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A Hacker's Teleology͗
SUaring WUe PealWU of Our SUrinking PlaneW
CUarleV HugU SmiWU
Table of Contents
InWroTucWion
1. ConnecWing WUe MoWV
3. GeWWing AUeaT
4. UnTerVWanTing SyVWemV
5. How Óoney IV CreaWeT anT MiVWribuWeT
6. Price anT ProfiW on a ŃiniWe PlaneW
7. ŃairneVV
8. A SuVWainable AlWernaWive
EDITOR'S NOTE͗ to giǀe you a feel for the book's scope, I'ǀe assembled edžcerpts from each
section. You may alVo finT WUeVe of inWereVWJCLIME: Community Owned CorporationVJ
Introduction
WUile iWGV naWural Wo mourn WUe enT of an eraH no maWWer Uow unVuVWainable iW migUW Uave beenH iWGV energiYing Wo enWer a new era. PUile we TonGW know WUe fuWureH we To know WUaW WUe previouV arrangemenW waV failing even beforeWUe global upUeavalV. TUe unearneT privilegeV of wealWUy inViTerV UaT puVUeT unfairneVV anT inequaliWy
Wo precariouV exWremeVH anT perverVe incenWiveV puVUeT over-conVumpWion anT TebW Wo equally unVWable exWremeV. Pe now Uave an once-in-a-lifeWime opporWuniWy Wo launcU a new arrangemenW WUaW workV for everyoneH noW juVW WUe few inViTerV aW WUe Wop of a corrupW Ueap. TUe previouV arrangemenW--our socio-economic VyVWem for lack of a beWWer pUraVe--waV noWVuVWainableH anT Vo iWV TemiVe waV ineviWable. To organiYe all of Uuman life arounT WUe convicWion WUaW
infiniWe growWU waV poVVible on a planeW figuraWively VUrinking in reVourceV waV never anyWUing buW a vain
fanWaVy. To organiYe WUe TeVWrucWion of WUe planeW in WUe purVuiW of infiniWe growWU Vo inViTerV coulT make
The solution will not be a grand ͞ism" that promises a utopian perfection that ends up enslaǀing uV
TUe VoluWion will be a Uuman-VcaleH meVVy infiniWy of opporWuniWy Wo make incremenWal aTvanceVH oneperVon anT one VWep aW a Wime. NoW every VWep will be a VucceVV; many will be experimenWV WUaW failH buW
Vince we learn far more from failure WUan VucceVVH WUiV purVuiW of Vmall improvemenWV in well-being anT
VuVWainabiliWy will be a form of progress that's open to eǀeryone. TUiV will require more WUan a new arrangemenW of peopleH capiWal anT governance; iW will require a new VeW of VUareT valueV anT a new TefiniWion of progreVV. SWrippeT of niceWieVH WUe olT TefiniWion of VucceVV waVJ we muVW conVume moreH regarTleVV of WUe TeVWrucWive conVequenceVH anT borrow more money Wo pay for conVuming moreH becauVe infiniWe growWU amounWV of money. Infinitely increasing consumption and debt was neǀer sustainable, and consuming more didn't TUeVe valueV were arWfully UiTTen by a viVion of a uWopian WecUnological wonTerlanT wUere macUineV anT compuWerV TiT all WUe work anT we luxuriaWeT in WUeir embrace wUile WUe few wUo owneT WUe wonTerlanT became immenVely ricU. TUiV Woo waV ToomeTH for iW waV never anyWUing buW a VUinier verVion of winner WakeV all. A more VuVWainable anT Uumane TefiniWion of progreVV iVJ aTvancing well-being anT VuVWainabiliWy in VmallH incremenWal VWepV wiWU fewer reVourceVH noW more; relying noW on ever-increaVing TebW buW on increaVing proTucWive opporWuniWieV for WUe many raWUer WUan juVW for WUe few. Nveryone wUo benefiWeT from WUe olT broken arrangemenWV will naWurally Wry Wo reVWore WUe gooT olTTayV of more conVumpWion making a few inViTerV even more gloriouVly ricUH even aV WUe WiTe UaV WurneT
irrevocably againVW WUem. AV a reVulWH aWWempWV Wo reform WUe VyVWem from wiWUin will be waWereT Town
by WUe enWrencUeT inWereVWV Wrying Wo reverVe WUe WiTeV of Wime. TUey will fail Wo reverVe WUeVe WiTeVH buW
