a cedilla, as c. \calproduces calligraphic letters, asB(math mode).\capis\(math mode). \caption[loftitle]{text}creates a numbered caption in afigureortableenvironment. Optionalloftitlecontains entry for the list of
gures if dierent fromtext. \cc{text}declares list of copy recipients for letterdocument style. \cdotis(math mode). \cdotsmakes three dots centered on the line: (cf.\ldots) (math mode). \centeringdeclares that all text following is to be centered (cf.\begin{center}). \chapter[toctitle]{text}begins a new section, automatically headed and numbered. Optionaltoctitlecontains entry for the table
of contents if dierent fromtext. \chapter*{title}is like\chapter{title}, but adds no chapter number or table of contents entry. \checkmakes a hacek, as a(math mode). \chiis(math mode). \circis(math mode). \circle{diameter}as a valid argument for\put in apictureenvironment, draws a circle. \circle*{diameter}is like\circle, but draws a solid circle. \cite[subcit]{ref}produces a reference, in square brackets, to a bibliographic item created with\bibitem{ref}. Optional sub-citation subcitcan be inserted in the entry. \cleardoublepageforces next page to be a right-hand, odd-numbered page. \clearpageends a page where it is, and puts pending gures or tables on separate float pages with no text. \cline{i-j}draws a horizontal line across columnsithroughjinclusive inarrayor tabularenvironments. \closing{text}declares the closing inletter document style. \clubsuitis|(math mode). \columnsep| distance between columns in two-column text. \columnseprule| width of the rule between columns on two-column pages. \columnwidth| width of the current column. Equals\textwidthin single-column text.
\congis=(math mode). \coprodis`(math mode). 4L A TEX Command Summary
\copyrightisc?. \cosis cos (math mode). \coshis cosh (math mode). \cotis cot (math mode). \cothis coth (math mode). \cscis csc (math mode). \cupis[(math mode). \dis a \dot under" accent, as o.. \dagisy. \daggerisy(math mode). \dashbox{dwid}(width,height)[pos]{text} creates a dashed rectangle aroundtextin a pictureenvironment. Dashes aredwidunits wide; dimensions of rectangle arewidthand height; text is positioned at optionalpos(see positionson page 8). \dashvisa(math mode). \date{adate}declares the date for the \maketitlecommand. The default is\today. \day| current day of the month. \dblfloatpagefraction| minimum fraction of a float page that must be occupied by floats, for two-column float pages. \dblfloatsep| distance between floats at the top or bottom of a two-column float page. \dbltextfloatsep| distance between double-width floats at the top or bottom of a two-column page and the text on that page. \dbltopfraction| maximum fraction at the top of a two-column page that may be occupied by floats. \ddagisz. \ddaggerisz(math mode). \ddotmakes a dieresis over a letter: ¨a(math mode). \ddotsproduces a diagonal ellipsis...(math mode). \degis deg (math mode). \deltais.\Deltais (math mode). \detis det (math mode). \diamondis.\Diamondis3(both math mode). \diamondsuitis}(math mode). \dimis dim (math mode). \displaystyleswitches todisplaymathor equationenvironment typesetting (math mode). \divis(math mode).\documentstyle[substy]{sty}determines default font, headings, etc., for document of stylesty(and optional substylesubsty). Styles:article,book,letter,report,
slides. Substyles:11pt,12pt,acm,draft, fleqn,leqno,twocolumn,twoside. \dotmakes a dot over a letter: _a(math mode). \doteqis:= (math mode). \dotfillexpands to ll horizontal space with row of dots. \doublerulesep| horizontal distance between vertical rules created by||intabularor arrayenvironment. \downarrowis#.\Downarrowis+(math mode). \ellis`(math mode). \emtoggles between roman anditalicfonts for emphasis. \emptysetis;(math mode). \encl{text}declares a list of enclosures for letterdocument style. \end{environment}ends an environment begunquotesdbs_dbs14.pdfusesText_20
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