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Joe Owen | Maddy Thimont Jack

Adela Iacobov

| Elliott Christensen

Managing migration

after Brexit

About this report

to ‘take back control" of aspects of migration

But the Government and, in particular,

Our Brexit work

programme of work looking at the negotiations, at: www.instituteforgovernment.org.uk/brexit

March 2019

Contents

4

Summary 5

9 11 14 21
51
the immigration system? 55

References 62

4

Figure 1

Net migration to the UK, by citizenship, 2000-18

12

Figure 2

Main reason for migration, by citizenship, 2017

14

Figure 3

Examples of cross-government interests in immigration 19 20

Figure 5

Net migration to the UK compared with the Conservative Party 's 2010 manifesto pledge, 2000-18 22
Visa fee comparison for single applicants entering the UK for three 31

Figure 7

2007/08 to 2017/18

32

Figure 8

2007/08 to 2017/18

33

SUMMARY5

Summary

challenge. contact with the UK immigration system. The task of managing immigration completely changes in both scale and strategic

Problems that must be addressed

Ministers have relied

crisis in the immigration system. The system depends on charging applicants high comparison to other departments. 6 Disconnection between policy and operations. Despite ministers' involvement in

Poor data and old systems.ʒ

Weak evidence and evaluation.ŜŞ

them at times least likely to get attention. immigration system? big changes to departmental responsibilities. . The link between immigration and the economy will become even

Second,

. The Home

SUMMARY7

Third, migration policy needs to be collectively developed and owned across internationally world-leading.

As things stand,

immigration length from ministers.

Our recommendations

As part of his planned wider review of the machinery of government after Brexit, The Government should collectively agree and communicate clear objectives for presented to Parliament to show how the Government intends to achieve those

The Home

8 system Committee and Independent Chief Inspector of Borders and Immigration. 9

1. Introduction

here."

Prime Minister, Theresa May, October 2018

1

Managing migration after Brexit

non-EU migration has, according to government statistics, always been greater than EU migration. 2 to make the most of their freedom to move to the UK. parties pledged in their respective 2017 election manifestos to bring it to an end, approach to immigration. to be reviewed. In taking back control of EU immigration, the Government cannot avoid 10

About this report

This report looks at the whole immigration system, covering both EU and non-EU there are problems and processes that are common to the broader immigration system. its immigration policy. on the UK immigration system and international comparisons. We spoke to government We also spoke to former ministers, special advisers as well as academics and non- 3 improved data. 11

2. The task ahead

1 The UK is ‘taking back control" of its immigration policy two years. The Prime Minister Theresa May has made concessions, softened her 2 the same access as those looking to move to the UK from some of its closest allies, migrants, and it will be comparatively easier for higher-skilled non-EU migrants to

But there are three big challenges

The policy

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12 3 4 economy. Either way, the strategic importance of the Government"s immigration

Delivery

Bringing EU immigration into the same regime as non-EU immigration will mean there The Government has pledged to have the new immigration system ready by 5 comparatively straightforward when compared with the Brexit task. 6 13 citizens by this date. 7

175,000 people who do not have the right paperwork.

8 9 reasons for this, ranging from children who were not aware that they needed to apply, 10

There has

11 political rhetoric and the reality. challenge, that will need to change. 14

3. How migration is managed now

More than 600,000 people are estimated to have migrated to the UK between the **,1 2017.

ŜUK Visas and Immigration

Border Force

Immigration Enforcement

15 are the responsibility of the Home Secretary. It is far more straightforward for citizens from within the EEA to come to the UK. Those citizenship. 2 UK Visas and Immigration is responsible for approving entry to the UK across the world. 3 16 4 5 6 7 8 Border Force makes sure that only those eligible can enter the UK and airports. done behind the border. environment' for illegal immigrants more to manage who enters the UK, it is Immigration Enforcement that is responsible for removing those who are in the UK illegally. 17 9 10

The rest of government

to respond to demand from the food and farming sectors which have come to depend %\^LQWHJUDWLRQ_ZHDUHXVLQJWKHVDPHGHquotesdbs_dbs17.pdfusesText_23