An overview of the XSL spec (including XSLT and XPath) l Examples of various use cases l Relationship with other XML technologies l A detailed example
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[PDF] Introduction à XML et XSLT - Laboratoire de Recherche en
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What Do You Know Now? C Know HTML (even a little) C XML C SGML C XSLT C XSL-FO
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documents XML en d'autres documents XML • Peut-être vu comme un langage de feuilles de style évolué • Un document XSLT est lui-même en XML
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Introduction Commencez par Transformation d'un document XML par une feuille XSL Téléchargez le Référencez-le dans albums xml ou utilisez xslt html
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An overview of the XSL spec (including XSLT and XPath) l Examples of various use cases l Relationship with other XML technologies l A detailed example
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lIntroductionto XSL lXMLDocuments lStylingXML Documents lXSL lExampleI: Hamlet lExampleII: MixedWritingModes lExampleIII: database lOtherExamples lHowdo theydothat? lTheXSL Process(es) lServer-Side/Client-SideXSL lXSLand otherW3Cspecs lTransformations:XSLT lGeneral-purposeXSLT lTemplates lXSLTstatements l"Play"to HTML lXPath lFormattingObjects basics lPages lThearea model lBlock/inlineareas
Introductionto XSL
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lFormattingObjects: lProperties lExample:Play toFO lTop-levelTemplate lI18NFormatting ObjectsandProperties
lOtherFormatting Objects lExample:mixed writingmodes lIfyou arestillinterested...Introductionto XSL
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Ina nutshell:XSLis aW3Cspecificationthatdescribes amethod forvisually presentingXMLdocuments.Thistutorial willcover:
lAnoverview oftheXSL spec(includingXSLT andXPath) lExamplesof varioususecases lRelationshipwith otherXMLtechnologies lAdetailed exampleTheseslides areavailableat
Introductionto XSL
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lXML(eXtensible MarkupLanguage)adds informationtotext files,using tagsandattributes[example1],[example2] lTagnames aredefinedfor aspecificdocumenttype . lUsesthe Unicodecharacterset lDesignedto beeasilyprocessed bymachinewhile remaining readable.XMLDocuments
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lXMLdocuments areideallysemantic. Forexample,this bitofHTMLis wrong:
Donot smoke,XSL(eXtensible StylesheetLanguage).
CSS TITLE{ display:block; font-family:Helvetica; font-size:18pt } Simplemodel: propertiesareassociated totagsor attributes.StylingXML Documents
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XSLis analternativeto CSSthatallows greatercontrolover the presentationof theXMLdata.Whatcan itdo?
l[likeCSS] allowchangingpresentation withoutchangingtheXMLsource, anddisplaydocuments onvariousmedia,
lalso:I18N features(writingmodes, textalignment, hyphenation),complex pagelayout,footnotes, automatic generationof content(index)Whois itfor?
Applicationsthat requirehigh-levelquality formatting: lPublishingindustry (books,technicaldocumentation) XSLIntroductionto XSLMaxFroumentin -W3C4 of30
lPublicationon differentmedia:paper, web,mobiledevices . Butis itnotmeant tobeused wherepresentationis deeplytiedto thecontents (likegraphicdesign).Introductionto XSLMaxFroumentin -W3C4 of30
ExampleI: Hamlet
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ExampleII: MixedWritingModes
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...
ExampleIII: database
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lW3Cspecs (oneDTD,output formats:HTML,sliced HTML, text,PDF), e.gMathML2.0 ,XML1.0 lThisslideshowOtherExamples
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lAnXSLstylesheet isan XMLFile lItis associatedtoan XMLdocumentwith aStylesheetProcessingInstruction (likeCSS)
Howdo theydothat?
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Theresult treeisan XMLdocumentin whichthemarkup has informationabout howtodisplay thedocument:what fonttouse, thesize ofapage, etc.Thismarkup iscalledFormattingObjectsTheXSL Process(es)
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(elements)and Properties(attributes).For example:Generatedfrom:
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lOff-line(e.g. forprinting) lServer-side: servertransforms, clientrenders(not recommended) lClient-side: clienttransforms andrenders(allows userstyles)Server-Side/Client-SideXSL
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XSLuses CSSpropertiesto expressformatting
information,and usestheCSS inheritancemodel. lCSS: TITLE{ display:block; font-family:Helvetica; font-size:14pt; } lXSL:XSLand SVG,MathML
lXSLcan importimagesand othertypesof knownXMLXSLand otherW3Cspecs
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documents:SVG andMathML. lUpto therendererto handleothernamespacesIntroductionto XSLMaxFroumentin -W3C12 of30
XSLTis atransformationlanguage originallydesignedto transform anyXML documentintoanother XMLdocumentcontaining formattingobjects: pages,blocks,graphics, text,etc.Transformations:XSLT
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XSLThas evolvedtobecome ageneral-purposetransformation languagefrom XMLtoXML. Manyusers useitto transformtheirown XMLdocumenttype toHTMLfor viewingwithina browser
lXSLTstylesheets useXMLsyntax lAstylesheet isalist oftemplates
General-purposeXSLT
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lEachtemplate appliestoa typeofnodes intheinput document lWhenmatches aremade,the templatescontainsdesired output.Sothis willtransform:
Templates
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HTMLcan alsobegenerated verysimplyin thetemplate,using for instanceinsteadof means:apply othertemplatesto contents. Implicitrule: textiscopied frominputto output:astyle sheetwithno ruleswill onlyreturnthe characterdataof theinput. Introductionto XSLMaxFroumentin -W3C15 of30
Allownavigation anditerationwithin theinputdocument tree l Getsa value(nodecontents orattribute)from theinputtree. l Loopsover thenodesin theselectexpression
l... Conditional
XSLTstatements
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Verysimple one-templateexampleusing the'pull'method:
"Play"to HTML Introductionto XSLMaxFroumentin -W3C17 of30
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Allownavigation anditerationwithin theinputdocument tree lLoopsover thenodesin theselectexpression
lConditional
XSLTstatements
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Verysimple one-templateexampleusing the'pull'method: