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Knowing the basic sentence structures or sentence types of English helps writers in a variety of ways some writers, learning the basic sentence patterns can make it easier to check The Sentence Writing Strategy: Instructor's Manual

Although designed primarily for students at an intermediate level, the series can be used in elementary classes and in advanced classes for remedial oral work

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A When we make simple English sentences, we usually follow the object' Below is the pattern of a sentence containing both direct object and indirect object: The following sentences are taken from Journey Through History – A Modern

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Advanced grammar and vocabulary is a vocabulary, idiom and grammar book for Advanced learners of English and is made up of write-in exercise pages

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ENGLISH SENTENCE PATTERNS and ENGLISH PATTERN PRACTICES Robert Lado and Charles C Fries 324 pages and 338 pages University of Michigan

[PDF] Sentence Structure REVISED 2014 - University of Manitoba

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THE FIVE BASIC SENTENCE PATTERNS Subject Predicate Combine each set of simple sentences below to produce the kind of sentence specified in

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This pattern is the simplest sentence pattern in English The subject can be a If you want to get away modern life, you should go and live a small island

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The diagram below illustrates the basic elements of a simple sentence Modern management techniques have been used with success in firms in the industrial /004~Science-and-Research/Science-for-Conservation/PDF/sfc244 pdf ]

www.umanitoba.ca/student/academiclearningYouhavethetools.We'llhelpyouusethem.Sentence Structure Knowing the basic sentence structures or sentence types of English helps writers in a variety of ways. Knowing the basic sentence types offers writers control over how they choose to present information. For some writers, learning the basic sentence patterns can make it easier to check sentence structure at the editing stage of writing. This handout shows how to recognize and create different types of sentences based on formulas. It also shows how to link ideas in order to indicate the relationship between them. The formulas below are adapted from Schumaker & Sheldon (1985) and illustrate the most common sentence patterns of English. Sentence Types All sentence types have subject/s, verb/s, and represent a complete statement. The three most common sentence types are simple, compound, and complex. Simple = I A simple sentence, also called an independent clause (I), minimally contains one subject and one verb and is a complete statement: "She laughed." Other descriptive phrases can be added, but the sentence remains simple: "In the middle of the night, she laughed uproariously for a full 30 seconds." Compound = I, cc I or I; I or I; tw, I A compound sentence minimally contains two simple sentences (or independent clauses) that are joined by a coordinating conjunction (cc)* or a semi-colon. Note that a comma without a coordinating conjunction (cc) is a comma splice and is incorrect. In a compound sentence, the ideas in both parts of the sentence are equally emphasized by the writer. "The joke was funny, so she laughed." (I, cc I) "The joke was funny; she laughed." (I; I) The I;I pattern can also include transition words (tw)* to highlight the relationship between the ideas in the sentence. "The joke was funny; consequently, she laughed." (I; tw, I) Complex = I D or D, I Complex sentences are made up of independent clauses and dependent clauses (D). The idea in the independent clause is emphasized by the writer over the idea in the dependent clause. D clauses begin with subordinators (e.g. because, since, while)* and contain subjects and verbs; however, they cannot stand on their own as complete sentences. This is because subordinators indicate relationships between two ideas, both of which must be expressed in the sentence. "Because she laughed..." (D). Can you hear how the sentence is unfinished? The sentence sounds unfinished because it is missing an idea. Adding an independent clause completes the thought. "Because she laughed, I knew the joke was funny" (D, I). "I knew the joke was funny because she laughed" (ID). *The table on the following page lists coordinating conjunctions, transition words, and subordinators

2SentenceStructureTable Compound Sentences Complex Sentences I, cc I I; I or I; tw, I ID or D, I Relationships between ideas Coordinating Conjunctions (cc) Transition Words (tw) Subordinators Addition and likewise also moreover besides in the same way in addition Contrast or Contradiction but yet still in contrast nevertheless however on the other hand instead though although even though Cause (or Reason) and Effect (or Result) so for consequently thus hence therefore accordingly as a result because as since so that in order that Alternatives or nor otherwise alternatively General to Specific for example for instance more specifically Condition if even if as if as though unless Time meanwhile after awhile subsequently thereafter then now eventually presently as long as since while until before after whenever when as soon as Place where wherever Table modified from page 79 of McDonald, Orsini, and Wagner. NOTE: Some of the words in this chart are used not only to link clauses, but also for other purposes, which may require different or no punctuation. The rules discussed here are ONLY for linking clauses. Sources McDonald, B., Orsini, L. & Wagner, T. J . (1985). Sentence Combining Pract ice Plus. Book 1. Newto n, Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon, Inc. Schumaker, J. B. & Sheldon, J. (1985). The Sentence Writing Strategy: Instructor's Manual. Lawrence, KS: The University of Kansas

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[PDF] [PDF] Sentence Structure REVISED 2014 - University of Manitoba

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