WUey will eaVily cruVU any reformV WUaW WUreaWen WUeir feeTing WrougU. valueV WUaW work around all the Old Guard's broken VyVWemV Wo reacU new VoluWionV quickly anT effecWively. TUaWGV WUe goal of WUiV bookJ Wo propoVe a new arrangemenW WUaW proviTeV a VuVWainable wealWU of opporWuniWieV for all. TUe roaT doesn't alwayV go wUere we WUink iW willH buW fortunately the liǀes we'ǀe led give uVVufficienW WoolV Wo Teal wiWU cUangeH boWU in our own liveV anT in our global civiliYaWion. TUe opWion Wo not
cUange no longer exiVWV; WUe unVuVWainable era UaV reacUeT iWV ineviWable enT. A new era beckonVH anT
wiWU wUaW we alreaTy Uave in UanT we can forge a more VuVWainableH UealWUierH fairer anT more proTucWive alWernaWive.Section One: Connecting the Dots
The blueprint for a more sustainable, productive arrangement seems obvious to me, but since many else. EacU of uV UaV a wealWU of experienceV WUaW are aV unique aV our fingerprinWV. TUeVe experienceV areWUe VeeTV of our unTerVWanTing anT inVigUW. TUougU life experienceV are unique Wo eacU inTiviTualH WUe
TriveV anT TeVireV WUaW generaWe experienceV are univerVal Wo all UumanVJ we all wanW Wo belong Wo VomeWUing larger WUan ourVelveVH Wo be valueTH Wo conWribuWeH anT Wo fulfill our ambiWionV.OkayH Ór. AuWUorH you aVkH juVW Uow TiT your experienceV leaT Wo a blueprinW for sharing WUe wealWU
of a VUrinking planeW͍ The answer comes from Steǀe Jobs' timeless 2005 commencement speech at Stanford University, in which he described how seemingly unrelaWeT experienceV gave Uim WUe WoolV neeTeT Wo launcU Apple wiWU UiV frienT SWeve PoYniak.Jobs' point was that each of us shares this VWoryJ edžperiences that don't seem connectedvsuccesses,
experiences needed to advance. How our successes, flops and dead-enTV all Wie WogeWUer iV only viVible
after they connect. In Job's words, ͞You can't connecW WUe ToWV looking forwarT; you can only connecW
WUem looking backward."
One way to understand Jobs' point is to ask͗ what edžperiences were absolutely necessary for me to
advance from A to B to C? What advances would Uave been impoVVible if I hadn't had these specific experienceV? For Jobs, one such experience was a calligrapUy I WypograpUy claVV aW ReeT CollegeH acourVe WUaW appeareT uWWerly impracWical aW WUe Wime buW wUicU leT a TecaTe laWer Wo WUe ÓacinWoVU
computer's reǀolutionary menu of fonts. One of the unspoken lessons of Jobs' speech is that unconventional experienceV lenT WUemVelveV Wo unconvenWional VoluWionV. Before Jobs co-founTeT AppleH no one coulT Uave preTicWeT UiV aVWounTingVucceVV baVeT on UiV jumble of experienceV (college TropouWH working in an apple orcUarTH eWc.). YeW WUaW
jumble waVH by UiV own accounWH key Wo UiV VucceVV in impoVVible-Wo-preTicW wayV. TUiV runV counWer Wo WUe convenWional WrackJ earn a college TiplomaH aTT an aTvanceT profeVVional TegreeH anT builT a career in a VpecialiYeT fielT. Any counVelor wUo recommenTeT Tropping ouW ofcollege Wo aVVemble a jumble of unconvenWional experienceV woulT be run ouW of Wown aV a corrupWor of
youWU. There is a thread connecting all of Jobs' edžperiences that he didn't mention͗ authenticity. Inpursuing each edžperience, he was being true to himself and his enthusiasms. It wasn't a random jumble,
it was guided by his inner compass of what inspired him. By his own account, he wasn't tending apple All of uV Uave experienceT WUe rightness of being Wrue Wo ourVelveV. Once again, Jobs' story is ourVWory͗ none of our successes come from liǀing someone else's life, and few adǀances of human endeaǀor
come from dogmatically following conventions. Rather, advances come from people who have no cUoice buW Wo purVue WUeir enWUuViaVmV wiWU unrelenWing inWenViWy. They do this not because somebody toldWUem Wo; WUey liWerally Uave no oWUer cUoice.
Which brings us to Jobs' final point͗ life is short, so do you want to spend your life doing work you
reVults of other people's thinking._Conǀentions and dogma don't just distract uV from our Wrue VelveV; WUey alVo leaT Wo geWWing WUingV
completely wrong when eǀents don't follow the conǀentional script. TUe Global Ńinancial CriViV of 2008-09 iV a recenW example of convenWional Togma being acaWaVWropUically poor guiTe. VirWually all WUe UigUly creTenWialeT economic experWV goW iW compleWely
wrong͗ their models didn't reflect the financial system as it actually functioned and so theyunderestimated the risks of contagion. As the wildfire spread to the entire global financial system, WUey
conWinueT Wo aVVure WUe public WUaW WUe fire waV conWaineT anT all waV well. The conventional dogma failed, and by at least some measures, continues to fail, as the policies of the past decade haǀen't fidžed what's broken.special expertise to reach this conclusion; those of us with real-worlT experience coulT Vee WUe VyVWem
waV brokenH anT doing more of WUe Vame waV only increaVing WUe riVk of a breakTown.only works for the few. It's broken, and while the mainstream holds that it can be fidžed by replacing a
few bits here and there and borrowing a few more trillion dollars, it's not just the rusty bits that are
their bones. Those who are doing well don't see what's broken; from their percU, the system workV for me Vo iWmuVW work for everyone elVe. But when the foundations crack, even the wealthy and powerful will lose.
The story of the foundations cracking isn't just my VWory; it's our VWory, for we all live in the same system.
You'ǀe probably guessed that my edžperiences haǀen't followed a conǀentional line. Most of my life
can be summarized as fools ruVU in͗ short of training, money and mentors, I'ǀe taken longshots, pursued
impractical studies, and predictably made very little money. AW nineWeen I receiveT a couple UunTreT capiWal. Here's my dot-connecWingJ my experienceV leT me Wo aVk big queVWionV abouW Uow we can share WUe wealWU of a VUrinking planeW and seek big, comprehensive anVwerV. There's a word for the dot-connecWing SWeve JobV TeVcribeTJ teleology. It's a fancy word that meanswhere iW all leaTV Wo. It's not just a goal, it's the TeVWinaWion we enT up reacUing becauVe WUat's wUere WUe
connecWeT ToWV leaT.My teleology led me to ask͗ is there a better way to liǀe, one that uses Earth's resources more
wisely? What about our VyVWem lockV uV inWo VucU a waVWefulH precariouVH perverVeH unVuVWainable way of
life? IV WUere an alWernaWive arrangemenW WUaW woulT creaWe a more VuVWainableH beWWer way of life for
everyoneH anT if VoH wUaW woulT iW look like? In WUe conWexW of compuWerVH Uacker referV Wo Vomeone wUo breakV inWo a VyVWem wiWU maliciouV time or money to rebuild from scratch; hence the term life-Uack for a UanTy VUorWcuW or work-arounT. So wUen I refer Wo a hacker's Weleology, I mean a teleology of workarounTV in a kluTgy VyVWem WUaWcan't be reformeT becauVe inViTerV Uave lockeT it so it can't be changed. TUiV makeV perfecW VenVeJ wUy
woulT WUoVe in cUarge riVk moTifying a VyVWem What's rewarded them so well͍PUile WUe experienceV recounWeT Uere are parW of my VWory, this book is actually about our VWory, too,
for we all inUabiW WUe Vame planeWH anT all our experienceV ulWimaWely connecW Wo WUe broken VyVWem we
VUare.
JuVW aV WUere are dots connecting our life edžperiences, there are dots connecting the system's broken that-grinTing-doesn't-VounT-gooT parWVH anT ToWV connecWing my experienceV Wo my viVion of an alWernaWive way Wo VUare a VUrinking planeW. AnT just as there is a dot-connecWing Weleology in our own liveVH WUe hacker's Weleology connecWV WUe ToWV of values, proceVVeV anT VyVWemV. Let's get started!EXCERPTS from Section Two: Belonging
The old wooden gym echoed with WUe VounT of bouncing baVkeWballV anT I glanceT up aW WUeafWernoon Vun filWering WUrougU WUe Ualf-open windows high aboǀe the stands. Lanai's gym was 2,500
disorientation was slowly fading, thanks to being on WUe varViWy baVkeWball VquaT. IW VeemeT like juVW anoWUer pracWice unWil one of my WeammaWeV pauVeT WUe Trill anT VUouWeT aW me in a voice WUaW VWoppeT me colT.͞You think you're better than us͍"
My teammate's accusation caught me off-guarTH anT aV Ue conWinueT in WUe Vame cUargeT WoneH Iflushed under the uneasy gaze of the rest of the team. I wasn't just the only 15-year olT new kiT in Wown;
I waV WUe only rail-WUinH paleH reT-UaireT boy on WUe Weam anT in WUe enWire UigU VcUool.MeVperaWion iV noW too strong a word for what I felt. Sure, the accusation was unfair, but that didn't
oWUer way Wo connecW wiWU claVVmaWeVH a place on WUe Weam waV WUe one poViWive in my life. PerUapV only
WUoVe wUo Uave been frienTleVV anT alone can unTerVWanT WUiV TeVperaWion anT WUe greaW Uuman miVery of noW belonging.TUe pracWice TrifWeT Wo a VWop anT I knew my reVponVe coulT Vave my VloW on WUe Weam or enT iW. Óy
WeammaWe UaT never expreVVeT any ill-will WowarT me beforeH anT I waV myVWifieT wUaW UaT cauVeT Uimto take my shy reserǀe for aloof superiority. It certainly wasn't anything I'd said, because I'd said
nothing.Though I didn't understand what triggered his outburst, it was self-eviTenWly relaWeT Wo my pale Vkin.
gathered that haoles (foreigner in HawaiianH buW now WUe local piTgin worT for CaucaVianV) wereprivileged, a legacy of Hawaii's colonial history, a past reflected in the town's Haole Hill wUere WUe
planWaWion managerV liveT.But I didn't liǀe on Haole Hill; we lived in decrepit State teacher housing, which had enough cracks
arounT WUe winTowV Wo welcome every inVecW from fiVW-ViYeT fielT VpiTerV Wo UunTreTV of WUe liWWle fruiW
beetles that fed on the plantation's decaying pineapples.Looking back, my teammate's charge was more than a little ironic͗ here I was, the new kid in town,
hyper-conVciouV of VWanTing aparW from my AVian-American anT naWive-Hawaiian claVVmaWeVH wiWU nofriends, struggling to comprehend the island's pidgin English, feeling alone and lost, and I'm accused of
my WeammaWeV know WUaW? Óaybe haole Vilence = arrogance waV a reaVonable aVVumpWion.To defuse the accusation, I stammered the only defense I could think of, saying, no, I don't think I'm
Waller WUan my claVVmaWeVH compareT Wo WUem I waV a miTgeW in aWUleWiciVmH VkillV anT experience. I TiT
my best to practice hard, but I had none of my teammates' athletic abilities. To my relief, this cooled my teammate's ire, and the topic neǀer came up again; eǀentually my teammates began joking about their Hawaiian Uaole. But the incident stayed with me because of the ironyJ all I wanWeT waV Wo belongH wUile my WeammaWeV UaT WUe privilege of belonging wiWUouW even being aware of iWV value. No maWWer Uow welcoming my claVVmaWeV wereH a new-kiT-in-Wown haole woulT never really belong in WUe Vame way. So wUo waV privilegeT? TUe only privilege I wanWeT waV being accepWeT by my WeammaWeV. NigUW monWUV laWer WUe VcUool year enTeT anT I waV WUe only haole on anoWUer WeamH a crew of 16-year olds picking pineapples in the sweltering summer. There's no shade in a field of pineapples, and the
tropic heat blasted us until the sun mercifully set. AV a Vwing-VUifW crewH we enTeT our VUifW aW nigUWH
Following Steǀe Jobs' dictum that we can only connect the dots looking back, the best way to understand belonging is to look back at times when we didn't belong, and what became possible when we did find some way to belong. TUe firVW WUing we VUoulT noWe iV WUaW belonging iV a privilege, noW a rigUW. RigUWV are granWeT Wo everyoneH buW privilegeV are only granWeT Wo memberV in gooT VWanTing. RigUWV cannoW be wipeT ouWexcepW by legal acWionH buW memberVUip iV a cUoice boWU for WUe inTiviTual anT WUe group WUe inTiviTual
wanWV Wo join. TUe VeconT WUing iV WUaW belonging gives uV an iTenWiWy beyonT wUaW we Uave an inTiviTual. Pe alwayV reWain our own iTenWiWyH buW we gain VomeWUing by belonging Wo a Weam or organiYaWion WUaW reflects our auWUenWic Velf: our world expands, and so does our role in that world. TUe WUirT WUing iV WUaW we wanW Wo belong Wo something larger WUan ourVelveV, something with a meaningful purpoVeH VomeWUing WUaW we acWively conWribuWe Wo Vo WUaW our conWribuWion iV valueT. To understand this, let's go back to my intense desire to be part of the Lanai High basketball squad.Let's imagine that I was offered an alternatiǀe to joining the basketball team͗ if I shot baskets alone
about $450 toTay.) ObviouVly WUe money woulT be aWWracWiveH aV iW coulT be uVeT Wo buy all VorWV of VWuff I migUW wanW. aUeaT.substitute for wUaW I lackeTJ an opporWuniWy Wo become a beWWer player anT be valueT aV a conWribuWor Wo
WUe Weam.
woulT Uave been illuVoryH becauVe we only become a beWWer player by acWually playing on a Weam. AV WUe
TaoiVW pUiloVopUer RUuangYi (alVo known aV CUuang TYu) noWeT 2H500 yearV agoH VUooWing arrowV aW aWargeW in calm conTiWionV wiWU noWUing on WUe line iV one WUingH buW VUooWing arrowV wUen WUe VWakeV are
UigU anT WUe preVVure iV on iV anoWUer.
NoW only WUaWH buW being on WUe Weam iV Vo mucU more WUan an occaVional cUance Wo VUooW a baVkeW.from your coacU anT peerV. Some poor kiT VUooWing baVkeWV alone geWV none of WUiV. He iV impoveriVUeTH
no maWWer Uow mucU money Ue geWV. Although it's not recognized as such, belonging is a form of wealth that can't be bought with mere money. Yes, we all need money Wo liveH buW we neeT more WUan money Wo liveH Woo. Pe neeTopporWuniWieV Wo expreVV our auWUenWic VelveV in a group wUere our efforWV Uave value anT our VacrificeV
are reVpecWeTH wUere we can earn TigniWy--something that money can't buy. As noted aboǀe, we wantan opporWuniWy Wo Tevelop our beVW VelveV anT finT our place in WUe VunH wUere we can fulfill our WalenWV
anT inWereVWV.Looking back at my edžperience in Punahou, there's a fourth thing we should note͗ the kid shooting
whether he gets better or not. As I said earlier: expectations of excellence anT open compeWiWion bring
ouW WUe beVW in uV. Getting ͞free money" as an isolated indiǀidual doesn't giǀe us those opportunities to
excel; only belonging giveV uV WUoVe opporWuniWieV. YeW opporWuniWieV Wo belong Wo VomeWUing meaningful WUaW give uV wayV Wo geW aUeaT are noWguaranteed in our economic system. At best it's hit or miss; misfits like myself may never find anything
Wo belong Wo WUaW offerV gainful employmenW (TefineT aV paiT work WUaW benefiWV boWU WUe inTiviTual anT
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